466. Caustic tongue, а див. В-і86.

467. caution is the parent of safety присл. обережність — супутниця безпеки; ^ бере­ женого всяк береже; пор. небереженого лихо стереже.

468. caution money застава на забезпечен­ ня можливих боргів (яку вносять студенти університетів і члени юридичних корпора­ цій); грошова застава (гроші, які читач вно­ сить до бібліотеки для одержання книг).

, 469. cavalry sword шабля. 470. caviare to the general (або multitude) щось незрозуміле, а тому не оцінене так, як слід; дуже тонке блюдо для грубого смаку; (пор. кидати перла перед свиньми) [перший варіант є шекспірівським виразом; Hamlet, д. II, сц. 2; слово general вжив, тут Із зна­ченням «публіка»};

14 К. Т. Баранцев

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I heard thee speak me a speech once,— but it was never acted! or if it was, not above once: for the play, 1 remember, pleased not the millions; 'twas caviare to the general: but it was an excel­lent play (W. Shakespeare).

I retained, I suppose, some tolerable opinion of my own composition, though Janet did not compre­hend it, and felt loath to retrench those dalilahs of the imagination, as Dryden calls them, the tropes and figures of which are caviar to the multitude (W. Scott).

471. Celestial Empire заст. «небесна ім­ перія», Китай.

472. Centennial; State, the амер. «штат сто­ ліття» (так називають штат Колорадо) [цей штат увійшов до складу США у 1876 p., коли святкувалося століття незалежності США].

473. centre of gravity, the центр ваги; див. тж. О-7.

474. cent wise and dollar foolish див. P-307.

475. (as) certain as a gun (або as any­ thing, as death, as death and taxes, as eggs, as eggs is. eggs, as fate, as hell, as Moses, as Sunday, as shooting) див. S-2584.

476. cessation of arms (або hostilities) припинення воєнних дій; перемир'я;

...Susan was no kind to Partridge! for that Ama­zonian fair having overthrown and bestrid her enemy, was now cuffing him lustily with both her hands, without any regard to his request of a cessation of arms, or to those loud exclamations of murder which he roared forth (H. Fielding).

477. chafe (або fret, fry, melt, stew) in one's own grease, to заст. І) мучитися від пристрастей; 2) страждати від власної не­ розважливості.

478. chain bursts at the weakest link, a див. C-482.

479. chained lightning амер. с.І. погане, низькопробне віскі.

480. chained to the oar прикутий до тяж­ кої і тривалої роботи [як колись раб на ка­ торжних галерах}.,

481. chain gang (тж. chain-gang) амер. група каторжників, прикутих один до одного загальним ланцюгом;

"Avy, you're not going to put him on that awful chain gang, are you?" she asked seriously (A. Maltz).

482. chain is as strong as its weakest link,

to (тж. a chain is no stronger than its weak­est link; a chain bursts at the weakest link; the strength of a chain is in its weakest link) присл. міцність ланцюга визначається міцністю його слабшої ланки; ^ де тонко, там і рветься;

A chain is no stronger than its weakest link. This country [i. e. U.S.A.) is retrogressing in its strength due to the racial animosities (D. W. N. Y., March Із 1953).

The strength of a chain is in its weakest link, and Mr. Ferraro did not forget his responsibility (G. Greene).

483. chain is no stronger than its weakest link, а див. С-482.

484. chain of accidents (тж. chain of acci­ dental circumstances) випадковий, неперед­ бачений збіг обставин; див. тж. С-534;

She would have dismissed the subject so, but I was too full of it to allow that, and insisted on telling her how it happened that I had disgraced myself, and what chain of accidental circumstances had had the theatre for its final link (Ch. Dickens).

485. chain of command військ, ієрархічна скала.

486. chain (або train) of events, а ланцюг, ряд, низка подій;

Cowperwood was fully alive to the fact that if he lost this election — the first to be vigorously contested — it might involve a serious chain of events (Th. Dreiser).

487. chain one's attention, to (тж. to chain the attention of one) прикувати чиюсь увагу;

...Addison was at his ease, he went on in a noble strain of thought and language, so as to chain the attention of every hearer (Th. Macaulay).

488. chain reaction (тж. chain-reaction) хім. та перен. ланцюгова реакція;

One poisoned beast could kill five others in a chain reaction of one preying upon the other (J. Aldridge).

489. chain stores (тж. chain-stores), (спо­ чатку амер.) магазини, що належать одній фірмі і продають однакові товари;

But who are the Tories? They are employers, the owners of the chain stores (D. W. L., Oct. 10, 1951).

490. chain the attention of one, to див. C-487.

491. chain victory to one's car, to ^ по­ стійно здобувати перемогу, завжди перема­ гати.

492. chair days [тж. the lees of life; the sear and yellow (leaf); declining years; the yellow leaf; the sear, the yellow leaf] старість [останній вираз є шекспірівським; Macbeth, д. V, сц. 3]; див. тж. G-2H3;

...In thy reverence and thy chair days, thus

To die in ruffian battle (W. Shakespeare).

Here I am in the sear and yellow (J. Gals­worthy).

The baby in whose honour they had met is a matron in the sear and yellow leaf (Th. Hardy).

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There was no sight in Wythburn more touching than to see this girl solacing her father's declining years (H. Caine).

493. chairman emeritus почесний голова (який вийшов у відставку);

...In this issue of the newspaper we also murk the 78th birthday of Comrade William Z. Foster, chairman emeritus of the Communist Party (The Worker, Feb. 22, 1959).

494. chair warmer (тж. chair-warmer) 1) амер. бюрократ; 2) ледар, нероба; див. тж. А-179;

Не had heard loungers about hotels called chair-, warmers (Th. Dreiser).

495. chaise and pair (або four, six) див. C-151.

496. chalk for cheese дуже низька або ма­ ла ціна за гарну річ.

497. chalk on a barn-door, to рідк. робити приблизні підрахунки, обчислення.

498. chalk one's hat, to амер. дозволяти комусь безплатний проїзд на залізниці.

499. challenge to the array юр. відвід всьо­ му складу присяжних.

500. challenge to the palls юр. відвід дея­ ким присяжним.

501. chance of a lifetime, а винятковий, надзвичайний випадок; виняткова, надзви­ чайна можливість, що трапляється один раз у житті.

502. chance one's arm, tq розм. рискнути, піти на риск.

503. chance the ducks див. В-1831.

504. (as) changeable as a weathercock (або as the moon, as the sea) непостійний, мінли­ вий; ^ сім п'ятниць на тиждень; див. тж. U-194;

І must rather trust her, were she as changeable as a weathercock (W. Scott).

505. change colour (або countenance), to , (тж. рідк. to turn colour; to turn one's co­ lour) змінитися в обличчі; збліднути;

Her face changed colour when she saw him (P. Abrahams).

506. change (або mingle) eyes, to заст. ки­ дати один на одного закохані погляди.

507. change (або turn) for the better, a переміна, зміна на краще; див. тж. С-508;

In a violent infection such as this, flaring up­wards with feverish-intensity, the crisis meant no mere turn for the better. It was a definite indication towards recovery (A. Cronin).

508. change (або turn) for the worse, а пе­ реміна, зміна на гірше; див. тж. С-507.

509. change front, to докорінно змінити свої думки, погляди, вислови; див. тж. С-515, 2);

Не remembered her facility -in changing front. She had changed front now (J. London).

510. change hands, to 1) перейти до інших рук (тж. to pass into one's hands; to pass into the hands of one);

The grocery store on the corner, half a block from where mother lived, changed hands (/. Lon­don).

2) переходити з рук до рук, часто зміню­вати хазяїна [тж~. to go (або pass) from hand to hand];

Soldiers found with the forbidden leaflets were severely punished. All the same, the pamphlets continued to circulate, passed furtively from hand to hand (G. Trease). ,

511. change horses in the midstream, to [тж. to change (або swap, swop) horses when (або while) crossing a stream] робити значні зміни невчасно, у неслушний час [від при­ слів'я don't change (або swap, swop) your horses in midstream].

512. change of air, а переміна, зміна об­ становки; див. тж. С-517; ,

І merely want change of air and scene (С/г. Bronte).

513. change of base, а відступ, відхід [ме­ тафора з ери в бейсбол]; див. тж. О519;

And are you mixed up in Captain's Devar's mighty smart change of base? Tell me everything I hate mysteries (L. Tracy).

514. change of feeling, а зміна почуттів, зміна планів, задумів, намірів під впливом почуттів; див. тж. С-516;

No one knew just why he [= a fox-cub] was kept alive, but in all a change of feeling had- set in, and the idea of killing him was without a supporter (E. Seton-Thotnpson).

515. change of front, a 1) військ, перемі­ на, зміна фронту;

All I can remember is an advance that seemed to shake the ground; a sudden change of front, a continuous flashing of spears, seen through a red mist of blood (H- Ride Haggard).

2) перен. докорінна, значна, повна зміна; див. тж. С-509;

She then expressed some regret that lady Luttrell should have selected that occasion for proclaiming a change of front with which the actual proceedings were but indirectly concerned ,(W. Norris),

516. change of heart (або mind), а зміна. своїх намірів, планів; див. тж. С-514;

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Turkeytrack experienced the usual change of heart. He now wanted to have that mustang (E. Seton-Thompson).

517. change of scene, а зміна, переміна . обстановки, зміна декорацій; переміна місця

проживання; див. тж. С-512 та С-528;

Не said we should have fresh air, exercise and quiet; the constant change of scene would occupy our minds... and the hard work would give us a good appetite, and make us sleep well (Jerome K. Jerome).

When death had taken her from him, he so evid­ently stood in need of a complete change of scene, that even those friends who had most strongly dissuaded him from what they deemed a madcap enterprise, thought it better to leave him to him­self (S. Butler).

518. change of venue, a top. передача спра­ ви на розгляд до іншої судової округи; див. тж. С-531;

My attorneys therefore applied for a change of venue. We asked that the trial be held preferably in New York ... or in Washington... (Freedomways, iol. 3, No 2, 1963).

519. change one's base, to амер. розм. від­ ступати, іти геть, тікати [первісна термін з гри в бейсбол]; див. тж. С-513.

520. change one's battery, to перен. спря­ мувати вогонь у інший бік; перенести во­ гонь [етим. фр. changer de batteries].

521. change one's condition, to див. А-389.

522. change one's mind, to див. А-390.

523. change one's note, to [тж. to change one's (або the) tune; to come down a peg; to come down a peg or two; to draw in one's claws; to draw (або pull) in one's horns; to pipe to (або to play) a different tune; to sing a different song (або tune); to sing another song (або tune); to sing on the wrong side of one's (або the) mouth; to sing small] змі­ нити, знизити тон, стати скромнішим; ^ іншої заспівати; бити відбій; див. тж. Т-299, 2);

People are going to change their tune when they hear of this (M. Wilson).

The boy's coolness and knowledge of his rights had perfectly astounded the farmer, and for the first time in his life he found it expedient to draw-in his horns (E. Marryat).

...He would have made her pipe to a different tune (A. Cronin).

At first, Dale was pleased with his description. However, after the arrest of Mathry, the band played a different tune — for Mathry was neither tall, dark, nor clean shaven, but of medium size, fair-complexioned, and he had a brown moustache (A. Cronin).

Mr. Forsyte, the director involved, in a speech of some length, said he had no intention of singing small (J. Galsworthy).

524. change one's self, to перемінити одяг, переодягнутися.

525. change one's skin, to дуже сильно, значно змінитися (звичайно зовні).

526. change one's tune, to див. С-523.

527. change sides, to перейти до іншого або ворожого табору; змінити свої погляди;,

І offer you my services. I will change sides if . you will have me (B. Shawl.

His looks were now quite friendly; and I was so revolted at these constant changes, that I could not forbear whispering, "So you've changed sides again" (R. Stevenson).

528. change the scene, to змінити, перемі­ нити обстановку; змінити місце проживання; див. тж. С-5І7.

529. change (або drop) the subject, to змі­ нити розмову, змінити тему розмови.

530. change the tune, to див. С-523.

531. change the venue, to top. передати справу на розгляд до іншої судової округи; див. тж. С-5І8.

532. channel fever англ. туга за домом, за батьківщиною [Channel — Ла-Манш].

533. chapter and verse посилання на дже­ рело; доказ, підтвердження (первісна по­ силання лише на біблію; звич. вжив, з діє­ словами to cite, to give, to have);

I say; and here's chapter and verse for it (B. Shaw).

534. chapter of accidents, the непередбаче-"" ний збіг обставин; див. тж. С-484;

Не could only take his departure after the fashion of the most commonplace visitor, and must trust all to-morrow's schemes and to-morrow's hopes to the chapter of accidents (M. Braddon).

535. chapter of disasters, а ряд, низка не­ вдач;

Roddy, what a chapter of disasters the whole move has been from start to finish (A. Hutchlnson).

536. chapter of possibilities, the можливий хід тюдій; див. тж. В-973.

537. character of the day видатна, відома людина сучасності;

Не spoke of the characters of the day, great personages of the fashion, with easy familiarity and jocular allusions (W. Thackeray).

538. charge the windmills, to див. F-493.

539. charity begins at home (тж. close is the shirt but closer is the skin; near is my shirt, but nearer is my skin; self comes first) присл. ^ своя сорочка до тіла ближче [етим. першого прислів'я фр. charite bien ordonnee commence par soi-meme];

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Have you saved yourself?. Charity begins at home, they say (ТЛ. Hardy).

Thorkell listened to the torrent of reproaches, and then said, quietly, as he turned on his heel, "Near is my shirt, but nearer is my skin" (H. Caine).

540. charm a duck off a pond, to рідк. спо­ кушати, зваблювати, зводити (когось);

І know he's thrilling and exciting and marvel­lous to look at, and has a way with him that would charm a duck off a pond... (D. Cusack).

541. chartered libertine людина, якій до­ зволяють робити все, що завгодно, що вона сама хоче [шекспірівський вираз; King Hen­ ry V, д. І, сц. І].

542. charter member див. F-1182.

543. chase the wild goose, to ганятися за химерами, поринати у нереальні мрії; див. тж. W-745, 2);

All the old wisdom that in the nineteenth century had consolidated British wealth, all the Forsyte philosophy of attending to one's own business, and taking no risks, the close-fibred national individu­alism which refused to commit the country to chas­ing this wild goose or that, held within him silent demonstration (1. Galsworthy).

544. chase (або go chase) yourself! амер. груб, забирайся геть!; геть звідси!, відчепи­ ся!, досить морочити голову!;

"Hello," remarked one of the stout-wristed sole-workers to her at noon. "You're a daisy." He really expected to hear the common "Aw! go chase your­self!" in return, and was sufficiently abashed, by Carrie's silently moving away, in retreat, awkward­ly grinning (Th. Dreiser).

545. (as) chaste as ice невинний, непороч­ ний, як дитина [шекспірівський вираз; Ham­ let, д. Ill, сц. 1].

546. chastise (one, something) with scor- ptons, to бичувати, картати, нападати (на когось, щось) [етим. бібл.]; див. тж. W-911.

547. chattel slavery система рабської пра­ ці;

The change from chattel slavery into Feudalism... (R. Tressell).

548. chatter like a magpie, to торохтіти, Цокотіти, як сорока.

549. chaw bacon (тж. chaw-bacon) амер. розм. необтесаний, незграбний хлопець; роз­ зява;

І walked over to Poplar Cove and sat around the Post-office and store, talking with the chaw-bacons that came in to trade (O. Henry).

550. cheap and easy поганенький, нижчого сорту; пе.рен. дешевий;

Take it from me. Victorian times fostered a lot of very cheap and easy faith... (]. Galsworthy).

551. cheap and nasty дешевий та гнилий; нікчемний;

The next day he describes the "cheap and nasty politics" of the country "with hardly a sincere note anywhere to relieve the tedium of corruption" (M. & M., June, 1951).

552. (as) cheap as dirt (тж. dirt cheap; dirt-cheap; dog cheap; dog-cheap) дуже де­ шевий; дешево, ні по чому; ^ дешевше від дірки з бублика [dog cheap є перекрученим god-chepe — вигідна покупка, добра угода];

You've got my service dirt cheap (J. Galsworthy). You got the fowls dog cheap (7. Dixon).

553. cheapest is the dearest присл. ^ де­ шева рибиа — погана юшка.

554. cheap Jack (або John) (тж. cheap- jack) мандрівний дрібний торговець (деше­ вими товарами) [слово cheap у цьому вира­ зі зберігає своє старе значення базар, угода. В американському вживанні cheap-jack та cheap-John у сполученні з словами shop або store мають значення магазин, що торгує дешевими товарами; звич. cheap-jack (або cheapjack) shop (або store); cheap-John (або cheapjohn) shop (або store)];

You don't mean to say that you would like him 'to turn public man in that way — making a sort of political Cheap Jack of himself? (G. Eliot).

(тж. cheap-skate) амер.

555. cheap skate 1) скнара, скупій;

They had two lemonades, at seventy five cents each, with a quarter tip to the Hellenic waiter — at which he grumbled — and a quarter to the trim and cold-eyed hat girl — at which she snapped "Another pair of cheap skates!" (S. Lewis).

2) дрібна душиця.

556. cheap trip екскурсія по залізниці або на пароплаві за зниженою платою за проїзд.

557. cheat а (або the) halter, to (тж. to cheat the gallows) уникнути страти на ши­ бениці, померти своєю смертю (про злодія); див. тж. С-И26 та Q-51;

...І will take you to my bosom for the biggest devils that ever cheated a halter (R. Kipling).

558. cheat death, to (тж. to cheat the worms) уникнути смерті, вижити, залиши­ тися живим (після тяжкої хвороби тощо);

And where is the soul to pass judgement on such a man as James Nelson, who, having cheated death by mustard gas, lived only to curse his resurrection! (D. Carter). •

But Doctor Flinders was more surprised thau anybody. "Hey-day, young fellow!" exclaimed he;

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"you never mean to tell us that you've weathered through?"

"Yes, sir," said Mrs. Dipple; "he's cheated the worms, as the saying is" (7. Greenwood).