2491. Breach of the day див. В-2547.

2492. breach of the peace див. В-2487.

2493. Breach of trust див. В-2480.

2494. bread and butter 1) засоби до існу­ вання, шматок хліба, насущний хліб (тж. meat and drink);

The poor man's alarm was pitiful. His bread and butter was at stake (7. London).

2) attr. що дає шматок хліба, засоби до існування; дуже важливий, життєвонеобхід- ний (тж. bread-and-butter);

Не discovered a bread-and-butter field in the agricultural weeklies and trade journals (7. Lon­don).

3) attr. молодий (звич. у виразі bread- and-butter miss).

2495. bread-and-butter letter лист, написа­ ний після відвідання когось, з висловлен­ ням подяки за гостинність;

"Dear Pyle," I wrote, and was tempted for the only time to write, "Dear Alden," for, after all, this was a bread-and-butter letter of some import­ance and it differed little from other bread-and-butter letters in containing a falsehood CO. Gre­ene).

2496. bread and butter (або bread-and- butter) miss жарт, школярка.

2497. bread and cheese 1) проста або ма­ лопоживна їжа (тж. bread and scrape);

Without pausing for my usual bread and cheese at the one village tavern, I went immediately to -Alex Duttil (A. Cronin).

I don't want your bread and scrape (B. Shaw).

2) засоби до існування (звич. малі);

Well, you may get bread and cheese, Pen; and I own it tastes well, the bread which you earn yourself (W. Thackeray).

2498. bread-and-cheese marriage одружен­ ня з бідняком.

2499. bread and circuses хліба і видовищ [етим. лат. panem et circenses].

2500. bread and scrape 1) хліб, трохи на­ мазаний маслом; 2) див. В-2497, 1).

2501. bread and water хліб і вода (мало­ поживна їжа);

"Lower the boat, Captain, and set him adrift," I suggested, "or put him on bread and water, along with the foreman and the superintendent" (Th. Dreiser).

2502. bread line черга безробітних за без­ платним харчуванням.

2503. bread of affliction, the перен. важ­ кий хліб (звич. вжив, з дієсловом to eat).

2504. breadth of view широчінь поглядів.

2505. break (або crush) a butterfly (або a fly) on (або upon) а (або the) wheel, to [тж. to crack eggs with a sledge-hammer; to take a hair to draw a wagon (або wag­ gon); to take a post to kill a bee; to take a spear to kill a fly; to use a steam-hammer to crack nuts] діяти зовсім безглуздо, с^

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стріляти по горобцях з гармат, іти на кома­ра з дрючком, а на вовка з швайкою [to break upon the wheel — стратити через ко­лесування] ;

That's simply breaking a butterfly on a wheel IB. Shaw)

Pledger listened a few moments longer to the vice-president, who had begun talking about how necessary it was to go slow at the start and how it wasn't right sense to crack eggs with a sledge­hammer (A. Saxton).

2506. break a date, to див. В-2511.

2507. break a deadlock, to знайти вихід з тупика.

2508. break a fly on (або upon) а (або the) wheel, to due. B-2505.

2509. break a jest (або a joke), to пустити жарт;

The cnapman broke a rough jest as he passed (A. Doyle).

2510. break a lance (against або with one), to іст. битися на списах (з кимсь); перен. ламати списи, сперечатися;

І hear that the prince wished to break a lance, but that Chandos would not hear of it, for the game is likely to be a rough one (A. Doyle).

2511. break an appointment, to (тж. амер. розм. break a date) не з'явитися у призна­ чений час або у призначене місце; не прийти на побачення; див. тж. К-43 та В-2599;

І can't think of a time when I ever broke a date for you (M. Wilson).

2512. break a record, to див. В-394.

2513. break a rule, to порушити правило; Once a rule is broken it stops being a rule

(S. Heym).

2514. break a strike, to зірвати страйк (звідси strike-breaker — штрейкбрехер).

2515. breakaway union фракція, що від­ окремилася від профспілки;

The section on the recognition of breakaway uni­ons by the employers is notable for its ignorance (D. W. L., lune 12, 1958).

2516. break bread (with one), to користу­ ватися чиєюсь гостинністю [етим. бібл.].

Get away with you all, there's nothing for you here. I'm sorry I let you break bread in my house (A. Cronin).

2517. break bulk, to мор. починати розван­ таження; військ, розсортувати вантаж за частинами призначення.

2518. break (або strike) camp, to [тж. to strike one's (або the) tent] зніматися з та­ бору, згортати табір;

Mamma and I will break camp in the morning, move the outfit and go onto where Dan and Karl are (E. Hemingway).

...He struck camp, and moved forward into a forest of unknown paths and mysterious perils (Mayne Reid).

2519. break china, to викликати безпоря- док, хвилювання, переполох;

This time we'll go right through, and I don't care how much china is broken in the process (S. Heym).

2520. break cover, to мисл. з'являтися на відкритому місці (особл. про лисицю).

2521. breakers (або rocks) ahead! спереду небезпека!, стережись! [первісна вираз мо­ ряків];

Something happening [he blows his whistle]. Breakers ahead! (B. ishaw).

2522. break even, to залишитися при своїх (у грі).

2523. break faith, to див. В-1842.

2524. break fast, to див. В-2553, 2);

2525. break forth (або burst) into tears, to залитися сльозами, розплакатися; див. тж. В-3005;

"Set me down, George," she said faintly. He did so, and seating himself beside her, covered his face with his hands, and burst into tears (Ch. Dick­ens).

2526. break fresh (або new) ground, to [тж. to break (the) ground] 1) орати, розо­ рювати землю, піднімати цілину, копати землю, прокладати шлях (тж. to open ground);

"Ah, Catrina," said Paul, "we have broken new ground for you. There was no track from here to Osterno through the forest. I made one this after­noon, so you have no excuse for remaining away now" (H. Merriman).

2) військ почати копання окопів; 3) перен. робити перші кроки, прокладати нові шляхи, починати нову справу;

We need also to be constantly breaking new ground. We should again look to the factories, towns and villages, or even areas,in big cities, where we have no members, and consider the steps needed to establish Party organisations there (H. Pollitt).

Poor old Walker was very foi»d of experimental surgery, and he broke ground in several directions (A. Dayle).

2527. break ground, to 1) див. В-2526; 2) іти, прямувати (кудись; to або towards);

The chivalrous Apollodorus laughingly shakes his head; breaks ground away from the" sentinel towards the palace (B. Shaw).

3) мор. зніматися з якоря.

2528. break herd, to відбитися, відстати від череди; перен. рідк. іти своїм шляхом.

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2529. break her foil, to мисл. бігти по то­ му ж самому сліду, по -одному й тому ж сліду.

2530. break (або fly) in (або into) flinders, to [тж. to break (або dash, tear) into (або to) flitters] розлетітися вдрізки.

2531. break in the clouds (тж. a bit of blue sky; a gleam of hope; a glitter of hope; the flush (або flash) of hope; light of hope; a ray of hope; a silver lining; a spark of hope; a straw of hope) перспектива на покращан­ ня; промінь надії [a silver lining є частиною прислів'я every cloud has a silver lining];

Willy Ray took note of this change in the girl, and thought he understood it. He accepted it as the one remaining gleam of hope and happiness for both of them amid the prevailing gloom (H. Caine).

As to all the child's play at Mrs. Wardrop's — she could, they told her, have only acquired at Mrs. Wardrop's knowledge of how not to do it. Once, or twice, there seemed a glimmer of hope (W. Maxwell).

"How is it," said I, "that the air in this place keeps fresh?"...

It' was wonderful what a change this faint light of hope produced in us. In a moment we were all creeping about on our hands and knees, trying to find the place where air came in (H. Ride Hag­gard).

2532. break into a grin, to посміхнутися (часто безглуздо або недоброзичливо); див. тж. В-2536;

The man broke into a kind of sheepish grin (A. Cronin).

2533. break (або burst) into a laugh (або laughter), to [тж. to burst into laugh (або laughter); to burst out laughing] засміятися, розсміятися, зайтися сміхом;

His Aunt Polly stood surprised a moment, and then broke into a gentle laugh (M. Twain).

Then walking again up to the window, and once more returning disappointed, he sighed deeply, and left the room; upon which the other two burst into a loud laugh (Ch. Dickens).

We three practical men burst out laughing (A. Doyle).

2534. break into an answer (або a reply), to відповідати, давати відповідь;

The committee was about to break into an angry reply to this brusque comment, but the chairman of the Electrical Company tapped his forehead to claim its indulgence for the crankiness of the speaker (A. Doyle).

. 2535. break into a run, to побігти;

Dave broke into a run (D. Carter). 2536. break into a smile, to посміхнутися; див. тж. В-2532;

But at the word "Good-bye," and although the piano sounded more desperate than ever, her face broke into a brilliant, dreadfully unsympathetic smile (K. Mansfield).

2537. break into flight, to тікати, кинутися навтіки; див. тж. В-431;

In five minutes Twala's regiments, taken on both flanks, broke into flight, and soon the whole plain between us and Loo was covered with groups of soldiers retreating in disorder towards Loo (H. Ride Haggard).

2538. break into flinders (або flitters), to див. В-2530.

2539. break into life, to заворушитися, по­ чати рухатися;

There was a movement forward. At that instant the wall-like rank of cavalrymen broke into life, and with sabres raised came thundering down on the demonstrators (G. Trease).

2540. break (або burst forth, burst) into sobs, to заридати, почати хлипати, схлипу­ вати;

She broke into sobs, and turned her back to him (Th. Hardy).

He burst into wailing sobs at the thoneht (H. Wood).

2541. break (або burst forth, burst) into song, to заспівати;

At the end their leader burst into song and all the men with him (H. Wells).

2542. break (або burst forth, burst) into speech, to заговорити, почати говорити;

From time to time, as I bounced upon the hard front seat, I stole inquiring glances at my compan­ion's expressionless profile, which, beneath his peaked cap, conveyed such an impression of leth­argy I hesitated to break into speech (A. Cronin).

At his words at least four members of the Com­mittee burst into speech (J. Galsworthy).

2543. break jail (або prison), to утекти з тюрми. -

2544. break loose, to вирватися на волю, з ланцюга зірватися;

Не seemed to have broken loose from himself altogether (7. Conrad).

2545. break new ground, to див. В-2526.

2546. break no bones, to не заподіяти шко­ ди, не бути 'шкідливим [частина прислів'я (hard) words break no bones].

2547. break of day, (the) (тж. заст. the breach of the day) світанок; див. тж. Р-278;

There were few folk in the"streets, for the toilers had all been absorbed since break of day by the huge, smoke-spouting monster, which sucked irt the manhood of the town (A. Doyle).

2548. break off a habit of (doing або say­ ing something), to кинути, облишити якусь звичку.

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2549. break one, break three ^ бий на щастя (кажуть, коли розбивається посуд).

2550. break one's back, to розгромити ко- тось, цілком зламати чийсь опір, загубити когось або себе; довести до банкрутства ко­ гось або себе;

Yes, it can be done, with all the luck in the world and if we break our backs (M. Wilson).

2551-. break one's brain (або brains), to див. А-129.

2552. break one's faith, to див. В-1842.

2553. break one's fast, to 1) перестати по­ стити, розговітися (звідси breakfast — сніда­ нок); 2) поснідати (тж. to break fast);

But when have you broken fast? (A. Doyle).

2554. break one's head, to див. А-129.

2555. break one's heart, to 1) див. В-725; 2) розбити чиєсь серце, загубити когось (тж. to break the heart of one; звідси heart- breaker— той, хто розбиває серце); див. тж. В-2556 та В-2868;

She's waited on you faithfully. It would break her heart if ye [= you] gave her up now (A. Cron-.in).

3) дуже засмутити, розстроїти когось (тж. to break the heart of one);

I'm not going to be left behind and break my heart waiting for letters (K. S. Prichard).

2556. break one's (або the) heartstrings, to (тж. to break the heartstrings of one) розм. розбити чиєсь серце; завдавати комусь ве- .ликого горя; див. тж. В-2555, 2).

2557. break one's mind (to one), to див. O-820.

2557. break one's neck, to зламати шию;

If he wants something he'll break his neck to get it (M. Wilson).

2559. break one's (або the) oath, to пору­ шити клятву;

Old Larry and his wife will not break that oath, and you — of course I can trust you (E. Lyall).

2560. break (або go back on) one's pro­ mise, to не виконати, порушити обіцянку, не додержати обіцянки; див. тж. К-213;

The Chevalier said that he, at least, would keep his word, and would black his own boots all his life^ rather than break his promise (W. Thackeray).

So I said it wouldn't be no use to try to play it any longer, and I would just make a clean breast and tell her everything, but she mustn't go back on her promise (M. Twain).

2561. break one's stride, to зупинитися, зупинити когось; припинити просування впе­ ред;

Then he tried, as an experiment, a short story, and before he broke his stride he had finished six short stories and despatched them to various maga­zines (J. London).