1. Make as many meaningful phrasal verbs as possible using the following verbs and propositions:

   to put	in(to)
   to make	out
   to hold	off
   to run	up (with)
   	away
   	from

2. Match the words:

   to work	solution
   to utilize	strategy
   to illustrate	control
   to meet	production
   to gain	three shifts
   to make	the demand
   to employ	the point
   to anticipate
   to regulate
   to predict
   to ensure
   to offer

3. Transform the following words into as many meaningful derivatives as possible using the given prefixes and suffixes:

   to put	in -
   to provide	un -
   to decide	out -
   to predict
   to change	-sion/ - (a)tion
   to control
   to reconstruct	- able/ - ible/ -uble
   to solve
   to reveal	- ive
   stable
   avail	-ize
   Maximum

4. Make your own sentences using a) the words from Words list, b) phrases from Exercise 1, c) the phrasal verbs from Exercise

5. Answer the following questions (* use them as material for discussion):

1. What problems can the bureaucracy solve to help the core technology operate more efficiently?

2. What can be the ways to organize a factory production, in order to cushion its core technology and at the same time to relate it to the environment?

3. Summarize the strategies that help an organization to deal with environmental contingencies.

4. What are the two major spheres of activities for an organization?

5. How can the divisions of an organization differ in their function?

1. Give the main idea of the text.

Section VI.6. Bureaucratic structure (p.107 – p.109)

Words:

heterogeneous

homogeneous

service

administrative

positioning

the military

surgeon

subunit

co-worker(s)

homogeneity

sequentiality

maximum

optimum

to specify smth.

Phrases:

to tend to do smth.

to minimize costs

to follow definite principles

reciprocally dependent

effectiveness costs

in concert

to move along to smth.

under the same rules

academic department

combat squad

commitment to smth.

need for smth.

to group together

standard of performance

direct monitoring

to follow the procedure

to hold smb. accountable for smth.

to waste time

Commentaries and notes:

Organizations tend to develop the separate units | to deal with the environment | (p. 106) - определение к слову "units", выраженное инфинитивом (см. Грамматика: раздел "Инфинитив").

Problems of general service... may require | that separate divisions be created | (p. 106) - сказуемое главного предложения вводит придаточное предложение, в котором употреблено сослагательное наклонение (см. Грамматика: раздел "Условные предложения"; ср. Section 4).

Some organizations are faced ¹ with simpler environments than others are ² (p. 106) - сказуемое придаточного предложения (2) (не приводится смысловая часть, т.к. она идентична смысловой части сказуемого главного предложения (1) - "faced"; см. Грамматика: раздел "Эмфатические конструкции").

Closely related ² to the organizational problem | | of which units to group together ³| | is ² the problem ¹ | | of how many units there should be ⁴. (p. 107) - 1) подлежащее главного предложения, 2) сказуемое главного предложения ("is related") - с инверсией (см. Грамматика: раздел "Эмфатические конструкции"), 3) определение к словосочетанию "the organizational problem", выраженное придаточным предложением (см. Грамматика: раздел "Эмфатические конструкции"), 4) определение к подлежащему главного предложения, выраженное придаточным предложением (см. Грамматика: раздел "Эмфатические конструкции").

The greater the commitment..., the less the need... (p. 107) - см. Грамматика: раздел "Эмфатические конструкции".

Exercises:

1. Find Russian equivalents for the following English phrases:

to follow definite principles, in concert with smth., co-worker, under the same rules, combat squad, standard of performance, the military, to hold smb. accountable for smth., effectiveness costs, to follow the procedure, reciprocally dependent, subunit, to tend to do smth., to move along to smth., need for smth., commitment to smth., direct monitoring, to waste time, to minimize costs.