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1. Read the text about the painter and answer the questions about him.

  1. Where was he born?

  2. When was he born?

  3. What do you learn about his childhood?

  4. Which people played a part in this career?

  5. What do you thinks were the most important events in this life?

  6. What do you learn of his works?

  7. When did he die?

8. Which of the following numbers or dates relate to Pablo Picasso? What do they refer to? 1881 1891 13 1937 11 6,000 1973 1926 50

2. Put the verbs in the correct form (be, do, have)

1. Pablo Picasso like going to school unless he allowed to take one of his father's pigeons with him.

2. His father_____ paint again after Pablo _____completed the picture of the pigeons.

3. Some paint spilt on the French Minister's trousers when he visiting Picasso.

The tretyakov gallery

In 2006 Moscow's Tretyakov Gallery will be 150 years old. It will be an important event in the cultural life of the capital. This largest collection of Russian pictorial art bears the name of its founder, Pavel Michailovich Tretyakov.

The merchant Tretyakov was a man who devoted his life to the creation of a national art gallery. At first, Tretyakov collected only the paintings of contemporary Russian masters and maintained particularly close ties with the Peredvizhniki. The largest art society of Russia in the second half of the 19th century, this group united nearly all progressive artists of that time. It received its name when, after its exhibitions in Moscow and Petersburg, it travelled from town to town and acquainted thousands with the works of the most advanced artists.

Tretyakov was personally connected with most of the Peredvizhniki, he attentively followed the progress of their work and bought the best of their paintings. Many pictures of the finest Russian painters, including Kramskoy, Repin, Surikov, Vereschagin, Victor Vasnetsov, Levitan, and Serov were bought by Tretyakov as soon as they were finished.

He also commissioned a series of portraits of outstanding men of Russian culture, a collection which has retained its value to the present day.

Ultimately, Tretyakov resolved to broaden the scope of his collection and began to acquire the paintings of masters of the 18th and the early 19th centuries. To these he added a collection of the finest works of the old Russian icon painters.

The gallery grew, and soon Tretyakov's home in Lavrushinsky Street could no longer hold all the pictures. The construction of a special hall for his paintings was begun in about 1870.

The main building which houses the collection today was designed by the painter Victor Vasnetsov, an authority on Old Russian architecture, and it is in this style that the gallery was built.

The range of the gallery was considerably widened in Soviet times. It now included widely representative collections of Russian sculptures, drawings, engravings, lithographs and water-colours.

From time to time the gallery arranges one-man expositions of the works of outstanding Russian artists and other masters. Other expositions are devoted to definite themes or genres: paintings on historical subjects, caricature, water-colours, and so on.

A Soviet art section added to the Tretykov Gallery originally contained the best works of artists done in the first decades of the Socialist state. This collection is constantly renewed with the finest works of modem artists. All-Russian Art Exhibitions, held at regular intervals to enable artists to demonstrate their achievements before the entire country, are likewise arranged at the Tretyakov Gallery.

Whereas the pictures were once hung side by side in three rows, the gallery long ago adopted the principle of widely spaced expositions: no more than two rows with wide intervals between the pictures. This enables the spectator to give undivided attention to each exhibit, to capture its individual meaning and character. The arrangement is chronological, except when it is desired to display the complete works of a single master.

The staff of the gallery do their best to popularize the art treasures of their native land. The museum receives more than a million visitors every year including more than ten thousand organized groups of visitors. The groups who come to the gallery for the first time are conducted about on a general survey to acquaint them with the finest and most important works of art. Other groups are given a more detailed view of various phases of Russian art.

The gallery besides arranging lectures for the visiting groups has a special auditorium where research workers lecture on the works of classic Russian painters, sculptors and graphic artists. These lectures are given in the halls exhibiting the works of the artist in question.

Intensive scientific work is conducted in the library and archives of the gallery which has a large fund of books and manuscripts.

The national treasure house of Russian art has indeed become a school of culture.