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2. Answer the questions:

1. What helped Maria Montessori to become a leading educator?

2. Why was her approach unique?

3. What methods of teaching did she use in her work?

4. How did she manage to change children for the better?

5. Find Maria Montessori’s characteristics as a highly qualified teacher?

3. Find the antonyms to the given words:

ignorant -

despair -

destroy -

to miss -

to have a fun -

disciplined -

worse -

4. Make up the plan to the text.

5. Give the summary of the text according to the plan.

SENSES WITH WHICH TO ENJOY LIFE

How do we know what is going on in the world around us? There are five main senses that help us enjoy the world. These are the senses of seeing, hear­ing, smelling, touching and taste.

With eyes we can see pictures, read words. We can see flowers and birds, the sun and the moon and the stars. We can see our dearest and nearest.

With ears we can hear our own voice and the voices of others. We can hear music that makes us feel happy or sad.

We are able to distinguish sweet from bitter, sour from fresh 'with our tongue.

With the nose we can smell good food cooking. We can smell flowers. And with the sense of touch one can find out if things are hot or cold.

Other senses

We also have other kinds of senses. Deep inside the body are nerves that tell us of the body needs. For example, we have a sense of hunger and thirst. These two senses let us know when it is time to eat and drink.

And we have a muscle sense that helps us com­pare the weight of two objects. If we lift two boxes of the same size, the muscle sense tells us which box is heavier than the other. The muscle sense also helps us control body movements. The muscle sense helps us walk or ride a bike without looking at our legs.

The muscle sense along with the sense of direction, helps us know which way is left and right, up and down, backward and forward.

One more sense we have is the sense of balance. In the inner ear are some hollow loops that are filled with liquid. The loops are called semicircular canals. They help us keep the balance when we walk, stand, or sit. When we twirl around, we shake up the liquid in the semicircular canals and then we feel dizzy and unsteady.

1. Answer the following questions.

1. How do your five main senses help you?

2. What can your senses tell you about objects?

3. What can you see with your eyes?

4. What things do you like to hear? What things do you not like to hear?

5. What things taste sweet? Sour? Salty? Bitter?

6. What do you especially like to smell?

7. How do other senses help protect you?

8. What part of the ear helps you keep your balance?

2. Translate.

1. Наш язик відрізняє солодке від гіркого, прокисше від свіжого.

2. За допомогою дотику ми можемо визначити холодний предмет або гарячий.

3. Почуття голоду або спраги подає нам сигнал про те, що настав час поїсти або попити що-небудь.

4. Якщо ми піднімаємо однакові за розміром коробки, напруга наших м'язів показує нам, яка з коробок важче.

5. Коли ми кружляємося, ми струшуємо рідину, що знаходиться в напівкружних каналах, і тому почуваємо запаморочення і нестійкість.

3. Make up the plan to the text.

4. Give the summary of the text according to the plan.

WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT POP MUSIC?

Everybody likes music: some people enjoy classical music, others are fond of pop music. For some of them, music is a voice for their thoughts and feelings. For others, it's a harmless way to relax and have fun. So many people, so many opinions; you can sometimes understand better the inner world of a person when you speak on many different subjects, but that can take time. So music can be a shorthand way to see if that person or your friend shares your values or not.

Suppose that a friend of yours says the following about pop music:

1."I don't understand why some people take music so seriously. I've got friends who are like that. They criticize new records − analyse what lyrics mean – argue about which songs are better than others... it drives me crazy! Why can't they just relax and have fun?"

2. "For me, pop is a kind of global language. A really unusual, exciting one too. It cuts across all the barriers − age, colour, class, sex, religion and brings people together. I think that's why everyone likes it so much. It's a way of sharing all our hopes and fears."

3. "I don't listen to much rock and pop these days, І prefer classical music. Why? Well pop has lost its direction, I think. Everything's controlled by Machines and technology. Ten or twenty years ago there were real artists writing real songs − now all you get is synthesizers and dance music. It's like everything sounds the same."

4. "I think pop music is better today than ever before. There are stars from all over the world − lots of different styles and images – it's great! Yes, of course there's a lot of rubbish, too, but so what? There always was and there always will be. What you have to do is choose, not complain. Pop's like a big fun-fair. If уоu can't have a good time it's nobody's fault but yours.

What words would you say to reply?

Whose opinion can you share?