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Chapter 10 825

17Name the four methods a Catalyst 3550 can use to classify traffic.

CoS values

IP precedence values IP DSCP values

IP access Lists

18What command enables QoS on the Catalyst 3524?

QoS is enabled by default in a Catalyst 3524. No command is needed.

Q&A

LAN QoS Concepts

1What is instantaneous buffer overrun?

Instantaneous buffer overrun occurs when a switch port TX queue fills for an instant causing packet loss, which can adversely affect real-time applications. In a VoIP conversation, for example, 40 ms of congestion causes an audible clip in the conversation.

2What is meant by the term “1p1q4t?”

This term denotes an interface that has a priority queue, a standard queue, and four drop thresholds.

3What packet or frame marking(s) can a Layer 2 switch use to prioritize traffic?

CoS only.

4What packet or frame marking(s) can a Layer 3 switch use to prioritize traffic?

CoS, IP precedence, or IP DSCP.

5What must be done for a Layer 2 switch to properly classify a packet received from a host across the WAN?

The router must map the IP precedence or IP DCSP value on the packet into a CoS value for the Layer 2 switch to properly classify the packet.

6For a Layer 2 switch to receive a CoS value from a router, what must exist?

An 802.1Q trunk must exist between the router and switch for the CoS value to be present.

826 Appendix A: Answers to the “Do I Know This Already?” Quizzes and Q&A Sections

7What type of router interface supports an 802.1Q trunk to a Layer 3 switch?

An Ethernet subinterface must exist on the router to form an 802.1Q trunk with a Layer 2 switch.

8What is a drop threshold?

Drop thresholds define the amount of the total Layer 2 buffer use that must be reached before a specified class of traffic is dropped.

9What is a trust boundary, and where should it be set?

A trust boundary is the first point in your network where you trust the CoS or ToS markings. Typically this point is on the IP Phones or access layer switches.

Catalyst 6500 Series of Switches

10Name three of the five fields that the Policy Feature Card (PFC) rewrites to perform Layer 3 switching.

Layer 2 (MAC) Destination Address Layer 2 (MAC) Source Address Layer 3 IP Time-to-Live (TTL) Layer 3 Checksum

Layer 2 (MAC) Checksum (also called the frame checksum or FCS)

11Explain why the first packet in a flow may not retain the proper CoS values when a Catalyst 6500 is configured with a PFC.

If this flow is not in the flow cache of the PFC or the CEF FIB of the PFC2, the first packet of the flow is forwarded to the MSFC for a routing decision. After a routing decision has been made, the fist packet in the flow is routed to the correct interface. This rewrites the CoS value to 0. The routing decision populates the flow cache or the CEF FIB, causing subsequent packets to be switched and thereby retain the original CoS value.

12What is the difference between Hybrid mode and Native mode?

Hybrid mode refers to the Catalyst operating system, whereas Native mode refers to an IOS operating system on the Catalyst 6500 series switches.

13What command is used on a Catalyst 6500 running in Hybrid mode to place ports 2/1 through 2/10 in VLAN 10?

set port auxiliaryvlan 2/1-10 10

Chapter 10 827

14What command enables QoS on a 6500 running in Native mode? mls qos

15What queue and threshold is recommended for call control traffic on a Catalyst 6500?

2q1t

16Which series of Ethernet line cards are preferred in the Catalyst 6500 series for QoS? Why?

The 65xx series of Ethernet line cards are preferred due to the increase in buffer size and the addition of a priority queue.

Catalyst 4500/4000 Series of Switches

17Which supervisor engine is preferred on the Catalyst 4500/4000 series? Why?

The Supervisor Engine III or the Supervisor Engine IV are preferred because of the addition of a priority queue, three standard queues, and the ability to use QoS access lists.

18In which queue number does the priority queue reside on a Catalyst 4500 or 4000 with a Supervisor II Engine?

There is no priority queue on a Catalyst 4500 or 4000 with a Supervisor II Engine.

19In which queue number does the priority queue reside on a Catalyst 4500 or 4000 with a Supervisor III Engine?

The priority queue in a Catalyst 4500 or 4000 with a Supervisor III Engine resides in Queue 3.

20What keyword(s) is used to enable the priority queue on a Catalyst 4500 or 4000 with a Supervisor III module?

tx-queue 3 priority high

21Name the four methods a Catalyst 4500 with a Supervisor III uses to classify traffic.

CoS values

IP precedence values IP DSCP values

IP ACLs

22What command enables you to rewrite a the CoS value of a PC attached to an IP Phone with Catalyst IOS switches?

switchport priority extend cos

828 Appendix A: Answers to the “Do I Know This Already?” Quizzes and Q&A Sections

23What trust state are the ports if a 4500 with a Supervisor III in when QoS is enabled?

Untrusted.

24What is dynamic buffer limiting?

DBL is an automated algorithm that manages misbehaving traffic flows by tracking the buffering for each traffic flow and limiting the flow if excessive demands are placed on a buffer.

Catalyst 3550/3524 Series of Switches

25In which queue number does the priority queue reside on a Catalyst 3550?

The priority queue in a Catalyst 3550 resides in Queue 4.

26What command enables QoS on the Catalyst 3550? mls qos

27What trust state are the ports of a 3550 in when QoS is enabled?

Untrusted.

28Name the four methods a Catalyst 3550 can use to classify traffic.

CoS values

IP precedence values IP DSCP values

IP ACLs

29What command enables QoS on the Catalyst 3524?

QoS is enabled by default in a Catalyst 3524. No command is needed.

30When is a GigaStack GBIC module an acceptable QoS choice for cascading Catalyst 3524 switches together?

The GigaStack modules are acceptable for QoS under either of the two following conditions:

The Catalyst 3524 switches are cascaded using both ports of the GigaStack modules causing half-duplex connections; however, no real-time applications are present on the network.

The Catalyst 3524 switches are cascaded using only a single port of the GigaStack modules, resulting in full-duplex connections. Real-time applications can be present on the network.

A P P E N D I X B

Topics on the CCIP QoS Exam

The CCIP QoS exam covers some topics that are not covered on the DQOS exam. As stated in the Introduction to this book, the core chapters of this book focus on the more widely popular DQOS exam. However, some of you may be studying for the less-popular QoS exam, so this appendix covers many of the topics on the QoS exam, but not on the DQOS exam.

Keep in mind that, when the exams change, you should check both www.cisco.com and www.ciscopress.com for more information. The Cisco website is the main authoritative source for information about all Cisco exams. Additionally, the next time these exams change, the authors of this book will post information at www.ciscopress.com/1587200589 about the changes. Included there will be information about the specific changes to the exams, and how best to use your book to pass the revised exam(s).

This appendix includes two sections. One covers a classification and marking tool, and the other section covers several queuing tools. Each section includes explanations and configuration examples as appropriate. Questions are included at the end of each section, not at the end of the appendix, so that you can consider questions for each general topic area. The answers are included in the chapter for your convenience.