- •He letter .
- •Передмова
- •Checks and balances
- •System of government in britain
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from the text above.
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from the text above.
- •I think that... In my opinion... To my mind,... I believe that... I can't be certain, but I think... Personally, I feel that...
- •Vocabulary КонгресEnglish - ukrainian
- •Конгрес
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •8. You will hear the speaker talking about the way bills become laws in Ukraine. Listen to the text twice and then describe the legislative procedure using the scheme below.
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •In the text below, find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Legislative powers of the president
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •In the text below, find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Department of defense
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •Royal prerogative
- •In the text below find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Privy council
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •In the text below, find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Exemplifying
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from the text above.
- •Executive-Legislative Relations in us and European Models
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •Political parties in the usa
- •The republican party
- •Describing past habits
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •Elections in the usa
- •Presidential elections
- •Congressional elections
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •I think that... In my opinion ... To my mind, ... I believe that... I can't be certain, but I think ... Personally, I feel that... I could be wrong, but I think ... I personally think ...
- •If you want to know what I think, ... Not everybody will agree with me, but...
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •Asking for explanations
- •Giving explanations
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word
- •General elections
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •I think that... In my opinion ... To my mind,... I believe that... I can't be certain, but I think ... Personally, I feel that... I could be wrong, but I think ... I personally think ...
- •If you want to know what I think,... Not everybody will agree with me, but...
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •Elections in ukraine
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •The priciples of government
- •Provisions for amendment
- •Constitutional interpretation
- •8. Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •The principles of the constitution
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •What it is fine in principle, is hard to do in practice
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •Inferior courts in england and wales
- •In such a way that / in such a way as to (in the meaning “ with the result that “).
- •Vocabulary
- •Changing the subject
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •4. Listen to the text on the pretrial conference in civil cases in the usa and fill in the gaps.
- •Vocabulary
- •Legal aid
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •3. For questions 1-22, read the text below and then decide which word best fits each space. The exercise begins with an example (0).
- •Showing surprise
- •Vocabulary
- •5. Work in pairs. Fill in the table below on the basis of exercises 2-4.
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •The man in court
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •How evidence is presented
- •Vocabulary
- •Inadmissible (evidence) incompetent (evidence) invalid (evidence) irrelevant (evidence) mistrial objection
- •Importance of evidence
- •Improper (evidence) inadmissible; incompetent circumstantial evidence bear
- •In the box.
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •V. Discharge of the obligation.
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •9. Work in pairs. Using the text in exercise 7, fill in the table below and then describe the burden of the prosecution and defense in criminal cases.Translate into English
- •Kinds of crimes
- •Vocabulary
- •Illegal conduct
- •Inciting to violence
- •Inherent
- •Inherent powers menacing threats minor misdemeanors
- •Illegal conduct obscenity
- •What are white collar crimes generally?
- •Vocabulary
- •Internal Revenue Service (irs)
- •Violation of trust
- •Violation of trust white collar crimes cybercrime
- •Incarceration
- •Vocabulary
Vocabulary
bring a motion bring before a court circumstances clerical error conclude a trial handle the trial
disregard the lack of evidence dissatisfy with the end result enter a verdict entry of a judgment essential element extend
extreme decisions
file a motion with a court
find in one’s favor
following a verdict
formalize
fraud
go against the weight of the evidence
grant a motion
ground
improper
induce
judgment
lodging of an appeal motion
motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict
motion to amend or nullify the judgment
movant
nonmovant
obtain
overrule a decision overturn a decision post-trial motion
prerequisite procedural device production of the evidence reasonable jury reverse
set aside a verdict support a verdict unfair
подавати клопотання подавати до суду обставини
канцелярська помилка
закінчувати судовий розгляд справи
розглядати судову справу
ігнорувати недостатність доказів
не задовольнятися кінцевим результатом
винести вердикт
винесення судового рішення
суттєвий елемент
подовжувати
крайні рішення
подавати клопотання до суду
вирішувати на користь (когось)
після винесення вердикту
формалізувати
обман
суперечити сукупності доказів
задовольняти клопотання
підстава
неналежний
примушувати
судове рішення
подача апеляції
клопотання
клопотання про рішення всупереч вердикту присяжних
клопотання про зміну або скасування судового рішення
сторона, що подає клопотання
сторона, що не подає клопотання
отримувати
скасовувати рішення
скасовувати винесене рішення
клопотання, заявлене після закінчення
судового розгляду
необхідна передумова
процедурний засіб
пред’явлення доказів
помірковане журі
скасовувати, змінювати
скасовувати вердикт
обґрунтовувати вердикт
несправедливий
UKRAINIAN - ENGLISH
винесення судового рішення entry of a judgment
винести вердикт enter a verdict
вирішувати на користь (когось) find in one’s favor
задовольняти клопотання grant a motion
закінчувати судовий розгляд справи conclude a trial
ігнорувати недостатність доказів канцелярська помилка клопотання
клопотання про зміну або скасування судового рішення
клопотання про рішення всупереч вердикту присяжних
клопотання, заявлене після закінчення судового розгляду крайні рішення
не задовольнятися кінцевим результатом
неналежний
необхідна передумова
несправедливий
обґрунтовувати вердикт
обман
обставини
отримувати
підстава
після винесення вердикту подавати клопотання подавати клопотання до суду подавати до суду подача апеляції подовжувати помірковане журі пред’явлення доказів примушувати процедурний засіб розглядати судову справу скасовувати вердикт скасовувати винесене рішення змінювати (винесене рішення) сторона, що не подає клопотання сторона, що подає клопотання судове рішення суперечити сукупності доказів суттєвий елемент формалізувати
disregard the lack of evidence
clerical error
motion
motion to amend or nullify the judgment
motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict
post-trial motion
extreme decisions
dissatisfy with the end result
improper
prerequisite
unfair
support a verdict fraud
circumstances
obtain
ground
following a verdict
bring a motion
file a motion with a court
bring before a court
lodging of an appeal
extend
reasonable jury production of the evidence induce
procedural device handle the trial set aside a verdict
overturn a decision; overrule a decision
reverse (a decision)
nonmovant
movant
judgment
go against the weight of the evidence
essential element
formalize
ч ^ г--
MODULE
4
LESSON 1. OFFENSIVE MATERIALS
PART 1. THE UHBEARAR1E BURDEN Of PROOF
Work in pairs. What do you think is a ‘crime’? If a driver ran over a pedestrian, is it a ‘crime’? Why or why not? Read the text below and fill in the table below.
Two things are required for a criminal offense. First, there must be a guilty act, i.e. an act or conduct prohibited by law, or a failure to do some duty required by law. Second, at the time of the act or conduct the actor must have a certain guilty state of mind. For example, a person might cause another’s death. Causing the death of another person is the guilty act involved in the crime of murder. However, accidentally causing the death of another person is not murder. The actor did not have the required guilty state of mind. Purposely causing the death of a person is murder because the guilty act (causing the death) and the guilty state of mind (the purpose or intent) coincide. As another example, a person might actually plan to steal, and therefore have a guilty mind. However, such a person has not committed a crime until he or she actually takes something while having a guilty mind. The US law defines four types (degrees) of guilty mind: purpose, knowledge, recklessness, and negligence. At least one of these states must be present when a person does a prohibited act. The prohibited act or omission is not a crime if one or more of the guilty states of mind is not present. The exceptions occur in the definitions of certain crimes, which impose strict liability, dealing with public health and safety. For example, selling impure food is a violation of the laws, even if the seller did not know the food was spoiled.
Things required for an act to be a ‘crime’: (1)
or (2)
(3)
Types of guilty mind: 1) (2) (3 ) (4)
Exceptions:
Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
Guilty act, conduct, failure to do some duty, actor, guilty mind, cause another’s death, murder, accidentally, intent coincide, steal, commit a crime, purpose, knowledge, recklessness, negligence, prohibited act, omission, impose strict liability, public health and safety, impure, violation of laws.
Work in pairs. Using the table you have filled in, describe what a ‘crime’ is. Use your own example instead of the one provided in the text of exercise 1.
Listen to the text on the levels of guilty mind and write down the definitions and examples of each of them.
The three levels of guilty mind are:
HE LETTER . 1
OF THE LAW 1
PREFACE 8
MODULE 1 14
THE SHIP OF STATE NEVER SLOWS DOWN IN A FOG 14
LESSON 1. GOVERNMENT IS KNOWN BY THE COUNTRY IT KEEPS 14
LESSON 2 A SUCCESSFUL EXECUTIVE DELEGATES ALL RESPONSIBILITY 67
MODULE 2 186
THE RULE OF LAW 186
LESSON 1. THE SUPREME LAW OF THE LAND 186
module з і 361
THE TIMES OF TRIAL 361
LESSON 2. EVIDENCE IS NOT ALWAYS PROOF 382
LESSON 3. EXPERT’S REPUTATION IS RASED ON WNAT OTHERS DO NOT KNOW 403
LESSON 4. OUR DECISION IS ‘MAYBE’ - AND THAT’S FINAL 426
TIME IS MONEY, BUT NOT IN JAIL 466
LESSON 1. OFFENSIVE MATERIALS 466
Example
of ACTING WITH THE INTENT to kill:
RECKLESSNESS is acting
Example of RECKLESSNESS:
Criminal RECKLESSNESS requires that
CRIMINAL NEGLIGENCE than RECKLESSNESS.
CRIMINAL NEGLIGENCE happens when defendants , but they
NEGLIGENCE is not a state of mind, but
EXAMPLE OF CRIMINAL NEGLIGENCE is when
Study the pictures below and decide which levels of guilty mind may the offenders have. Give your reasons. There are may be different interpretations in each case.
Divide the class into three groups. Each group has to present their own example of a specific level of guilty mind (Group 1 - of intent, Group 2 - of criminal recklessness, Group 3 - of criminal negligence). Then discuss the examples with the whole class.
Work in pairs. Read the text below. In most lines there is one unnecessary word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the sense of the text. For each numbered line 1-20 find this word and correct it. Some lines may be all right. The exercise begins with an example (0). Example: 0 - prosecuting (notprosecution).
PROSECUTION
DEFENSE
ACCUSED
HE LETTER . 1
OF THE LAW 1
PREFACE 8
MODULE 1 14
THE SHIP OF STATE NEVER SLOWS DOWN IN A FOG 14
LESSON 1. GOVERNMENT IS KNOWN BY THE COUNTRY IT KEEPS 14
LESSON 2 A SUCCESSFUL EXECUTIVE DELEGATES ALL RESPONSIBILITY 67
MODULE 2 186
THE RULE OF LAW 186
LESSON 1. THE SUPREME LAW OF THE LAND 186
module з і 361
THE TIMES OF TRIAL 361
LESSON 2. EVIDENCE IS NOT ALWAYS PROOF 382
LESSON 3. EXPERT’S REPUTATION IS RASED ON WNAT OTHERS DO NOT KNOW 403
LESSON 4. OUR DECISION IS ‘MAYBE’ - AND THAT’S FINAL 426
TIME IS MONEY, BUT NOT IN JAIL 466
LESSON 1. OFFENSIVE MATERIALS 466
Beyond a reasonable doubt; cast a reasonable doubt; win acquittal; burden of proving; human affairs; open to some doubt; common sense; without producing a single witness; fatally weak; cross-examination; undermine the evidence; refute the evidence; burden of going forward with the evidence; basic task; degree of proof; preponderance of the evidence; establish the affirmative defense; bear the risk of falling; self-defense; defense of necessity; defense of duress.