- •He letter .
- •Передмова
- •Checks and balances
- •System of government in britain
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from the text above.
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from the text above.
- •I think that... In my opinion... To my mind,... I believe that... I can't be certain, but I think... Personally, I feel that...
- •Vocabulary КонгресEnglish - ukrainian
- •Конгрес
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •8. You will hear the speaker talking about the way bills become laws in Ukraine. Listen to the text twice and then describe the legislative procedure using the scheme below.
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •In the text below, find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Legislative powers of the president
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •In the text below, find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Department of defense
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •Royal prerogative
- •In the text below find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Privy council
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •In the text below, find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Exemplifying
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from the text above.
- •Executive-Legislative Relations in us and European Models
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •Political parties in the usa
- •The republican party
- •Describing past habits
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •Elections in the usa
- •Presidential elections
- •Congressional elections
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •I think that... In my opinion ... To my mind, ... I believe that... I can't be certain, but I think ... Personally, I feel that... I could be wrong, but I think ... I personally think ...
- •If you want to know what I think, ... Not everybody will agree with me, but...
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •Asking for explanations
- •Giving explanations
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word
- •General elections
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •I think that... In my opinion ... To my mind,... I believe that... I can't be certain, but I think ... Personally, I feel that... I could be wrong, but I think ... I personally think ...
- •If you want to know what I think,... Not everybody will agree with me, but...
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •Elections in ukraine
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •The priciples of government
- •Provisions for amendment
- •Constitutional interpretation
- •8. Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •The principles of the constitution
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •What it is fine in principle, is hard to do in practice
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •Inferior courts in england and wales
- •In such a way that / in such a way as to (in the meaning “ with the result that “).
- •Vocabulary
- •Changing the subject
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •4. Listen to the text on the pretrial conference in civil cases in the usa and fill in the gaps.
- •Vocabulary
- •Legal aid
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •3. For questions 1-22, read the text below and then decide which word best fits each space. The exercise begins with an example (0).
- •Showing surprise
- •Vocabulary
- •5. Work in pairs. Fill in the table below on the basis of exercises 2-4.
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •The man in court
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •How evidence is presented
- •Vocabulary
- •Inadmissible (evidence) incompetent (evidence) invalid (evidence) irrelevant (evidence) mistrial objection
- •Importance of evidence
- •Improper (evidence) inadmissible; incompetent circumstantial evidence bear
- •In the box.
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •V. Discharge of the obligation.
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •9. Work in pairs. Using the text in exercise 7, fill in the table below and then describe the burden of the prosecution and defense in criminal cases.Translate into English
- •Kinds of crimes
- •Vocabulary
- •Illegal conduct
- •Inciting to violence
- •Inherent
- •Inherent powers menacing threats minor misdemeanors
- •Illegal conduct obscenity
- •What are white collar crimes generally?
- •Vocabulary
- •Internal Revenue Service (irs)
- •Violation of trust
- •Violation of trust white collar crimes cybercrime
- •Incarceration
- •Vocabulary
Vocabulary
additional material admission admit agreement
alternative dispute resolution
ancillary
answer
arbitration
bar
question
removed
bring a civil lawsuit by means challenge (v) claim
commit a crime
compel
complaint
conclude
contested issues
counterclaim
court reporter
creative resolution
criminal prosecution
cross-claim
defendant
definite
deny
deposition
disclosure
discourage
discovery
dismiss
environment
evidence
expenses
expert witness
facilitator
false imprisonment
file (a claim)
hospital records
injured party
inspection
interrogations
irrelevant material
libel
litigation
malicious prosecution
mediation
mediator
ENGLISH - UKRAINIAN
додатковий матеріал по справі визнання
визнавати (правомірність тощо) угода, договір
альтернативне вирішення спору допоміжний
письмові пояснення (відповідача)
арбітраж
перешкоджати
допитувати
вилучати (із справи)
порушувати цивільну справу
за допомогою
відводити (заяву, суддю, свідка, тощо)
вимога, скарга, претензія
вчиняти злочин
примушувати
позовна заява, скарга
укладати (договір)
спірні питання
зустрічний позов
судовий секретар
творче розв’язання (конфлікту)
кримінальні переслідування
перехресний позов (до співпозивача тощо)
відповідач, обвинувачений
чіткий
спростовувати,заперечувати
запротокольоване (під присягою) свідчення
розкриття (документів тощо)
знеохочувати
збирання документів
відхиляти
оточення
докази, свідчення
витрати
свідок-експерт
помічник, посередник
незаконне позбавлення волі
подавати (позов)
матеріали судової справи, отримані після медичного обстеження психічного або фізичного стану учасника справи потерпіла сторона перевірка
опитувальний перелік
матеріал, що не має відношення до справи
пасквіль, письмовий наклеп
судовий спір
зловмисні судові переслідування
посередництво
посередник
медична експертиза міні-судовий процес клопотання переговори
medical
examination
mini-trials
motion
negotiation
neutral
third party
notified
obtain
opportunity
opposing
party
party
permit
personal
injury
plaintiff
pleading
prayer
preserve
pretrial
activity
pretrial
conference
procedural
questions
professional
malpractice
promote
property
damage
propounded
provide
range
real
estate
realistic
evaluation
reasonable
recover
relief
(n)
request
resolve
conflict settle
simplification
slander
special
damages
statute
of limitations
subject
sue
suit
summary
judgment
summary
jury trial
supplant
supplement (v) testimony time limit transcribe trial
typewritten
form
under
oath
unexcused
unreasonable
delay
vague
witness
written
contract
повідомлений
отримувати
можливість
супротивна сторона
сторона (у справі)
дозволяти
тілесні ушкодження
позивач
заява (письмова)
прохання
зберігати
досудова діяльність досудова нарада процедурні питання професійна некомпетентність сприяти
завдання шкоди майну
запропонований
забезпечувати
діапазон
нерухомість
реальне оцінювання
обґрунтований
стягувати судовим порядком
відшкодування
робити запит
вирішувати суперечку
вирішувати
спрощення
наклеп
незвичайні збитки
закон про давність позову
предмет
переслідувати у судовому порядку судовий процес
винесення рішення за процедурою спрощеного судочинства
судовий процес за спрощеною процедурою
судочинства з участю присяжних
замінити
доповнювати
свідчення (свідка)
часові обмеження
протоколювати
судовий процес
друкована форма
під присягою
без вагомих підстав
незаконне відкладення (розгляду справи)
нечітко визначений
свідок
письмовий контракт
UKRAINIAN - ENGLISH
альтернативне вирішення спору |
alternative dispute resolution |
арбітраж |
arbitration |
без вагомих підстав |
unexcused |
визнавати (правомірність тощо) |
admit |
визнання |
admission |
вилучати (із справи) |
removed |
вимога |
claim |
винесення рішення за процедурою спрощеного |
summary judgment |
судочинства |
|
вирішувати (суперечку) |
settle; resolve (conflict) |
витрати |
expenses |
відводити (заяву, суддю, свідка, тощо) |
challenge (v) |
відповідач |
defendant |
відхиляти |
dismiss |
відшкодування |
relief (n) |
вчиняти злочин |
commit a crime |
діапазон |
range |
договір |
agreement |
додатковий матеріал по справі |
additional material |
дозволяти |
permit |
докази |
evidence |
допитувати |
question |
доповнювати |
supplement (v) |
допоміжний |
ancillary |
досудова діяльність |
pretrial activity |
досудова нарада |
pretrial conference |
друкована форма |
typewritten form |
за допомогою |
by means |
забезпечувати |
provide |
завдання шкоди майну |
property damage |
закон про давність позову |
statute of limitations |
замінювати |
supplant |
заперечувати |
deny |
запропонований |
propounded |
запротокольоване (під присягою) свідчення |
deposition |
заява (письмова) |
pleading |
зберігати |
preserve |
збирання документів |
discovery |
зловмисні судові переслідування |
malicious prosecution |
знеохочувати |
discourage |
зустрічний позов |
counterclaim |
клопотання |
motion |
кримінальні переслідування |
criminal prosecution |
матеріал, що не має відношення до справи |
irrelevant material |
матеріали судової справи, отримані після |
hospital records |
медичного обстеження учасника справи |
|
медична експертиза |
medical examination |
міні-судовий процес |
mini-trials |
можливість |
opportunity |
наклеп |
slander |
незаконне відкладення (розгляду справи) |
unreasonable delay |
незаконне позбавлення волі |
false imprisonment |
незвичайні збитки |
special damages |
нейтральна третя сторона (в суді) |
neutral third party |
нерухомість |
real estate |
нечітко визначений |
vague |
обвинувачений |
defendant |
обґрунтований |
reasonable |
опитувальний перелік |
interrogations |
оточення |
environment |
отримувати |
obtain |
пасквіль |
libel |
перевірка |
inspection |
переговори |
negotiation |
переслідувати у судовому порядку |
sue |
перехресний позов (до співпозивача тощо) |
cross-claim |
перешкоджати |
bar |
письмовий контракт |
written contract |
письмовий наклеп |
libel |
письмові пояснення (відповідача) |
answer |
під присягою |
under oath |
повідомлений |
notified |
подавати (позов) |
file (a claim) |
позивач |
plaintiff |
позовна заява |
complaint |
помічник |
facilitator |
порушувати цивільну справу |
bring a civil lawsuit |
посередник |
facilitator; mediator |
посередництво |
mediation |
потерпіла сторона |
injured party |
предмет |
subject |
претензія |
claim |
примушувати |
compel |
протоколювати |
transcribe |
професійна некомпетентність |
professional malpractice |
прохання |
prayer |
процедурні питання |
procedural questions |
реальне оцінювання |
realistic evaluation |
робити запит |
request |
розкриття (документів тощо) |
disclosure |
свідок |
witness |
свідок-експерт |
expert witness |
свідчення |
evidence |
свідчення (свідка) |
testimony |
скарга |
claim; complaint |
спірні питання |
contested issues |
сприяти |
promote |
спростовувати |
deny |
спрощення |
simplification |
сторона (у справі) |
party |
стягувати судовим порядком |
recover |
судова справа |
suit |
судовий процес |
trial |
судовий процес за спрощеною процедурою |
summary jury trial |
з присяжними |
|
судовий секретар |
court reporter |
судовий спір |
litigation |
супротивна сторона |
opposing party |
творче розв’язання (конфлікту) |
creative resolution |
тілесні ушкодження |
personal injury |
угода |
agreement |
укладати (договір) |
conclude |
часові обмеження |
time limit |
чіткий |
definite |
Work in pairs. Make a list of things that may be different in the UK civil procedure as compared to the USA. Listen to other students’ ideas and add them to your list.
Work in pairs. In the text below find the synonyms and antonyms of the words in the box.
admission give answer get situation affirm definite delivery start decision prolongation filing aim injured perspective
organization failure to respond
Civil law is concerned mostly with disputes between individuals or corporate bodies. Action is taken by the aggrieved party. Most claims are initiated by the use of a claim form, which functions as a summons. The claim form can be used for different types of claim, for example for specified or unspecified monetary sums, or for the claimant to ask the court to make an order. Once a claim has been filed with a court, a copy is served on the defendant with a response pack inviting them to either admit the claim, using a form of admission, or to defend it, using a form of defence. The response pack also contains an acknowledgement of service form to confirm receipt of the claim, and a counterclaim form for the defendant to use if they wish to claim against the claimant. A defendant must respond within 14 days of service of the particulars of the claim. The defendant may be able to get a time extension for filing a reply on defence by using the part of the acknowledgement of service form which states an intention to defend the claim. If a defendant does not reply to the claim, the claimant may obtain a default judgment. The court will award judgment in his favour without the trial. If a defendant wishes to defend the claim, but he has no real defence to it, the court may decide the claim without a trial by giving summary judgment. The court may give summary judgment against the claimant if it appears that his claim has no reasonable prospect of succeeding. Successful actions taken in the civil courts can result in damages being awarded to the person pursuing the claim. The amount being awarded varies according to the circumstances of each case.
For questions 1-17, read the text below and then decide which word best fits each space.
The exercise begins with an example (0).
If an individual or a (0) body has violated laws relating to people’s rights
and to agreements between individuals the (1) may take (2) in a
civil court against them. The party who initiates the (3) is referred to as claimant,
and the opposite party is called the (4). The (5) fills in the claim
form stating the nature of the claim and the remedy, and then a copy is (6) on the
defendant. Along with a copy of the claim form the defendant receives a response
(7) which contains the following forms: a form of admission used to (8) the claim,
a form of (9) which is filled in to defend the claim, a (10) form for
the defendant to use if they wish to claim against the claimant and an (11) of
service form to (12) receipt of the claim. The claim must be responded by the
defendant within 14 days of service of the (13) of the claim, otherwise the court
will award a (14) judgment in claimant’s favour. The defendant may wish to
defend the claim not having real defence to it. In this case the court may give a
(15) judgment, that is decide the claim without a trial. Summary judgment may be given against
the claimant if the court finds that the claim has no (16) prospect of
(17).
0 |
A. corporate |
B. corporal |
C. cooperative |
D. corroborative |
1 |
A. agreed |
B. achieved |
C. aggrieved |
D. agitated |
2 |
A. act |
B. action |
C. motion |
D. protection |
3 |
A. bail |
B. blame |
C. claim |
D. clam |
4 |
A. defender |
B. defendant |
C. offender |
D. offended |
5 |
A. figurant |
B. servant |
C. layman |
D. claimant |
6 |
A. served |
B.reserved |
C. preserved |
D.received |
7 |
A.lack |
B.sack |
C. stack |
D. pack |
8 |
A. remit |
B. admit |
C. transmit |
D. permit |
9 |
A. sentence |
B. pretence |
C. defence |
D. offence |
10 |
A. countercharge |
B. counterclaim |
C. counterpart |
D. countercheck |
11 |
A. |
B. lodgement |
C. acquirement |
D. requirement |
|
acknowledgement |
|
|
|
12 |
A. prove |
B. testify |
C. confirm |
D. indicate |
13 |
A. articles |
B. particles |
C. particulars |
D. peculiarities |
14 |
A. defunct |
B. default |
C. fault |
D. false |
15 |
A. subsidiary |
B. primary |
C. preliminary |
D. summary |
16 |
A. predictable |
B. probable |
C.reasonable |
D. visible |
17 |
A. succeeding |
B. exceeding |
C. proceeding |
D. preceding |
Listen to the text on civil justice in the UK and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
(2) courts and the High Court, with the High Court
(3) the more substantial and (4) cases. In
Scotland, the bulk of civil business is handled in the (5) court.
All cases concerning goods, (6), debt repayment,
(7), are subject to Civil Procedure Rules. The Rules, which
(8) in 1999 in England and Wales, made radical
(9) to civil process in the County Court and the High Court.
The judge (10) the role of case (11).
The court sets a (12) for litigation, with the parties being
under an (13) to the court to adhere to timescales which
control the progress of the case. Procedure rules are (14) by
detailed instructions made by the judge which (15) the rules,
known as practice directions. Cases must be on the balance of probabilities.
Probability that the defendant is (16) must be more than 50 per cent.
Most civil (17) do not go to court at all, and most of those which do, do
HE LETTER . 1
OF THE LAW 1
PREFACE 8
MODULE 1 14
THE SHIP OF STATE NEVER SLOWS DOWN IN A FOG 14
LESSON 1. GOVERNMENT IS KNOWN BY THE COUNTRY IT KEEPS 14
LESSON 2 A SUCCESSFUL EXECUTIVE DELEGATES ALL RESPONSIBILITY 67
MODULE 2 186
THE RULE OF LAW 186
LESSON 1. THE SUPREME LAW OF THE LAND 186
module з і 364
THE TIMES OF TRIAL 364
LESSON 2. EVIDENCE IS NOT ALWAYS PROOF 386
LESSON 3. EXPERT’S REPUTATION IS RASED ON WNAT OTHERS DO NOT KNOW 407
LESSON 4. OUR DECISION IS ‘MAYBE’ - AND THAT’S FINAL 430
TIME IS MONEY, BUT NOT IN JAIL 469
LESSON 1. OFFENSIVE MATERIALS 469
A large number of (24) exist, most dealing with cases that involve the
rights of private citizens against decisions of the state in areas such as social security,
(25), mental health and employment. Tribunals in England and Wales deal with
over (26) cases a year.
Work in pairs. Fill in the table below on the basis of exercises 2 and 4. Then use the table to tell your partner everything you know about the UK legal procedure in civil cases.
‘.■A/5V . U.K. LEGAL PROCEDURE IN CIVIL CASES - 1 • | |
What should the claimant’s complaint contain? |
|
What forms does a response pack contain? |
|
What is ‘form of admission’ and how is it used? |
|
What is ‘form of defence’ and how is it used? |
|
What is ‘counterclaim form’ and how is it used? |
|
What is ‘acknowledgement of service form and how is it used? |
|
What happens if the defendant fails to respond? |
|
When can summary judgments be used? |
|
| |
Where are civil cases tried in England, Wales and Scotland? |
|
Which cases are regulated by Civil Procedure Rules? |
|
How are civil cases handled in court? |
|
What is a ‘balance of probabilities’? |
|
What methods are used to settle cases at the pretrial stage? |
|
What kinds of cases do tribunals handle? |
|
Fill in the gaps with the words and word combinations from the box. More than one variant is possible. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect Continuous Tense. Change the word order, if necessary.
for three days all this time so far how long for a week already continuously
since when since up to now in the past few weeks
He (think) over the response to the claim .
He has already been thinking over the response to the claim for a week.
Mrs. Smith (feel) unwell the particulars of the claim were served on
her.
The High Court (handle) this complex case .
they (deal) with this dispute through negotiation.
the claimant’s party strictly (adhere) to the timetable for litigation.
My partner (violate) our agreements. I am fed up with it.
he (fill) in the claim form?
the judge (make) fairly reasonable practice directions supporting Civil
Procedure Rules.
they (wait) for the ombudsman to determine their complaint?
he successfully (defend) the claim.
Read the extract from a leaflet explaining how the UK legal aid system works and who can get legal aid in civil matters.
Student A. You are going to file a claim in a court and would like to get some legal aid. Ask questions, which your partner can answer using the text.
Student B. Answer your partner’s questions using the text. Begin your answers with the hesitating elements . Hesitating
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