- •He letter .
- •Передмова
- •Checks and balances
- •System of government in britain
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from the text above.
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from the text above.
- •I think that... In my opinion... To my mind,... I believe that... I can't be certain, but I think... Personally, I feel that...
- •Vocabulary КонгресEnglish - ukrainian
- •Конгрес
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •8. You will hear the speaker talking about the way bills become laws in Ukraine. Listen to the text twice and then describe the legislative procedure using the scheme below.
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •In the text below, find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Legislative powers of the president
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •In the text below, find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Department of defense
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •Royal prerogative
- •In the text below find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Privy council
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •In the text below, find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Exemplifying
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from the text above.
- •Executive-Legislative Relations in us and European Models
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •Political parties in the usa
- •The republican party
- •Describing past habits
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •Elections in the usa
- •Presidential elections
- •Congressional elections
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •I think that... In my opinion ... To my mind, ... I believe that... I can't be certain, but I think ... Personally, I feel that... I could be wrong, but I think ... I personally think ...
- •If you want to know what I think, ... Not everybody will agree with me, but...
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •Asking for explanations
- •Giving explanations
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word
- •General elections
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •I think that... In my opinion ... To my mind,... I believe that... I can't be certain, but I think ... Personally, I feel that... I could be wrong, but I think ... I personally think ...
- •If you want to know what I think,... Not everybody will agree with me, but...
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •Elections in ukraine
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •The priciples of government
- •Provisions for amendment
- •Constitutional interpretation
- •8. Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •The principles of the constitution
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •What it is fine in principle, is hard to do in practice
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •Inferior courts in england and wales
- •In such a way that / in such a way as to (in the meaning “ with the result that “).
- •Vocabulary
- •Changing the subject
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •4. Listen to the text on the pretrial conference in civil cases in the usa and fill in the gaps.
- •Vocabulary
- •Legal aid
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •3. For questions 1-22, read the text below and then decide which word best fits each space. The exercise begins with an example (0).
- •Showing surprise
- •Vocabulary
- •5. Work in pairs. Fill in the table below on the basis of exercises 2-4.
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •The man in court
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •How evidence is presented
- •Vocabulary
- •Inadmissible (evidence) incompetent (evidence) invalid (evidence) irrelevant (evidence) mistrial objection
- •Importance of evidence
- •Improper (evidence) inadmissible; incompetent circumstantial evidence bear
- •In the box.
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •V. Discharge of the obligation.
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •9. Work in pairs. Using the text in exercise 7, fill in the table below and then describe the burden of the prosecution and defense in criminal cases.Translate into English
- •Kinds of crimes
- •Vocabulary
- •Illegal conduct
- •Inciting to violence
- •Inherent
- •Inherent powers menacing threats minor misdemeanors
- •Illegal conduct obscenity
- •What are white collar crimes generally?
- •Vocabulary
- •Internal Revenue Service (irs)
- •Violation of trust
- •Violation of trust white collar crimes cybercrime
- •Incarceration
- •Vocabulary
Vocabulary english - ukrainian
abbreviate
achieve
an advantage action
admission
of evidence
advisory
jury
anticipate
at
common law
at
issue
atrocity
bench
trial
за нормами загального права що є предметом обговорення жорстокість
суд без участі присяжних
bring (smb.) to trial
circumscribe
community standards
complaint (in criminal cases)
conspiracy
controversy
court trial deliver a verdict discard de bene esse exercise the right face a trial felony forego go bench
go over the pros and cons of
go to trial
grand jury
in question
issue an indictment
joint trial
jury trial
non-juvenile case
obscene
obscenity trial
on a provisional basis {de bene)
open court
pay a fee
penalty
permissible
petit jury
plea
plea bargain plea bargaining
probable cause proceedings record (the) reach a verdict reduce expenses render a verdict repeat offender seal the fate sensitive stratagem strike a bargain suspend
time-consuming
unduly delayed
uphold a ruling
valid admissibility
virtually
waive
waiver притягати до суду обмежувати суспільні норми офіційне обвинувачення змова
предмет спору
суд без участі присяжних виголошувати вердикт відкидати тимчасово
користуватися правом
постати перед судом
тяжкий кримінальний злочин
відмовлятися (від чогось)
постати перед судом
розглядати усі аргументи «за і проти»
постати перед судом
велике журі
що є предметом обговорення пред’являти обвинувальний акт спільний розгляд кількох справ суд за участю присяжних справа проти повнолітнього непристойний
розгляд справи про злочинну непристойність тимчасово
відкрите судове засідання оплачувати рахунок покарання дозволений
мале журі (суд присяжних)
офіційна заява підсудного
угода про визнання винним
переговори про укладання угоди про визнання
винним
достатня підстава судочинство
матеріали судової справи ухвалювати вирок скорочувати витрати ухвалювати вирок рецидивіст вирішувати долю делікатний хитрість укласти угоду
тимчасово припиняти; відкладати що забирає багато часу відкладений без вагомих причин постановляти правомірна допустимість фактично
відмовлятися (від права тощо) відмова від права
про
визнання
велике журі виголошувати вердикт вирішувати долю відкидати
відкладений без вагомих причин відкрите судове засідання відмова від права відмовлятися (від права тощо) відмовлятися (від чогось) делікатний дозволений достатня підстава жорстокість
за нормами загального права змова
консультативне журі присяжних
користуватися правом
мале журі (суд присяжних)
матеріали судової справи
непристойний
обмежувати
оплачувати рахунок
отримати перевагу
офіційна заява підсудного
офіційне обвинувачення
переговори про укладання угоди
винним
передбачати
покарання
постановляти
постати перед судом
постати перед судом
постати перед судом
правомірна допустимість
пред’являти обвинувальний акт
предмет спору
прийняття доказу притягати до суду рецидивіст
розгляд справи про злочинну непристойність розглядати всі аргументи «за і проти»
скорочувати (слово тощо) скорочувати витрати спільний розгляд кількох справ справа проти повнолітнього суд без участі присяжних суд без участі присяжних суд за участю присяжних судовий процес судочинство суспільні норми тимчасово тимчасово
тимчасово припиняти; відкладати
grand jury deliver a verdict seal the fate discard
unduly delayed
open court
waiver
waive
forego
sensitive
permissible
probable cause
atrocity
at common law conspiracy advisory jury exercise the right petit jury record (the) obscene circumscribe pay a fee
achieve an advantage plea
complaint (in criminal cases) plea bargaining
anticipate
penalty
uphold a ruling
face a trial
go bench'
go to trial
valid admissibility
issue an indictment
controversy
admission of evidence bring (smb.) to trial repeat offender obscenity trial
go over the pros and cons of
abbreviate
reduce expenses
joint trial
non-juvenile case
bench trial
court trial
jury trial
action
proceedings
community standards
de bene esse
on a provisional basis {de bene) suspend
тяжкий кримінальний злочин угода про визнання винним укласти угоду ухвалювати вирок ухвалювати вирок фактично хитрість
felony
plea bargain strike a bargain reach a verdict render a verdict
virtually stratagem at issue in question time-consuming
Work in pairs. In the text below find the words that correspond to the definitions given in the box.
A. not taking sides in a dispute; B. judge; C. assemble; D. delay a court proceeding; E. pause; F. govern; G. suggestion; H. protest; I. defining rights and duties; J. trustworthiness; K. enrolled upon a panel or list; L. relevant; M. discussion of the issue; N. diplomacy; O. subjective; P. cause a biased view; Q. decide in favor of; R. forgiveness; S. administer; T. declare that the decision is not legally valid; U. free from a criminal charge by a verdict of not guilty.
The protection of constitutional rights and pursuit of justice is largely achieved through the teamwork of judge and jury. The judge presides over legal matters brought in court to play the part of an unbiased party whose primary job is to see to it that both sides are allowed to present their cases as fully as possible within the confines of the law. The judge is the arbiter of the law. The judge controls the time when court convenes and adjourns and the length of a recess. The judge mles on many motions and objections of the prosecutor and of the defense attorney. In some jurisdictions the judge is permitted to ask substantive questions of the witnesses and also to comment to the jury about the credibility of the evidence. The trial judge gives preliminary instructions to the impaneled jury on the pertinent law prior to the trial and deliberation. The judge sentences a guilty defendant in a criminal case. Although judges have broad discretion during the trials, their rulings must not be arbitrary or unfair. Also, the judge must not prejudice the jury against any of the parties. Common sense and the willingness to pay attention are the only qualifications needed to be a successful juror. A juror's job is to consider the evidence presented during the trial and to decide what the truth is in that particular case. In some instances jurors may be allowed to take notes, or ask questions. In lawsuits and civil disputes the jurors will either decide for the defendant or the plaintiff. Additionally, the jury set any financial damage amounts that are to be paid to the either side. A jury in a criminal case does far more than decide issues of fact to render a verdict of guilty or innocent. It has the power to extend mercy where mercy is called for, and to mete out individualized justice. It has the power to nullify and acquit.
Complete the following sentences with the words you have found in Activity 1.
It is the judge's responsibility to assure the proper administration of justice in his court. The judge decides all legal questions that arise during the trial, controls the presentation of evidence
by the parties, comments to the (1) jury about its (2). The judge must be
HE LETTER . 1
OF THE LAW 1
PREFACE 8
MODULE 1 14
THE SHIP OF STATE NEVER SLOWS DOWN IN A FOG 14
LESSON 1. GOVERNMENT IS KNOWN BY THE COUNTRY IT KEEPS 14
LESSON 2 A SUCCESSFUL EXECUTIVE DELEGATES ALL RESPONSIBILITY 67
MODULE 2 186
THE RULE OF LAW 186
LESSON 1. THE SUPREME LAW OF THE LAND 186
module з і 361
THE TIMES OF TRIAL 361
LESSON 2. EVIDENCE IS NOT ALWAYS PROOF 382
LESSON 3. EXPERT’S REPUTATION IS RASED ON WNAT OTHERS DO NOT KNOW 403
LESSON 4. OUR DECISION IS ‘MAYBE’ - AND THAT’S FINAL 426
TIME IS MONEY, BUT NOT IN JAIL 465
LESSON 1. OFFENSIVE MATERIALS 465
notes of the proceedings. In civil trials, the jury (15) defendants or the plaintiff, i.e. they
determine whether the defendant is liable for the injuries claimed by the plaintiff and set any financial damage amounts that are to be paid to the either side. Rendering a verdict in criminal
trials, the jury determines the guilt of the accused. Besides they may extend (16),
(17) justice, (18) and (19).
Listen to the text on the jury or non-jury trials in US courts and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.