
- •He letter .
- •Передмова
- •Checks and balances
- •System of government in britain
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from the text above.
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from the text above.
- •I think that... In my opinion... To my mind,... I believe that... I can't be certain, but I think... Personally, I feel that...
- •Vocabulary КонгресEnglish - ukrainian
- •Конгрес
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •8. You will hear the speaker talking about the way bills become laws in Ukraine. Listen to the text twice and then describe the legislative procedure using the scheme below.
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •In the text below, find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Legislative powers of the president
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •In the text below, find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Department of defense
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •Royal prerogative
- •In the text below find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Privy council
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •In the text below, find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Exemplifying
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from the text above.
- •Executive-Legislative Relations in us and European Models
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •Political parties in the usa
- •The republican party
- •Describing past habits
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •Elections in the usa
- •Presidential elections
- •Congressional elections
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •I think that... In my opinion ... To my mind, ... I believe that... I can't be certain, but I think ... Personally, I feel that... I could be wrong, but I think ... I personally think ...
- •If you want to know what I think, ... Not everybody will agree with me, but...
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •Asking for explanations
- •Giving explanations
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word
- •General elections
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •I think that... In my opinion ... To my mind,... I believe that... I can't be certain, but I think ... Personally, I feel that... I could be wrong, but I think ... I personally think ...
- •If you want to know what I think,... Not everybody will agree with me, but...
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •Vocabulary
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •Elections in ukraine
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •The priciples of government
- •Provisions for amendment
- •Constitutional interpretation
- •8. Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •The principles of the constitution
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •What it is fine in principle, is hard to do in practice
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Stating and justifying opinions
- •Vocabulary
- •Inferior courts in england and wales
- •In such a way that / in such a way as to (in the meaning “ with the result that “).
- •Vocabulary
- •Changing the subject
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •4. Listen to the text on the pretrial conference in civil cases in the usa and fill in the gaps.
- •Vocabulary
- •Legal aid
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •3. For questions 1-22, read the text below and then decide which word best fits each space. The exercise begins with an example (0).
- •Showing surprise
- •Vocabulary
- •5. Work in pairs. Fill in the table below on the basis of exercises 2-4.
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •The man in court
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •How evidence is presented
- •Vocabulary
- •Inadmissible (evidence) incompetent (evidence) invalid (evidence) irrelevant (evidence) mistrial objection
- •Importance of evidence
- •Improper (evidence) inadmissible; incompetent circumstantial evidence bear
- •In the box.
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •V. Discharge of the obligation.
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •9. Work in pairs. Using the text in exercise 7, fill in the table below and then describe the burden of the prosecution and defense in criminal cases.Translate into English
- •Kinds of crimes
- •Vocabulary
- •Illegal conduct
- •Inciting to violence
- •Inherent
- •Inherent powers menacing threats minor misdemeanors
- •Illegal conduct obscenity
- •What are white collar crimes generally?
- •Vocabulary
- •Internal Revenue Service (irs)
- •Violation of trust
- •Violation of trust white collar crimes cybercrime
- •Incarceration
- •Vocabulary
Vocabulary
accurate
adopt
alternatively
amend
amendment
apply the law
appointed
approach
approval
arise
ballot box
basic constitutional values
be aware
be conscious
be entitled
be in conflict
be traced to
block action
body
characteristic
check
clarity
clause
commonly
conform (to)
constitutional interpretation
conviction
court determining
decision-making
delegate
delicately balanced draft
dual process elected enacted law endure exception executive act exercise (authority) extreme misconduct
extremely fall to the courts federal Constitution flexible
fundamental law hastily passed have no force high crime impeachment in accordance with influence initiate
ENGLISH - UKRAINIAN
точний
приймати (закон тощо) в іншому варіанті змінювати, вносити поправки поправка
застосовувати закон призначений підхід схвалення
виникати (про проблему тощо) виборча урна
головні положення конституції
розуміти
усвідомлювати
мати право
суперечити
простежити (до джерела тощо) блокувати прийняття рішень зміст
характерна риса засіб стримування чіткість
пункт (закону тощо) найчастіше
відповідати (закону тощо) конституційна інтерпретація визнання вини судове узгодження прийняття рішень делегувати
ретельно врівноважений складати (проект документа тощо) двоетапна процедура обраний
чинне законодавство тривати довго виняток
акт виконавчої влади
реалізовувати (повноваження тощо)
скоєння посадового злочину або грубе
порушення етичних норм
надзвичайно
бути покладеним на суди
федеральна конституція
гнучкий
основний закон
поспішно прийнятий
не мати юридичної сили
тяжкий злочин
імпічмент
відповідно до
вплив
ініціювати
inject
interpret
issue
judicial activism
justices
keenly
keep pace with land
legal means
legislatures
life appointment
limited
misdemeanor
national convention
non-issue
obligation
office
pass (laws)
political activism
potential excesses
protection
provision
public actions
public official
public scrutiny
realistic option
recognize
records
regulation
remove
represent
respect
revise
special treatment stand for re-election statute
(be) subject (to) supremacy supreme law treaty
under the Constitution
underlie
updating
vested
will
wording
акт виконавчої влади блокувати прийняття рішень бути покладеним на суди в іншому варіанті верховенство виборча урна визнавати визнання вини
привносити
тлумачити
проблема
суддівська активність судді Верховного Суду добре
відповідати потребам розвитку країна
правові засоби законодавчі органи довічне призначення обмежений
проступок (судово караний) загальнонаціональні збори несуттєве питання зобов’язання посада
ухвалювати (закон тощо) політична активність можливі зловживання захист
положення (закону тощо)
офіційна діяльність
державний службовець
ретельна перевірка з боку громадськості
реалістичний варіант
визнавати
попередня діяльність
постанова
усувати (з посади)
представляти
поважати
переглядати
режим особливого сприяння
проходити процедуру переобрання
нормативний акт
підлягати (розгляду тощо)
верховенство
найвищий закон
угода
за конституцію
лежати в основі
переформулювання
наділений
воля
формулювання тексту
UKRAINIAN - ENGLISH
executive act block action fall to the courts alternatively supremacy ballot box recognize conviction
виникати (про проблему тощо) виняток
відповідати (закону тощо)
відповідати потребам розвитку
відповідно до
вносити поправки
воля
вплив
вчинення посадового злочину або грубе
порушення етичних норм
гнучкий
головні положення конституції двоетапна процедура делегувати
державний службовець добре
довічне призначення за конституцію загальнонаціональні збори законодавчі органи засіб стримування застосовувати закон захист змінювати зміст
зобов’язання
імпічмент
ініціювати
конституційна інтерпретація країна
лежати в основі
мати право
можливі зловживання
надзвичайно
наділений
найвищий закон
найчастіше
не мати юридичної сили
несуттєве питання
нормативний акт
обмежений
обраний
основний закон
офіційна діяльність
переглядати
переформулювання
підлягати (розгляду тощо)
підхід
поважати
політична активність положення (закону тощо) попередня діяльність поправка посада
поспішно прийнятий постанова правові засоби arise
exception conform (to) keep pace with in accordance with amend will
influence
extreme misconduct flexible
basic constitutional values
dual process
delegate
public official
keenly
life appointment under the Constitution national convention legislatures check
apply the law protection amend body
obligation
impeachment
initiate
constitutional interpretation land
underlie be entitled potential excesses extremely vested supreme law commonly have no force non-issue statute limited elected
fundamental law
public actions
revise
updating
be subject (to)
approach
respect
political activism
provision
records
amendment
office
hastily passed regulation legal means
представляти |
represent |
привносити |
inject |
призначений |
appointed |
приймати (закон тощо) |
adopt |
прийняття рішень |
decision-making |
проблема |
issue |
простежити (до джерела тощо) |
be traced to |
проступок (судово караний) |
misdemeanor |
проходити процедуру переобрання |
stand for re-election |
пункт (закону тощо) |
clause |
реалізовувати (повноваження тощо) |
exercise (authority) |
реалістичний варіант |
realistic option |
режим особливого сприяння |
special treatment |
ретельна перевірка з боку громадськості |
public scrutiny |
ретельно врівноважений |
delicately balanced |
розуміти |
be aware |
складати (проект документа тощо) |
draft |
судді Верховного Суду |
justices |
суддівська активність |
judicial activism |
судове узгодження |
court determining |
суперечити |
be in conflict |
схвалення |
approval |
тлумачити |
interpret |
точний |
accurate |
тривати довго |
endure |
тяжкий злочин |
high crime |
угода |
treaty |
усвідомлювати |
be conscious |
усувати (з посади) |
remove |
ухвалювати (закон тощо) |
pass (laws) |
федеральна конституція |
federal Constitution |
формулювання тексту |
wording |
характерна риса |
characteristic |
чинне законодавство |
enacted law |
чіткість |
clarity |
PART 2. THE KINGDOM OF PRECEDENTS
Work in pairs. Make a list of things you can expect in a constitution. Listen to other students’ ideas and add them to your list.
Work in pairs. In the text below find the synonyms of the words in the box.
cancel importance tradition main forbidden inflexible precedent law (2) court decision originate non-matching character centralized written law range article of law compulsory (2) adaptable non-arranged
The United Kingdom's constitution may be described as uncodified, flexible, unitary, institutional and practical. It is derived from a number of unwritten and written sources: parliamentary acts, conventions, European Union law, common law etc. Its principal source is statute law, which determines the powers and scope of government, and the conduct of elections. A unique feature of the constitution is the absence of a formal doctrine of the separation of powers. Control depends on political and democratic principles rather than a rigid system.
Conventions have grown from custom and usage. Although not supported by law, these constitutional unwritten rules are sanctioned by common practice and political convenience and are considered to be binding. They are essential to the cooperation of the Crown, the House of Lords and the House of Commons, in whom the legislative, executive and judicial powers are vested.
Adjudications also provide rules of law which have constitutional significance. The doctrine of precedent dictates that such decisions are binding on lower courts. This judge-made law can derive from two sources: common law and interpretation of statutes.
There is no modem document that codifies the rights of citizens, because of the doctrine of negative rights, under which Britons have enjoyed the right to do anything that is not prohibited. The UK was one of the first countries to ratify the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). In 2000 the Convention became directly enforceable in the courts under the 1998 Human Rights Act. Nevertheless the courts may not invalidate statutes; they can only issue a “declaration of incompatibility” with the ECHR provisions.
For questions 1-23, read the text below and then decide which word best fits each space.
The exercise begins with an example (0).
HE LETTER . 1
OF THE LAW 1
PREFACE 8
MODULE 1 14
THE SHIP OF STATE NEVER SLOWS DOWN IN A FOG 14
LESSON 1. GOVERNMENT IS KNOWN BY THE COUNTRY IT KEEPS 14
LESSON 2 A SUCCESSFUL EXECUTIVE DELEGATES ALL RESPONSIBILITY 67
MODULE 2 186
THE RULE OF LAW 186
LESSON 1. THE SUPREME LAW OF THE LAND 186
module з і 361
THE TIMES OF TRIAL 361
LESSON 2. EVIDENCE IS NOT ALWAYS PROOF 383
LESSON 3. EXPERT’S REPUTATION IS RASED ON WNAT OTHERS DO NOT KNOW 404
LESSON 4. OUR DECISION IS ‘MAYBE’ - AND THAT’S FINAL 427
TIME IS MONEY, BUT NOT IN JAIL 466
LESSON 1. OFFENSIVE MATERIALS 466
three constitutionally important powers: to (12) Parliament and
precipitate a general (13), to choose the Prime Minister in the case of there being no
(14) candidate and (15) to legislation. (16), an extension of the
royal prerogative to Parliament allows the (17) to (18) a wide variety of
actions in the name of the (19), in particular, on (20) of national security,
granting of royal (21), public and political appointments, the honors’ system, and
accountability of Ministers. Regulation of these powers is political rather than formal or
(22), and reform has proceeded piecemeal (23) case law, and amendments
to the Ministerial Code.
0 |
A. constitutional |
B. dual |
C. absolute |
D. parliamentary |
1 |
A. confederation |
B. federation |
C. monarchy |
D. union |
2 |
A. government |
B. constitution |
C. legislation |
D. judiciary |
3 |
A. prerogative |
B. privilege |
C. immunity |
D. right |
4 |
A. total |
B. collective |
C. generalized |
D. constituent |
5 |
A. depicted |
B. presented |
C. described |
D. delineated |
6 |
A. permitted |
B. unrestrained |
C. unlimited |
D. unbounded |
7 |
A. elaborated |
B. drafted |
C. created |
D.done |
8 |
A. House of Commons |
B. courts |
C. Law Lords |
D. Parliament |
9 |
A. public |
B. human |
C. individual |
D. social |
10 |
A. individually |
B. theoretically |
C. historically |
D. conventionally |
11 |
A. Privy Council |
B. Ministers |
C. Prime Minister |
D. Lords |
12 |
A. select |
B. elect |
C. dissolve |
D. dismiss |
13 |
A. election |
B. session |
C. appointment |
D. coronation |
14 |
A. clear-cut |
B.legible |
C. efficient |
D. distinct |
15 |
A. construe |
B. propose |
C. pardon |
D. assent |
16 |
A. really |
B. lately |
C. currently |
D. actually |
17 |
A. government |
B. Monarch |
D. Prime Minister |
D. Privy Council |
18 |
A. protest |
B. undertake |
C. institute |
D. avoid |
19 |
A. people |
B. Prime Minister |
C. President |
D. Crown |
20 |
A. events |
B. cases |
C. affairs |
D. incidents |
21 |
A. privileges |
B. charters |
C. sanctions |
D. penalties |
22 |
A. conventional |
B. written |
C. precedent |
D. statutory |
23 |
A. through |
B. from |
C. with |
D. against |
Listen to the text on the constitutional principles and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.