Прошедшее совершенное длительное время (Past Perfect Continuous)

Прошедшее совершенное длительное время образуется при помощи глагола tobeво времениPastPerfectи причастияIсмыслового глагола.

It had been snowing heavily for two hours. – Сильный снег шел уже около двух часов.

Для образования вопросительной формы первый вспомогательный глагол (had) ставится перед подлежащим.

Had it been snowing heavily for two or three hours? – Сильный снег шел два или три часа?

Для образования отрицательной формы отрицательная частица notставится после первого вспомогательного глагола.

It had not been snowing heavily for three days. – Сильного снега не было уже три дня.

Утвердительная форма	Вопросительная форма	Отрицательная форма
I We You He had been playing She It They	I we you Had he been playing? she it they	I We You He had not been playing She It They

Past Perfect Continuous употребляется :

а) для выражения длительного прошедшего действия, которое началось ранее другого прошедшего действия, выраженного в Past Indefinite, и еще продолжалось в момент совершения последнего. При этом должен быть указан период времени, в течение которого действие уже совершалось, например с такими обозначениями времени, как: for two hours – в течение двух часов; for a month – в течение месяца; for some time – в течение некоторого времени; since five o’clock – с пяти часов; since I came – с тех пор, как я пришел; all his life – всю его жизнь; all day long – весь день.		She had been sleeping for three hours when we returned. Она спала уже три часа, когда мы возвратились.
б) для выражения длительного прошедшего действия, которое закончилось непосредственно перед определенным моментом или действием в прошлом. Конкретный момент в прошлом обычно определяется ситуацией, а сама форма Past Perfect Continuous подчеркивает продолжительность предыдущего действия и его последствия к описываемому моменту. Период времени, в течение которого совершалось действие, может быть как указан, так и не указан.		Her eyes were red. I saw she had been crying. У нее были красные глаза. Я увидел, что она плакала.
	Для более глубокого усвоения грамматического материала рекомендуется выполнить следующие упражнения.

Упр. 87. Откройте скобки, употребляя Past Perfect Continuous.

1. We (sleep) for 12 hours when he woke us up. 2. They (wait) at the station for 90 minutes when the train finally arrived. 3. We (look for) her ring for two hours and then we found it in the bathroom. 4. I (not / walk) for a long time, when it suddenly began to rain. 5. How long (learn / she) English before she went to London? 6. Frank Sinatra caught the flu because he (sing) in the rain too long. 7. He (drive) less than an hour when he ran out of petrol. 8. They were very tired in the evening because they (help) on the farm all day. 9. I (not / work) all day; so I wasn't tired and went to the disco at night. 10. They (cycle) all day so their legs were sore in the evening.

Упр.88. Выберите правильный вариант (Past Perfect Continuous или Past Continuous).

1. I (was having, had been having) breakfast when the telephone rang. 2. She (was shouting, had been shouting) at her child for a few minutes before she could stop. 3. Jack (was driving, had been driving) his car when the accident happened. 4. We (were waiting, had been waiting) for some time before the telephone rang. 5. The children (were doing, had been doing) their homework for two hours when their mother called them to dinner. 6. When she entered the room her friends (were planning, had been planning) about the future holiday. 7. The servant told him that the stranger (was waiting, had been waiting) for him for about an hour. 8. How long (were dating, had been dating) before you got married? 9. When we arrived all the people (were hurrying, had been hurrying) home.

Упр. 89. Выберите правильный вариант (Past Perfect Continuous или Past Perfect).

1. The children looked tired. They (had jogged, had been jogging) since early morning. 2. The boy told his mother what he (had done, had been doing) . 3. The front door looked new after John (had painted, had been painting) it. 4. Our village was covered with snow. It (had snowed, had been snowing) hard the previous night. 5. I thought they (had moved, had been moving) to another town. 6. When we came to the railway station, the train (had left, had been leaving) . 7. He (had travelled, had been travelling) in China for two months before he found that ancient monastery. 8. By six o'clock he (had switched off, had been switching off) the washing machine. 9. Mary's clothes were wet. She (had washed, had been washing) her dog. 10. After the writer (had finished, had been finishing) his last novel, he became famous.

Упр.90.Определите, выражает ли выделенное сказуемое длительный процесс действия либо результат процесса действия.

1. His hands were dirty. He had been working in the garden.

2. I had been working very hard for a few years before I achieved promising results.

3. She had been painting pictures since school, but then she decided to give up painting.

4. Jack was really irritated, because he had been looking for his wallet for a long time.

5. We had been driving for half an hour but couldn't find a gas station.

6. All the soldiers were having a rest. They had been fighting with the enemy for seven hours.

7. I had a terrible headache. We had been celebrating our victory all night.

8. She had been reading all day long when her friends called her out.

9. We had been saving money since our marriage, when somebody stole it.

10. Poor mother was in shock. Her only child had been taking drugs for three years.

Упр. 91. Откройте скобки, употребляя Past Perfect Continuous , Past Perfect либо Past Simple.

1. I must have a break. I (to work) so long. 2. Before we parked our car we (to buy) the ticket. 3. I arrived on Sunday. I (to be) at home for two days. 4. The roads were blocked in the morning. It (to snow) all night. 5. She called the police when she (to see) the light in the hall. 6. His English was perfect. He (to learn) it since he started school. 7. I was really hungry. I (not to eat) anything since the morning. 8. It was 11 o'clock. Carol Parker (to arrive) at the Shaw Hotel five minutes before. She (to try) to find the hotel all evening. Carol never (to be) to Dublin. She (to have) a detailed map in her hanbag, but she could not read it. She (to call) the reception and (ask) about the way, but it (not help) her.

Ключи к упражнениям Упр. 87. 1. Had been sleeping. 2. Had been waiting. 3. Had been looking. 4. Had not been working. 5. How long had she been learning? 6. Had been singing. 7. Had been driving. 8. Had been helping. 9. Had not been working. 10. Had been cycling.

Упр.88. 1. Was having. 2. Had been shouting. 3. Was driving . 4. Had been waiting. 5. Had been doing. 6. Were planning. 7. Had been waiting. 8. Had been dating. 9. Were hurrying.

Упр. 89. 1. Had been jogging. 2. Had done, had been doing. 3. Had painted. 4. Had been snowing. 5. Had moved. 6. Had left. 7. Had been travelling. 8. Had switched off. 9. Had been washing. 10. Had finished.

Упр.90. 1. were ( результат) , had been working (процесс). 2. had been working (процесс) , achieved promising result(результат). 3. had been painting (процесс). 4. had been looking (процесс). 5. had been driving (процесс). 6. had been fighting (процесс). 7. had (результат), had been celebrating (процесс). 8. had been reading (процесс). 9. had been saving (процесс). 10. was (результат), had been taking (процесс).

Упр. 91. 1. Had been working. 2. Had bought. 3. Had been. 4. Had been snowing. 5. Had seen. 6. Had been learning. 7. Had not been eating. 8. Had arrived. Had been trying. Had never been. Had. Called. Asked. Didn’t help.

Для более глубокого усвоения грамматического материала рекомендуется выполнить следующие упражнения.