Настоящее совершенное длительное время (Present Perfect Continuous)

Настоящее совершенное длительное время образуется при помощи глагола tobeво времениPresentPerfectи причастияIсмыслового глагола.

I have been waiting for you for half an hour. – Я жду тебя уже полчаса.

Для образования вопросительной формы первый вспомогательный глагол (have,has) ставится перед подлежащим.

Have you been waiting long? – Вы долго ждете?

Для образования отрицательной формы отрицательная частица notставится после первого вспомогательного глагола.

He has not (hasn’t) been waiting long. – Он недолго ждет.

Утвердительная форма	Вопросительная форма	Отрицательная форма
He She has been playing It I We have been playing You They	He Has she ben playing? it I Have we been playing? you they	He She has not been playing It I We have not been playing You They

Present Perfect Continuous употребляется:

а) для выражения длительного действия, которое началось в прошлом и еще продолжается в настоящее время. При употреблении этой формы необходимо указать период времени, в течение которого совершается действие, например: for an hour – в течение часа; for a month – в течение месяца; for a long time –в течение долгого времени, долго, давно; since yesterday – со вчерашнего дня; since five o’clock – с пяти часов; since morning – с утра; since she returned – с тех пор, как она вернулась; lately – недавно, в последнее время; all my life – всю жизнь; all this year – весь этот год; all day long –весь день; these three week – эти три недели	I’ve been working for the same company for twelve years. Я работаю в одной и той же компании (уже) двенадцать лет.
б) для выражения длительного действия, которое началось в прошлом и закончилось непосредственно перед моментом речи.	I’ve been trying to find the hotel all day. Весь день я пытался найти эту гостиницу.
Эта форма также употребляется в вопросах, начинающихся с how long? – как долго? сколько времени? и since when?– с каких пор?, если речь идет о периоде, который непосредственно предшествует моменту речи:	How long has he been living in Moscow? Сколько времени он живет в Москве? He has been living in Moscow for five years. Он живет в Москве пять лет.

Для более глубокого усвоения грамматического материала рекомендуется выполнить следующие упражнения.

Упр. 82. Напишите предложения, используя Present Perfect Continuous

а) утверждения

Образец: Albert / squash / play → Albert has been playing squash.

1. Hannah / the match / watch →

2. We / in the park / wait →

3. You / a song / sing →

4. I / a magazine / read →

5. It / rain / all day →

6. Phil and Greg / a race / run →

7. She / her teeth / brush →

8. The Millers / in London / live / for three years →

9. He / on the lake / sail →

б) отрицания

Образец: We / not / in the mountains / walk → We have not been walking in the mountains.

1. Beatrice / not / in Boston / teach →

2. Ricky / not / the car / wash →

3. She / not / a poem / write →

4. We / not / tea / drink →

5. We / not / our rooms / clean →

6. The children / not / on the floor / sleep →

7. Jeff and Linda / not / cycle →

8. Christine / not / her home / decorate →

9. The cat / not / on the chair / lie / all day→

в) вопросы

Образец: she / on the phone / talk →

1. His brother / dinner / cook →

2. Jane and Mary / badminton / play →

3. Sue / in the gym / exercise →

4. Robert / the room / paint →

5. They / trees / plant →

6. Henry / in the garage / work →

7. They / in the lake / swim →

8. How long / Boris / English / learn →

9. How long / you / for me / wait →

Упр.83. Раскройте скобки, употребляя Present Perfect Continuous

1. He (work) in this company since 1985. 2. I (wait) for you since two o'clock. 3. Mary (live) in Germany since 1992. 4. Why is he so tired? He (play) tennis for five hours. 5. How long (learn / you) English? 6. We (look for) the motorway for more than an hour. 7. I (live) without electricity for two weeks. 8. The film (run / not) for ten minutes yet, but there's a commercial break already.

Упр.84. Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в Simple Present или Present Perfect Continuous.

Carol (to love) singing. She (to sing) in the school's choir for five years. Carol (to have) a wonderful voice and she (play) the piano, too. She (to play) the piano for seven years. Since Carol saw a talent show on TV, she (to dream) of being a popstar. Therefore, Carol (practice) every day. She (to want) to be in a band. " (know / anyone) a cool band that (to need) a singer or a keyboarder?" she often (to ask) her friends.

Упр.85. Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в Simple Present или Present Perfect Continuous.

Tom (go) to school by bus every day. He (go) to school by bus since he and his parents moved to a little village. Tom has to get up very early each day, but that (be) okay. At least he can stay at his old school where all of his friends (be) . Tom (speak) English very well, although he (learn) English for only two years. His friends often (ask) Tom why his English (be) so good. Every summer, Tom and his parents (spend) a few weeks in England. Tom's mum (love) England, especially the English gardens. Tom (have) some friends in England and he (speak) English with them.

Упр.86. Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в Simple Present или Present Perfect Continuous.

Marvin and Joe (play) in a football club for two years. They (practise) four times a week. Marvin (be) a popular forwarder. He often (score) goals for his team. At the moment, the training (be) very hard. For six weeks now, the team (prepare) for an important match taking place on Sunday. Today, the boys (do) strength training for forty minutes already. Joe (like/not) that very much – he (want) to play football. However, the strength training exercises (be) also very important for the young players.

Ключи к упражнениям Упр.82. 1. Hannah has been watching the match. 2. We have been waiting in the park. 3. You have been singing a song. 4. I have been reading a magazine. 5. It has been raining all day. 6. Phil and Greg have been running a race. 7. She has been brushing her teeth.8. The Millers have been living in London for three years. 9. He has been sailing on the lake.

б) 1. Beatrice has not been teaching in Boston. 2. Ricky has not been washing the car. 3. She has not been writing a poem. 4. We have not been drinking tea. 5. We have not been cleaning our rooms. 6. The children have not been sleeping on the floor. 7. Jeff and Linda have not been cycling. 8. Christine has not been decorating her home. 9. The cat has not been lying on the chair all day.

в) 1. Has his brother been cooking dinner? 2. Have Jane and Mary been playing badminton? 3. Has Sue been exercising in the gym? 4. Has Robert been painting the room? 5.Have they been planting trees? 6. Has Henry been working in the garage? 7. Have they been swimming in the lake? 8. How long has Boris been learning English? 9. How long have you been waiting for me?

Упр.83. 1. Has been working. 2. Have been waiting. 3. Has been living. 4. Has been playing. 5. How long have you been learning English? 6. Have been looking. 7. Have been living. 8. Has not been running.

Упр.84. Carol loves singing. She has been singing in the school's choir for five years. Carol has a wonderful voice and she plays the piano, too. She has been playing the piano for seven years. Since Carol saw a talent show on TV, she has been dreaming of being a popstar. Therefore, Carol practices every day. She wants to be in a band. " Does anyone know a cool band that needs a singer or a keyboarder?" she often asks her friends.

Упр.85. Tom goes to school by bus every day. He has been going to school by bus since he and his parents moved to a little village. Tom has to get up very early each day, but that is okay. At least he can stay at his old school where all of his friends are . Tom speaks English very well, although he has been learning English for only two years. His friends often ask Tom why his English is so good. Every summer, Tom and his parents spend a few weeks in England. Tom's mum loves England, especially the English gardens. Tom has some friends in England and he speaks English with them.

Упр.86. Marvin and Joe have been playing in a football club for two years. They practise four times a week. Marvin is a popular forwarder. He often scores goals for his team. At the moment, the training is very hard. For six weeks now, the team has been preparing for an important match taking place on Sunday. Today, the boys have been doing strength training for forty minutes already. Joe does not like that very much – he wants to play football. However, the strength training exercises are also very important for the young players.

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