- •Table of Contents
- •What’s New in EViews 5.0
- •What’s New in 5.0
- •Compatibility Notes
- •EViews 5.1 Update Overview
- •Overview of EViews 5.1 New Features
- •Preface
- •Part I. EViews Fundamentals
- •Chapter 1. Introduction
- •What is EViews?
- •Installing and Running EViews
- •Windows Basics
- •The EViews Window
- •Closing EViews
- •Where to Go For Help
- •Chapter 2. A Demonstration
- •Getting Data into EViews
- •Examining the Data
- •Estimating a Regression Model
- •Specification and Hypothesis Tests
- •Modifying the Equation
- •Forecasting from an Estimated Equation
- •Additional Testing
- •Chapter 3. Workfile Basics
- •What is a Workfile?
- •Creating a Workfile
- •The Workfile Window
- •Saving a Workfile
- •Loading a Workfile
- •Multi-page Workfiles
- •Addendum: File Dialog Features
- •Chapter 4. Object Basics
- •What is an Object?
- •Basic Object Operations
- •The Object Window
- •Working with Objects
- •Chapter 5. Basic Data Handling
- •Data Objects
- •Samples
- •Sample Objects
- •Importing Data
- •Exporting Data
- •Frequency Conversion
- •Importing ASCII Text Files
- •Chapter 6. Working with Data
- •Numeric Expressions
- •Series
- •Auto-series
- •Groups
- •Scalars
- •Chapter 7. Working with Data (Advanced)
- •Auto-Updating Series
- •Alpha Series
- •Date Series
- •Value Maps
- •Chapter 8. Series Links
- •Basic Link Concepts
- •Creating a Link
- •Working with Links
- •Chapter 9. Advanced Workfiles
- •Structuring a Workfile
- •Resizing a Workfile
- •Appending to a Workfile
- •Contracting a Workfile
- •Copying from a Workfile
- •Reshaping a Workfile
- •Sorting a Workfile
- •Exporting from a Workfile
- •Chapter 10. EViews Databases
- •Database Overview
- •Database Basics
- •Working with Objects in Databases
- •Database Auto-Series
- •The Database Registry
- •Querying the Database
- •Object Aliases and Illegal Names
- •Maintaining the Database
- •Foreign Format Databases
- •Working with DRIPro Links
- •Part II. Basic Data Analysis
- •Chapter 11. Series
- •Series Views Overview
- •Spreadsheet and Graph Views
- •Descriptive Statistics
- •Tests for Descriptive Stats
- •Distribution Graphs
- •One-Way Tabulation
- •Correlogram
- •Unit Root Test
- •BDS Test
- •Properties
- •Label
- •Series Procs Overview
- •Generate by Equation
- •Resample
- •Seasonal Adjustment
- •Exponential Smoothing
- •Hodrick-Prescott Filter
- •Frequency (Band-Pass) Filter
- •Chapter 12. Groups
- •Group Views Overview
- •Group Members
- •Spreadsheet
- •Dated Data Table
- •Graphs
- •Multiple Graphs
- •Descriptive Statistics
- •Tests of Equality
- •N-Way Tabulation
- •Principal Components
- •Correlations, Covariances, and Correlograms
- •Cross Correlations and Correlograms
- •Cointegration Test
- •Unit Root Test
- •Granger Causality
- •Label
- •Group Procedures Overview
- •Chapter 13. Statistical Graphs from Series and Groups
- •Distribution Graphs of Series
- •Scatter Diagrams with Fit Lines
- •Boxplots
- •Chapter 14. Graphs, Tables, and Text Objects
- •Creating Graphs
- •Modifying Graphs
- •Multiple Graphs
- •Printing Graphs
- •Copying Graphs to the Clipboard
- •Saving Graphs to a File
- •Graph Commands
- •Creating Tables
- •Table Basics
- •Basic Table Customization
- •Customizing Table Cells
- •Copying Tables to the Clipboard
- •Saving Tables to a File
- •Table Commands
- •Text Objects
- •Part III. Basic Single Equation Analysis
- •Chapter 15. Basic Regression
- •Equation Objects
- •Specifying an Equation in EViews
- •Estimating an Equation in EViews
- •Equation Output
- •Working with Equations
- •Estimation Problems
- •Chapter 16. Additional Regression Methods
- •Special Equation Terms
- •Weighted Least Squares
- •Heteroskedasticity and Autocorrelation Consistent Covariances
- •Two-stage Least Squares
- •Nonlinear Least Squares
- •Generalized Method of Moments (GMM)
- •Chapter 17. Time Series Regression
- •Serial Correlation Theory
- •Testing for Serial Correlation
- •Estimating AR Models
- •ARIMA Theory
- •Estimating ARIMA Models
- •ARMA Equation Diagnostics
- •Nonstationary Time Series
- •Unit Root Tests
- •Panel Unit Root Tests
- •Chapter 18. Forecasting from an Equation
- •Forecasting from Equations in EViews
- •An Illustration
- •Forecast Basics
- •Forecasting with ARMA Errors
- •Forecasting from Equations with Expressions
- •Forecasting with Expression and PDL Specifications
- •Chapter 19. Specification and Diagnostic Tests
- •Background
- •Coefficient Tests
- •Residual Tests
- •Specification and Stability Tests
- •Applications
- •Part IV. Advanced Single Equation Analysis
- •Chapter 20. ARCH and GARCH Estimation
- •Basic ARCH Specifications
- •Estimating ARCH Models in EViews
- •Working with ARCH Models
- •Additional ARCH Models
- •Examples
- •Binary Dependent Variable Models
- •Estimating Binary Models in EViews
- •Procedures for Binary Equations
- •Ordered Dependent Variable Models
- •Estimating Ordered Models in EViews
- •Views of Ordered Equations
- •Procedures for Ordered Equations
- •Censored Regression Models
- •Estimating Censored Models in EViews
- •Procedures for Censored Equations
- •Truncated Regression Models
- •Procedures for Truncated Equations
- •Count Models
- •Views of Count Models
- •Procedures for Count Models
- •Demonstrations
- •Technical Notes
- •Chapter 22. The Log Likelihood (LogL) Object
- •Overview
- •Specification
- •Estimation
- •LogL Views
- •LogL Procs
- •Troubleshooting
- •Limitations
- •Examples
- •Part V. Multiple Equation Analysis
- •Chapter 23. System Estimation
- •Background
- •System Estimation Methods
- •How to Create and Specify a System
- •Working With Systems
- •Technical Discussion
- •Vector Autoregressions (VARs)
- •Estimating a VAR in EViews
- •VAR Estimation Output
- •Views and Procs of a VAR
- •Structural (Identified) VARs
- •Cointegration Test
- •Vector Error Correction (VEC) Models
- •A Note on Version Compatibility
- •Chapter 25. State Space Models and the Kalman Filter
- •Background
- •Specifying a State Space Model in EViews
- •Working with the State Space
- •Converting from Version 3 Sspace
- •Technical Discussion
- •Chapter 26. Models
- •Overview
- •An Example Model
- •Building a Model
- •Working with the Model Structure
- •Specifying Scenarios
- •Using Add Factors
- •Solving the Model
- •Working with the Model Data
- •Part VI. Panel and Pooled Data
- •Chapter 27. Pooled Time Series, Cross-Section Data
- •The Pool Workfile
- •The Pool Object
- •Pooled Data
- •Setting up a Pool Workfile
- •Working with Pooled Data
- •Pooled Estimation
- •Chapter 28. Working with Panel Data
- •Structuring a Panel Workfile
- •Panel Workfile Display
- •Panel Workfile Information
- •Working with Panel Data
- •Basic Panel Analysis
- •Chapter 29. Panel Estimation
- •Estimating a Panel Equation
- •Panel Estimation Examples
- •Panel Equation Testing
- •Estimation Background
- •Appendix A. Global Options
- •The Options Menu
- •Print Setup
- •Appendix B. Wildcards
- •Wildcard Expressions
- •Using Wildcard Expressions
- •Source and Destination Patterns
- •Resolving Ambiguities
- •Wildcard versus Pool Identifier
- •Appendix C. Estimation and Solution Options
- •Setting Estimation Options
- •Optimization Algorithms
- •Nonlinear Equation Solution Methods
- •Appendix D. Gradients and Derivatives
- •Gradients
- •Derivatives
- •Appendix E. Information Criteria
- •Definitions
- •Using Information Criteria as a Guide to Model Selection
- •References
- •Index
- •Symbols
- •.DB? files 266
- •.EDB file 262
- •.RTF file 437
- •.WF1 file 62
- •@obsnum
- •Panel
- •@unmaptxt 174
- •~, in backup file name 62, 939
- •Numerics
- •3sls (three-stage least squares) 697, 716
- •Abort key 21
- •ARIMA models 501
- •ASCII
- •file export 115
- •ASCII file
- •See also Unit root tests.
- •Auto-search
- •Auto-series
- •in groups 144
- •Auto-updating series
- •and databases 152
- •Backcast
- •Berndt-Hall-Hall-Hausman (BHHH). See Optimization algorithms.
- •Bias proportion 554
- •fitted index 634
- •Binning option
- •classifications 313, 382
- •Boxplots 409
- •By-group statistics 312, 886, 893
- •coef vector 444
- •Causality
- •Granger's test 389
- •scale factor 649
- •Census X11
- •Census X12 337
- •Chi-square
- •Cholesky factor
- •Classification table
- •Close
- •Coef (coefficient vector)
- •default 444
- •Coefficient
- •Comparison operators
- •Conditional standard deviation
- •graph 610
- •Confidence interval
- •Constant
- •Copy
- •data cut-and-paste 107
- •table to clipboard 437
- •Covariance matrix
- •HAC (Newey-West) 473
- •heteroskedasticity consistent of estimated coefficients 472
- •Create
- •Cross-equation
- •Tukey option 393
- •CUSUM
- •sum of recursive residuals test 589
- •sum of recursive squared residuals test 590
- •Data
- •Database
- •link options 303
- •using auto-updating series with 152
- •Dates
- •Default
- •database 24, 266
- •set directory 71
- •Dependent variable
- •Description
- •Descriptive statistics
- •by group 312
- •group 379
- •individual samples (group) 379
- •Display format
- •Display name
- •Distribution
- •Dummy variables
- •for regression 452
- •lagged dependent variable 495
- •Dynamic forecasting 556
- •Edit
- •See also Unit root tests.
- •Equation
- •create 443
- •store 458
- •Estimation
- •EViews
- •Excel file
- •Excel files
- •Expectation-prediction table
- •Expected dependent variable
- •double 352
- •Export data 114
- •Extreme value
- •binary model 624
- •Fetch
- •File
- •save table to 438
- •Files
- •Fitted index
- •Fitted values
- •Font options
- •Fonts
- •Forecast
- •evaluation 553
- •Foreign data
- •Formula
- •forecast 561
- •Freq
- •DRI database 303
- •F-test
- •for variance equality 321
- •Full information maximum likelihood 698
- •GARCH 601
- •ARCH-M model 603
- •variance factor 668
- •system 716
- •Goodness-of-fit
- •Gradients 963
- •Graph
- •remove elements 423
- •Groups
- •display format 94
- •Groupwise heteroskedasticity 380
- •Help
- •Heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent covariance (HAC) 473
- •History
- •Holt-Winters
- •Hypothesis tests
- •F-test 321
- •Identification
- •Identity
- •Import
- •Import data
- •See also VAR.
- •Index
- •Insert
- •Instruments 474
- •Iteration
- •Iteration option 953
- •in nonlinear least squares 483
- •J-statistic 491
- •J-test 596
- •Kernel
- •bivariate fit 405
- •choice in HAC weighting 704, 718
- •Kernel function
- •Keyboard
- •Kwiatkowski, Phillips, Schmidt, and Shin test 525
- •Label 82
- •Last_update
- •Last_write
- •Latent variable
- •Lead
- •make covariance matrix 643
- •List
- •LM test
- •ARCH 582
- •for binary models 622
- •LOWESS. See also LOESS
- •in ARIMA models 501
- •Mean absolute error 553
- •Metafile
- •Micro TSP
- •recoding 137
- •Models
- •add factors 777, 802
- •solving 804
- •Mouse 18
- •Multicollinearity 460
- •Name
- •Newey-West
- •Nonlinear coefficient restriction
- •Wald test 575
- •weighted two stage 486
- •Normal distribution
- •Numbers
- •chi-square tests 383
- •Object 73
- •Open
- •Option setting
- •Option settings
- •Or operator 98, 133
- •Ordinary residual
- •Panel
- •irregular 214
- •unit root tests 530
- •Paste 83
- •PcGive data 293
- •Polynomial distributed lag
- •Pool
- •Pool (object)
- •PostScript
- •Prediction table
- •Principal components 385
- •Program
- •p-value 569
- •for coefficient t-statistic 450
- •Quiet mode 939
- •RATS data
- •Read 832
- •CUSUM 589
- •Regression
- •Relational operators
- •Remarks
- •database 287
- •Residuals
- •Resize
- •Results
- •RichText Format
- •Robust standard errors
- •Robustness iterations
- •for regression 451
- •with AR specification 500
- •workfile 95
- •Save
- •Seasonal
- •Seasonal graphs 310
- •Select
- •single item 20
- •Serial correlation
- •theory 493
- •Series
- •Smoothing
- •Solve
- •Source
- •Specification test
- •Spreadsheet
- •Standard error
- •Standard error
- •binary models 634
- •Start
- •Starting values
- •Summary statistics
- •for regression variables 451
- •System
- •Table 429
- •font 434
- •Tabulation
- •Template 424
- •Tests. See also Hypothesis tests, Specification test and Goodness of fit.
- •Text file
- •open as workfile 54
- •Type
- •field in database query 282
- •Units
- •Update
- •Valmap
- •find label for value 173
- •find numeric value for label 174
- •Value maps 163
- •estimating 749
- •View
- •Wald test 572
- •nonlinear restriction 575
- •Watson test 323
- •Weighting matrix
- •heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent (HAC) 718
- •kernel options 718
- •White
- •Window
- •Workfile
- •storage defaults 940
- •Write 844
- •XY line
- •Yates' continuity correction 321
Print Setup—943
You should bear in mind that the strings in EViews alpha series are of fixed length, so that the size of each observation is equal to the length of the longest string. If you have a series with all short strings, with the exception of one very long string, the memory taken up by the series will be the number of observations times the longest string size.
Series Auto Labels
You may elect to have EViews keep a history of the commands that created or modified a series as part of the series label. You can choose to turn this option on or off.
Note that the series label may be viewed by selecting View/Label in a series window, or at the top of a series spreadsheet if the spreadsheet defaults are set to display labels (“Spreadsheet Defaults” on page 942).
Print Setup
The Print Setup options (File/Print Setup... on the main menu) determine the default print behavior when you print an object view.
The top of the Print Setup dialog provides you with choices for the destination of printed output.
You may elect to send your output directly to the printer by selecting the Printer radio button. The drop down menu allows you to choose between the printer instances available on your computer, and the Properties button allows you to customize settings for the selected printer.
Alternatively, you may select Redirect so that EViews will redirect your output.
There are three possible settings in the drop down menu: RTF spool file, Text spool file (graphs print), and Frozen objects.
944—Appendix A. Global Options
If you select RTF spool file, all of your subsequent print commands will be appended to the RTF file specified in Filename (the file will be created in the default path with an “.RTF” extension). You may use the Clear File button to empty the contents of the existing file.
If you select Text spool file (graphs print), all printed text output will be appended to the text file specified in Filename (the file will be created in the default path with a “.TXT” extension). Since graph output cannot be saved in text format, all printing involving graphs will be sent to the printer.
The last selection, Frozen objects, redirects print commands into newly created graph or table objects using the specified Base Object name. Each subsequent print command will create a new table or graph object in the current workfile, naming it using the base name and an
identifying number. For example, if you supply the base name of “OUT”, the first print command will generate a table or graph named OUT01, the second print command will generate OUT02, and so on.
The bottom portion of the Print Setup dialog sets various default settings for graph and table printing.
The Graph defaults section has settings for printing in portrait or landscape mode, scaling the size of the graph, positioning the graph on the page, and
choosing black and white or color printing. Note that some graph settings are not relevant when redirecting output, so that portions of the dialog may be grayed out.
The Text/Table defaults allow you to print in portrait or landscape mode, scale the size of the text, and to draw or not draw a box around the table. Some of these options are not available when redirecting output.
Note that these settings only specify the default settings for printing. You may override any of these settings when printing using the Print dialog or print command.