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62. Form nouns from the following verbs.

survey

connect

accomplish

vary

characterize

discriminate

limit

travel

digitize

refract

navigate

control

displace

detect

shoot

accelerate

reduce

attenuate

receive

record

convert

63. Fill in the gaps with correct prepositions.

1. Seismic sources are used ____ exploration and fall _____ one of the two principal categories.

2. Minimum offset is the distance _____ source ____ the nearest receiver.

3. Sample interval is the time interval _____ digital samples ___ the signal, which varies ____ less than 1 ms ____ 4 ms.

4. Geophones respond ____ either vertical or rotational motion.

5. The number ___ geophones ___ each position varies.

6. Taper of the array is the change ___ number of geophones ____ position ___ position.

64. Make up sentences.

1. the distance/ the nearest/ receiver/ from/ minimum/ offset/ to/ is/ the source.

2. distances/ short/ intervals/ are/ between/ holes.

3. the/ same/ multiple/ a/ from/ repeat/ reflection/ is/ interface.

4. multiple/ between/ intrabed/ bounces/ two/ reflectors.

5. two/ there/ seismic/ sources/ are/ kinds/ of.

6. vertical/ displacement/ geophones/ to/ rotational/ motion/ and/ respond.

7. acceleration/ displacement/ is/ derivative/ of.

8. to/ enhance/ multiple/ receivers/ the/ signal/ are/ used/ reduce/ noise/ and/ to.

65. Match the terms with their definitions.

1. normal movement

A. number of traces obtained for a common depth point

2. fold coverage

B. noise pattern that has low velocity that varies from 3500 to 5500 ft/sec

3. surface wave

C. a line single geophones

4. air wave

D. property of sampling systems in which an input signal of one frequency can yield the same values as a signal of another frequency

5. multiple

E. energy traveling from the source to the detectors through the air having a high-frequency component and low velocity of 1100 ft/sec

6. linear array

F. tapered array

7. weighted array

G. number of times a subsurface point is surveyed by different sources and detectors

8. aliasing

H. a repeat reflection from the same interface

9. digitizer

I. time correction applied to each trace account for its offset

10. fond

J. device that converts the analog signals from the geophones into discrete samples

66. Give definitions to the following terms.

P-wave aliasing

air wave CDP

67. Answer the following questions.

1. Which parameters of data acquisition are connected with distance?

2. Which parameters of data acquisition are connected with time?

3. What is normal movement?

4. What is velocity of surface wave?

5. Which of the waves has higher velocity: surface or air?

6. What three types of noise do you know?

7. What are the two kinds of multiples?

8. There are two types of seismic sources. What are they?

9. What are the functions of geophones?

10. What is the main function of multiple receivers?

11. What is the difference between linear and tapered array?

12. What is the main advantage of instrumentation?

13. What types of instrumentation do you know?

14. What is aliasing?

15. What is the difference between CDP and CMP?

16. What are the positive effects of reordering of the traces and summing them together?

17. What is end-on?

18. Which shooting configuration is called “pushing the cable” – the closest to the source or the farthest from it?

19. Which type of shooting is between pulling and pushing?

20. Which shooting technique allows to place depth points closer to the line termination?

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