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45. 9 Listen to the interview with Dr. Michio Kaku, Professor of Theoretical Physics, telling about leaks in the Earth’s magnetosphere. Choose the correct answer on the given questions.

  1. Holes in the magnetic field could

a) threat a global warming

      1. make some protective shield

      2. put a lot of functions at risk

2. What causes the phenomenon of leaks in the magnetic field?

a) a shock wave

b) the Sun activity

c) the peak of the sunspot cycle

  1. How often does this phenomenon happen?

  1. Once in 11 years

  2. Once in 20 years

  3. Once in 12 years

  1. Why is there such a regularity in the phenomenon manifestation?

  1. because there is a kind of a clock cycle that we have to wind up.

  2. this time is necessary for the magnetic field of the Sun to build up enough intensity

  3. because the solar shield gets ruined

  1. The consequence of the leaks in the Earth’s magnetic field functioning is that

  1. we could do nothing with them on the Earth

b) we should reinforce satellites and construct redundant systems

c) we should make some protective shield.

  1. The scientists could have made a mistake because

  1. they were not attentive

  2. they assumed that the next peak will be more serious.

  3. they did not have enough space satellites in the past

46. Tell about the stages of magnetic survey.

What is it necessary to have and to do for magnetic prospecting?

47. Give the explanation to the following diagram.

a. Country rock producing

regional magnetism

b. Topsoil producing

background magnetism

с. Deeply buried ores

d. Ores just below the surface

48. Make a presentation on the topic magnetic exploration.

Use the following plan.

A Title page

B Content page

C. General overview of magnetic field and magnetism (magnetic methods,

magnetic field, magnetism)

D. Magnetic measurements (accuracy, instruments, corrections)

E. Magnetic survey result interpretation (results presentation, types of

interpretation)

F. Conclusion

Answer all the possible questions concerning magnetic exploration.

    1. Work in groups. Think over, give your idea and justify your opinion.

1. Is the Earth a magnet?

  1. How does the core of the Earth generate a magnetic field?

  2. Why do models and chart of a geomagnetic field need to be periodically updated?

  3. Is it true that the magnetic field occasionally reverses its polarity? What causes the magnetic field to reverse its polarity?

  4. Could magnetic reversals be caused by meteorite or cometary impacts? Could reversals be caused by melting of the polar ice caps or some sort of planetary alignment?

  5. The strength of the magnetic field has been decreasing lately, does this mean that we are about to have a reversal?

  6. Could the mass extinctions observed in the paleontological record be correlated with magnetic reversals?

  7. Are variations in the geomagnetic field somehow associated with earthquakes or vice versa?

  8. Does the Earth’s magnetic field affect human health?

  9. Do animals use the magnetic field for orientation?

  10. What is a magnetic storm? What are the hazardous effects of magnetic storms? What are Auroras?

  11. Why do we measure the magnetic field at the Earth’s surface? Wouldn’t satellites be better suited for space-weather studies?

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