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7. Replace the underlined words with a suitable variant from the text.

  1. Fluid mechanics is the discipline concerned with behavior (the movement or conduct) of liquids and gases in quiescent state or when they are moving.

  2. Some of the basic components of a typical pipe system include the pipes themselves, the various parts which connect the individual pipes to form the desired system, the flowrate control devices and the pumps.

  3. For the situation when the pipe is not completely filled, gravity alone is the driving force for fluid. For other situations where the pipe is completely filled with the fluid being transported, gravity may be important, but the main driving force is likely to be a pressure gradient along the pipe.

  4. The region of flow near where the fluid comes into the pipe is termed the inlet area.

  5. The primary valve types are valves used to regulate flow, pressure, liquid level, cavitation and pressure transients, valves placed on each side of valves and valves which are designed to prevent reverse flow.

8. Answer the following questions.

  1. What is the difference between the following terms:

    • Pipe

    • Conduit

    • Duct

  2. What are the pipe system components and give their definitions?

  3. What is the difference between pipe flow and open-channel flow? Give examples.

  4. What factors can affect the Reynolds number during the transition fro laminar to turbulent flow?

  5. Why is velocity profile important in understanding different flows?

  6. What is a valve? Give examples, indicating their functions.

  7. What are the most important criteria for control valves?

9 . Discussion. Complete the following diagrams and give all necessary explanations.

Pipe system

flow

10. 9 You will hear a part of a lecture series on Fluid Mechanics. For questions 1-10, complete the sentences with a word or phrase.

To discuss the dynamics we have to be able to describe (1)

The description of motion is called (2)

In the contracted flow (3) have been used to identify pieces of fluid.

In elementary mechanics we are used to describing a position of material time as a (4)

In infinity of mass point it is necessary to pick (5) called initial time.

Velocity is the function of (6)

From the Lagrangian velocity it is easy to calculate (7)

As Lagrangian measurements are very complicated, it is more convenient to make measurements at points fixed at (8)

The fact that velocity at point of laboratory coordinates is not always referred to the same piece of matter leads to (9) between Lagrangian and Eularian representations.

(10) is an advantage of laboratory coordinates.

11. Prepare the following presentations.

  1. Laminar and turbulent flows

  2. Valve and their functions

  3. General Characteristics of Pipe Flow

  4. Pipe system components

  5. Fluid mechanics

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