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34. Choose the necessary word from the given.

  1. They intercepted/ timed/undertook a series of actions but everything was in vain.

  2. After collision with the iceberg Titanic spaced/ submerged/ towed in several hours.

  3. The depths of the reflecting layers are calculated from the two-way travel time/ peak/vessels.

  4. In wiggle traces sequence/ burst/trough indicates the magnitude of geophone movement.

  5. Hydrophone groups are plotted/spaced/ intercepted along the streamer that picks out ray paths.

  6. The Society of young hackers made a convention/ wiggle variable area display/ graphs to help each other in any trouble.

  7. In variable density displays, shades of gray are used to represent amplitude instead of peak/trough vessel/deflection/ magnitude.

  8. In offshore surveys air or water gun array is applied to produce short wave front/bursts/ peaks of sound energy.

35. Give the English equivalents of the words in the brackets.

  1. Many companies have their own (обозначения) for wiggle trace imaging.

  2. At shallow burial depths, (прогиб) represent low-velocity sands, (высшие точки) are high-velocity shales.

  3. The path of the minute portion of the reflected wave-front which (улавливается) by a hydrophone group is called a ray path.

  4. (последовательность, ряд) of regularly spaced seismic shots is made as the survey (судно) accurately navigates its course.

  5. (Подрывы) are usually timed to occur at distances equal to the (расстоянию) of the hydrophone groups

  6. Each echo represents sound, which has followed a slightly different ray path, but has all been reflected from the same (общая глубинная точка).

  7. (Акустическое зондирование было предпринято) to identify potentially oil-bearing sedimentary basins.

  8. After processing seismic data is (представляются графически).

36. Fill in the gaps using the terms from the text.

  1. Massive _______ _______ containing oil or gas reservoirs are commonly hidden beneath non-productive rocks.

  2. Cheap _______ and _____ _____ can detect sedimentary basins where there might be oil, but expensive seismic surveys are essential to discover oil and gas bearing structures.

  3. _______ _______ can yield more accurate information about the rock layers in areas with complex geology.

  4. In offshore areas marine surveys are undertaken by a ship towing an air or water gun array which generates short ______ of sound energy.

  5. _____ _____ _____ is known as the time needed for the sound to reach the hydrophones via the reflector which is used for calculation of depths.

  6. Hydrophones intercept the path of the minute portion of the reflected wave-front which is called a _______ ______ .

  7. Graphs of the intensity of the recorded sound are plotted against the two-way time and as a result ______ ______are displayed.

  8. Two-way time represents the vertical axis of the wiggle, and the amplitude of the peak or trough indicates the ______ of ______ ___.

  9. For convenience of interpretation, peaks face _____ and are colored _____ .

  10. Variable density displays make use of ______ of ______ .

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