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Words and expressions

to erode

разрушать

sheer

полный, явный

prevailing

преобладающий, превалирующий

deviance

отклонение

to collapse

разрушать

to track

следить, отслеживать

staff

персонал

paralysis

бессилие

to flaw

повредить

offload

быть бессильным

outsourcing

аутсорсинг (передача стороннему подрядчику бизнес-функций)

cost savings

снижение себестоимости

dependence

зависимость

e-business

интернет-компания, дот-ком (фирма, ведущая бизнес в интернете)

Exercise 10. Answer the following questions.

  1. What human benefits did Schumacher have in view when he coined the phrase "small is beautiful"?

  2. Did other economists and industrialists share his opinion?

  3. How did industrialists intend to minimize possible human error or deviance in a large company?

  4. What other strategy besides controlling size did IBM use to reinvest itself in 1990s?

  5. Was outsourcing strategy an efficient measure? What is the logic of this strategy?

Exercise 11. Put the sentence in the logical order.

A Yet the IBM staff still believed that creative, structural solutions would save the day

B First, by outsourcing manufacturing IBM made possible a massive strategic shift.

C In the 1970s the British economist E. F. Schumacher coined the phrase "small is beautiful.

D Outsourcing was its most spectacular strategy.

E They rightly question the general assumption that outsourcing is always best.

F Small in this sense is beautiful.

G Schumacher was largely ignored outside Europe

Exercise 12. Match up the words and definitions.

1) economies of scale;

2) to erode;

3) deviance;

4) exponent;

5) outsourcing;

6) to outperform;

7) far-flung;

8) ambiguity.

a) something that is different from what is socially acceptable;

b) a person who expresses support, performs, or is an example of a stated thing;

c) the advantages that a big factory, shop, etc. has over a smaller one because it can spread its fixed costs over a larger number of units and therefore produce or sell things more cheaply

d) to perform better than anyone else;

e) to wear or to be won’t away gradually, esp. by slow action of water, wind, etc.;

f) if a company, organization, etc. employs another company to do a part of its contract;

g) a situation, when there is more than one possible meaning or interpretation; unclear;

h) spread over a great distance.

Exercise 13. Translate into English.

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