- •Preface
- •Acknowledgments
- •Contents
- •Contributors
- •1. Introduction
- •2. Evaluation of the Craniomaxillofacial Deformity Patient
- •3. Craniofacial Deformities: Review of Etiologies, Distribution, and Their Classification
- •4. Etiology of Skeletal Malocclusion
- •5. Etiology, Distribution, and Classification of Craniomaxillofacial Deformities: Traumatic Defects
- •6. Etiology, Distribution, and Classification of Craniomaxillofacial Deformities: Review of Nasal Deformities
- •7. Review of Benign Tumors of the Maxillofacial Region and Considerations for Bone Invasion
- •8. Oral Malignancies: Etiology, Distribution, and Basic Treatment Considerations
- •9. Craniomaxillofacial Bone Infections: Etiologies, Distributions, and Associated Defects
- •11. Craniomaxillofacial Bone Healing, Biomechanics, and Rigid Internal Fixation
- •12. Metal for Craniomaxillofacial Internal Fixation Implants and Its Physiological Implications
- •13. Bioresorbable Materials for Bone Fixation: Review of Biological Concepts and Mechanical Aspects
- •14. Advanced Bone Healing Concepts in Craniomaxillofacial Reconstructive and Corrective Bone Surgery
- •15. The ITI Dental Implant System
- •16. Localized Ridge Augmentation Using Guided Bone Regeneration in Deficient Implant Sites
- •17. The ITI Dental Implant System in Maxillofacial Applications
- •18. Maxillary Sinus Grafting and Osseointegration Surgery
- •19. Computerized Tomography and Its Use for Craniomaxillofacial Dental Implantology
- •20B. Atlas of Cases
- •21A. Prosthodontic Considerations in Dental Implant Restoration
- •21B. Overdenture Case Reports
- •22. AO/ASIF Mandibular Hardware
- •23. Aesthetic Considerations in Reconstructive and Corrective Craniomaxillofacial Bone Surgery
- •24. Considerations for Reconstruction of the Head and Neck Oncologic Patient
- •25. Autogenous Bone Grafts in Maxillofacial Reconstruction
- •26. Current Practice and Future Trends in Craniomaxillofacial Reconstructive and Corrective Microvascular Bone Surgery
- •27. Considerations in the Fixation of Bone Grafts for the Reconstruction of Mandibular Continuity Defects
- •28. Indications and Technical Considerations of Different Fibula Grafts
- •29. Soft Tissue Flaps for Coverage of Craniomaxillofacial Osseous Continuity Defects with or Without Bone Graft and Rigid Fixation
- •30. Mandibular Condyle Reconstruction with Free Costochondral Grafting
- •31. Microsurgical Reconstruction of Large Defects of the Maxilla, Midface, and Cranial Base
- •32. Condylar Prosthesis for the Replacement of the Mandibular Condyle
- •33. Problems Related to Mandibular Condylar Prosthesis
- •34. Reconstruction of Defects of the Mandibular Angle
- •35. Mandibular Body Reconstruction
- •36. Marginal Mandibulectomy
- •37. Reconstruction of Extensive Anterior Defects of the Mandible
- •38. Radiation Therapy and Considerations for Internal Fixation Devices
- •39. Management of Posttraumatic Osteomyelitis of the Mandible
- •40. Bilateral Maxillary Defects: THORP Plate Reconstruction with Removable Prosthesis
- •41. AO/ASIF Craniofacial Fixation System Hardware
- •43. Orbital Reconstruction
- •44. Nasal Reconstruction Using Bone Grafts and Rigid Internal Fixation
- •46. Orthognathic Examination
- •47. Considerations in Planning for Bimaxillary Surgery and the Implications of Rigid Internal Fixation
- •48. Reconstruction of Cleft Lip and Palate Osseous Defects and Deformities
- •49. Maxillary Osteotomies and Considerations for Rigid Internal Fixation
- •50. Mandibular Osteotomies and Considerations for Rigid Internal Fixation
- •51. Genioplasty Techniques and Considerations for Rigid Internal Fixation
- •52. Long-Term Stability of Maxillary and Mandibular Osteotomies with Rigid Internal Fixation
- •53. Le Fort II and Le Fort III Osteotomies for Midface Reconstruction and Considerations for Internal Fixation
- •54. Craniofacial Deformities: Introduction and Principles of Management
- •55. The Effects of Plate and Screw Fixation on the Growing Craniofacial Skeleton
- •56. Calvarial Bone Graft Harvesting Techniques: Considerations for Their Use with Rigid Fixation Techniques in the Craniomaxillofacial Region
- •57. Crouzon Syndrome: Basic Dysmorphology and Staging of Reconstruction
- •58. Hemifacial Microsomia
- •59. Orbital Hypertelorism: Surgical Management
- •60. Surgical Correction of the Apert Craniofacial Deformities
- •Index
Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
vii |
|
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
ix |
|
Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
xvii |
|
1 |
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
. 1 |
|
Alex M. Greenberg and Joachim Prein |
|
Section I Basic Considerations in the Diagnosis of Craniomaxillofacial Bone Defects and Disorders
2 |
Evaluation of the Craniomaxillofacial Deformity Patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
5 |
|
Jackson P. Morgan, III and Richard H. Haug |
|
3Craniofacial Deformities: Review of Etiologies, Distribution,
|
and Their Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
22 |
|
Craig R. Dufresne |
|
4 |
Etiology of Skeletal Malocclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
38 |
|
Bruce L. Greenberg |
|
5 |
Etiology, Distribution, and Classification of Craniomaxillofacial |
|
|
Deformities: Traumatic Defects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
43 |
|
Richard H. Haug and Jackson P. Morgan, III |
|
6 |
Etiology, Distribution, and Classification of Craniomaxillofacial |
|
|
Deformities: Review of Nasal Deformities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
49 |
|
John G. Hunter |
|
7Review of Benign Tumors of the Maxillofacial Region and Considerations
for Bone Invasion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
59 |
Joachim Prein |
|
8Oral Malignancies: Etiology, Distribution, and Basic Treatment Considerations . . . . 65
Anna-Lisa Söderholm
9Craniomaxillofacial Bone Infections: Etiologies, Distributions,
and Associated Defects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Darin L. Wright and Robert M. Kellman
xi
xii |
Contents |
10 A New Classification System for Craniomaxillofacial Deformities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Richard H. Haug and Alex M. Greenberg
Section II Biomechanics of Internal Fixation and Dental Osseointegration Implantology
11Craniomaxillofacial Bone Healing, Biomechanics, and Rigid Internal Fixation . . . . 101
Frederick J. Kummer
12Metal for Craniomaxillofacial Internal Fixation Implants
and Its Physiological Implications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Samuel G. Steinemann
13 Bioresorbable Materials for Bone Fixation: Review of
Biological Concepts and Mechanical Aspects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Riitta Suuronen and Christian Lindqvist
14 Advanced Bone Healing Concepts in Craniomaxillofacial Reconstructive
and Corrective Bone Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Tomas Albrektsson, Lars Sennerby, and Anders Tjellström
15 The ITI Dental Implant System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Hans-Peter Weber, Daniel A. Buser, and Dieter Weingart
16 Localized Ridge Augmentation Using Guided Bone Regeneration in
Deficient Implant Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Daniel A. Buser, Dieter Weingart, and Hans-Peter Weber
17 The ITI Dental Implant System in Maxillofacial Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Dieter Weingart, Daniel A. Buser, and Hans-Peter Weber
18 Maxillary Sinus Grafting and Osseointegration Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Jeffrey I. Stein and Alex M. Greenberg
19 Computerized Tomography and Its Use for Craniomaxillofacial
Dental Implantology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Morton Jacobs
20A Radiographic Evaluation of the Craniomaxillofacial Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
210 |
|
|
Dorrit Hallikainen, Christian Lindqvist, and Anna-Lisa Söderholm |
|
20B |
Atlas of Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
220 |
|
Christian Lindqvist, Dorrit Hallikainen, and Anna-Lisa Söderholm |
|
21A |
Prosthodontic Considerations in Dental Implant Restoration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
232 |
|
James H. Abjanich and Ira H. Orenstein |
|
21B |
Overdenture Case Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
262 |
|
Alex M. Greenberg |
|
Section III Craniomaxillofacial Reconstructive and Corrective Bone Surgery |
|
|
22 |
AO/ASIF Mandibular Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
269 |
|
Joachim Prein and Alex M. Greenberg |
|
Contents |
xiii |
23 Aesthetic Considerations in Reconstructive and
Corrective Craniomaxillofacial Bone Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
R. Gregory Smith and Luc M. Cesteleyn
Section IV Craniomaxillofacial Reconstructive Bone Surgery
24 |
Considerations for Reconstruction of the Head and Neck Oncologic Patient . . . . . . |
289 |
|
Douglas W. Klotch and Neal D. Futran |
|
25 |
Autogenous Bone Grafts in Maxillofacial Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
295 |
|
Michael Ehrenfeld and Christine Hagenmaier |
|
26 |
Current Practice and Future Trends in Craniomaxillofacial Reconstructive |
|
|
and Corrective Microvascular Bone Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
310 |
|
Hubert Weinberg, Lester Silver, and Jin K. Chun |
|
27 |
Considerations in the Fixation of Bone Grafts for the Reconstruction |
|
|
of Mandibular Continuity Defects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
317 |
|
Peter Stoll, Joachim Prein, Wolfgang Bähr, and Rüdiger Wächter |
|
28 |
Indications and Technical Considerations of Different Fibula Grafts . . . . . . . . . . . . |
327 |
|
Peter Stoll |
|
29 |
Soft Tissue Flaps for Coverage of Craniomaxillofacial Osseous Continuity |
|
|
Defects with or Without Bone Graft and Rigid Fixation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
335 |
|
Barry L. Wenig |
|
30 |
Mandibular Condyle Reconstruction with Free Costochondral Grafting . . . . . . . . . . |
343 |
|
Christian Lindqvist |
|
31 |
Microsurgical Reconstruction of Large Defects of the Maxilla, Midface, |
|
|
and Cranial Base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
356 |
|
Rainer Schmelzeisen |
|
32 |
Condylar Prosthesis for the Replacement of the Mandibular Condyle . . . . . . . . . . . |
372 |
|
Joachim Prein |
|
33 |
Problems Related to Mandibular Condylar Prosthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
377 |
|
Christian Lindqvist, Anna-Lisa Söderholm, and Dorrit Hallikainen |
|
34 |
Reconstruction of Defects of the Mandibular Angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
389 |
|
Mark A. Schusterman and Elisabeth K. Beahm |
|
35 |
Mandibular Body Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
395 |
|
Anna-Lisa Söderholm, Dorrit Hallikainen, and Christian Lindqvist |
|
36 |
Marginal Mandibulectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
411 |
|
Sanford Dubner and Keith S. Heller |
|
37 |
Reconstruction of Extensive Anterior Defects of the Mandible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
414 |
|
Joachim Prein and Beat Hammer |
|
38 |
Radiation Therapy and Considerations for Internal Fixation Devices . . . . . . . . . . . |
419 |
|
Peter Stoll and Rüdiger Wächter |
|
xiv |
|
Contents |
39 |
Management of Posttraumatic Osteomyelitis of the Mandible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
. . 433 |
|
Robert M. Kellman and Darin L. Wright |
|
40 |
Bilateral Maxillary Defects: THORP Plate Reconstruction with |
|
|
Removable Prosthesis. Technique/Atlas Case Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
. 439 |
|
Christian Lindqvist, Lars Sjövall, Anna-Lisa Söderholm, and Dorrit Hallikainen |
|
41 |
AO/ASIF Craniofacial Fixation System Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
. 445 |
|
Alex M. Greenberg and Joachim Prein |
|
42 |
Microvascular Reconstruction of the Condyle and the Ascending Ramus . . . . . . . |
. 462 |
|
Rainer Schmelzeisen and Friedrich Wilhelm Neukam |
|
43 |
Orbital Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
. 478 |
|
Beat Hammer |
|
44 |
Nasal Reconstruction Using Bone Grafts and Rigid Internal Fixation . . . . . . . . . . |
. 483 |
|
Patrick K. Sullivan, Mika Varma, and Arlene A. Rozzelle |
|
45 |
Transfacial Access Osteotomies to the Central and |
|
|
Anterolateral Skull Base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
. 489 |
|
Robert B. Stanley, Jr. |
|
Section V Craniomaxillofacial Corrective Bone Surgery
46 Orthognathic Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497
Peter Ward-Booth
47 Considerations in Planning for Bimaxillary Surgery and the Implications
of Rigid Internal Fixation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 522
Brian Alpert, George M. Kushner, and Gerald D. Verdi
48 Reconstruction of Cleft Lip and Palate Osseous Defects and Deformities . . . . . . . . 539
Klaus Honigmann and Adrian Sugar
49 Maxillary Osteotomies and Considerations for Rigid Internal Fixation . . . . . . . . . . 581
Alex M. Greenberg
50 Mandibular Osteotomies and Considerations for Rigid Internal Fixation . . . . . . . . . 606
Victor Escobar, Alex M. Greenberg, and Alan Schwimmer
51 Genioplasty Techniques and Considerations for Rigid Internal Fixation . . . . . . . . . 623
Frans H.M. Kroon
52 Long-Term Stability of Maxillary and Mandibular Osteotomies with
Rigid Internal Fixation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639
Joseph E. Van Sickels, Paul Casmedes, and Thomas Weil
53 Le Fort II and Le Fort III Osteotomies for Midface Reconstruction and
Considerations for Internal Fixation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 660
Keith Jones
Contents |
xv |
Section VI Craniofacial Surgery
54 Craniofacial Deformities: Introduction and Principles of Management . . . . . . . . . . 671
G.E. Ghali, Wichit Tharanon, and Douglas P. Sinn
55 The Effects of Plate and Screw Fixation on the Growing Craniofacial Skeleton . . . . 693
Michael J. Yaremchuk
56 Calvarial Bone Graft Harvesting Techniques: Considerations for Their Use
with Rigid Fixation Techniques in the Craniomaxillofacial Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . 700
John L. Frodel, Jr.
57 Crouzon Syndrome: Basic Dysmorphology and Staging of Reconstruction . . . . . . . 713
Jeffrey C. Posnick
58 Hemifacial Microsomia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 727
John H. Phillips, Kevin Bush, and R. Bruce Ross
59 Orbital Hypertelorism: Surgical Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 738
Antonio Fuente del Campo
60 Surgical Correction of the Apert Craniofacial Deformities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 749
E. Clyde Smoot, III and William L. Hickerson
Appendix A1 Distraction Osteogenesis of the Mandible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 757
Alex M. Greenberg and Joachim Prein
Appendix A2 ITI Strauman Dental Implant System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
765 |
Alex M. Greenberg |
|
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
769 |
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