285

“The most degraded of them all Mediterranean we call.

His hair is crisp and even curls And he is saucy with the girls.”

Ripley himself had little or nothing, in a direct sense, to do with this efflorescence of speculative psychology, for the attitude of differential racial values had been crystallized as early as Gobineau; ⁴¹ but he did give the exponents of this school a facile terminology. Racial nationalism had been growing before Ripley’s time; but he, for the first time, gave the laymen a racial classification which they could understand, and which could be converted into catchwords.

Like his predecessors, Ripley was discreet about the age of white men on European soil; only in the case of the Alpines was he willing to set a culturally stabilized date. In his day it was generally believed that the Neolithic went back to anywhere from eight to fourteen thousand B.C., and the Mesolithic period was not generally recognized. Furthermore the function of the glacier in regard to human habitat was but poorly comprehended. Ripley did, however, make one speculation about the survival of preglacial man in Europe; he postulated that some of the inhabitants of the Dordogne region in France might be Cr6-Magnon descendants.

Some twenty years previously Verneau ⁴² had remarked upon the re­semblance between Guanche crania from the Canary Islands and these Cr6-Magnon skulls, and had postulated a genetic relationship between the two peoples so separated in space and in time. In 1896 von Luschan and Meyer ⁴³ reaffirmed this relationship, and this endorsement prepared the way for a more accurate realization of the part played by survivors from the last glacial period in the modern peopling of Europe. It was soon realized that, if Upper Palaeolithic man could survive in the Canary Islands, he could persist elsewhere as ,well, and from this start arose the theory that the Cr6-Magnon people had retreated northward with the glacier, and had survived in Scandinavia. Paudler,⁴⁴ in his Die helifar- bigen Rassen, first put this thesis into digestible form, and distinguished between his “Dalo-Nordic” or “Falish” (Gunther), which is tall, long­headed, with a mesorrhine nose and short, broad face, and a “Teuto- Nordic” which is also tall and long headed, but has a long, narrow nose

41. Gobineau, a. De, Essai sur Vinegaliti des races humaines.

42. Verneau, R., BMSA, Paris, ser. 2, vol. 2, 1876, pp. 408-417; Arch des Missions Scientifiques et Litteraires, Paris, 1887, ser. 3, vol. 13, pp. 567-817.

48. Meyer, h., Die Insel Tenerife; Uber die Urbewohner der Canarischen Inseln.

Luschan, F. von, article in Meyer, Tenerijfe.

⁴⁴ Paudler, F., Die hellfarbigen Rassen. See also his earlier article in Anthropos, vols. 12- 13, 1917-18, pp. 641-694.