- •Published, April, 1939.
- •Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Introduction 78-82
- •Introduction 131-135
- •Introduction 297-298
- •Introduction 400-401
- •Introduction 510-511
- •List of maps
- •Introduction to the historical study of the white race
- •Statement of aims and proposals
- •Theory and principles of the concept race
- •Materials and techniques of osteology**
- •Pleistocene white men
- •Pleistocene climate
- •Sapiens men of the middle pleistocene
- •The neanderthaloid hybrids of palestine
- •Upper palaeolithic man in europe,
- •Fig. 2. Neanderthal Man. Fig. 3. Cro-Magnon Man.
- •Aurignacian man in east africa
- •The magdalenians
- •Upper palaeolithic man in china
- •Summary and conclusions
- •Fig. 12. Fjelkinge, Skane, Sweden. Neolithic.
- •Mesolithic man in africa
- •The natufians of palestine
- •The midden-d wellers of the tagus
- •Mesolithic man in france
- •The ofnet head burials
- •Mesolithic man in the crimea
- •Palaeolithic survivals in the northwest
- •Clarke, j. G. D., op. Cit., pp. 133-136.
- •38 Fiirst, Carl m., fkva, vol. 20, 1925, pp. 274-293.
- •Aichel, Otto, Der deutsche Mensch. The specimens referred to are b 5, ks 11032, ks 11254b, b 38, b 34, b 37, b 10.
- •Clarke, j. G. D., op. Citpp. 133-136.
- •Summary and conclusions
- •The neolithic invasions
- •(1) Introduction
- •1 Childe, V. Gordon, The Dawn of European Civilization; The Most Ancient East; The Danube in Prehistory; New Light on the Most Ancient East; Man Makes Himself.
- •And chronology '
- •The neolithic and the mediterranean race
- •Vault medium to thin, muscular relief on vault as a rule slight.
- •Iran and iraq
- •Vallois, h. V., “Notes sur les Tfctes Osseuses,” in Contencau, g., and Ghirsh- man, a., Fouilles de Tepe Giyan.
- •Jordan, j., apaw, Jh. 1932, #2.
- •Keith, Sir Arthur, “Report on the Human Remains, Ur Excavations,” vol. 1: in Hall, h. R. H„ and Woolley, c. L., Al 'Ubaid,
- •10 Frankfort, h., “Oriental Institute Discoveries in Iraq, 1933-34,” Fourth Preliminary Report, coic #19, 1935,
- •Civilized men in egypt
- •11 Morant, g. M., Biometrika, 1925, p. 4.
- •12 This summary of climatic changes in Egypt is based on Childe, V. G., New Light
- •18 Childe, op. Cit.Y p. 35. 14 Leakey, l. S. B., Stone Age Africa, pp. 177-178.
- •Brunton, Guy, Antiquity, vol. 3, #12, Dec., 1929, pp. 456-457.
- •Menghin, o., Lecture at Harvard University, April 6, 1937.
- •Childe, V. G., op. Cit.Y p. 64.
- •Derry, Douglas, sawv, Jahrgang, 1932, #1-4, pp. 60-61. 20 Ibid., p. 306.
- •Morant, g. M., Biometrika, 1927, vol. 27, pp. 293-309.
- •21 Morant, g. M., Biometrika, vol. 17, 1925, pp. 1-52.
- •Morant, op. Cit., 1925.
- •Neolithic north africa
- •(6) The neolithic in spain and portugal
- •The eastern source areas: south, central, and north
- •The danubian culture bearers
- •The corded or battle-axe people
- •The neolithic in the british isles
- •Western europe and the alpine race
- •Schlaginhaufen, o., op. Cit.
- •Schenk, a., reap, vol. 14, 1904, pp. 335-375.
- •Childe, The Danube in Prehistory, pp. 163, 174.
- •Neolithic scandinavia
- •Introduction
- •Bronze age movements and chronology
- •The bronze age in western asia
- •The minoans
- •The greeks
- •Basques, phoenicians, and etruscans
- •The bronze age in britain
- •The bronze age in central europe
- •The bronze age in the north
- •The bronze age on the eastern plains
- •The final bronze age and cremation
- •Summary and conclusions
- •Race, languages, and european peoples
- •The illyrians
- •The kelts
- •Vallois, h. V., Les Ossements Bretons de Kerne, TouUBras, et Port-Bara.
- •We know the stature of Kelts in the British Isles only from a small Irish group, and by inference from comparison with mediaeval English counterparts of Iron Age skeletons.
- •Greenwell, w., Archaeologia, vol. 60, part 1, pp. 251-312.
- •Morant, g. M., Biometrika, 1926, vol. 18, pp. 56-98.
- •The romans
- •46 Whatmouffh. J., The Foundations of Roman Italy.
- •The scythians
- •88 Browne, c. R., pria, vol. 2, ser. 3, 1899, pp. 649—654.
- •88 Whatmough is in doubt as to their linguistic affiliation. Whatmough, j., op. Cit., pp. 202-205.
- •Fig. 29. Scythians, from the Kul Oba Vase. Redrawn from Minns, e. H., Scythians and Greeks, p. 201, Fig. 94.
- •Doniti, a., Crania Scythica, mssr, ser. 3, Tomul X, Mem. 9, Bucharest, 1935.
- •The germanic peoples
- •Stoiyhwo, k., Swiatowit, vol. 6, 1905, pp. 73-80.
- •Bunak, V. V., raj, vol. 17, 1929, pp. 64-87.
- •Shetelig, h., Falk, h., and Gordon, e. V., Scandinavian Archaeology, pp. 174-175.
- •70 Hubert, h., The Rise of the Celts, pp. 50-52.
- •71 Nielsen, h. A., anoh, II Rakke, vol. 21, 1906, pp. 237-318; ibid., III Rakke, vol. 5, 1915, pp. 360-365. Reworked.
- •Retzius, g., Crania Suecica, reworked.
- •78 Schliz, a., pz, vol. 5, 1913, pp. 148-157.
- •Barras de Aragon, f. De las, msae, vol. 6, 1927, pp. 141-186.
- •78 Hauschild, m. W., zfma, vol. 25, 1925, pp. 221-242.
- •79 Morant, g. M., Biometrika, vol. 18, 1926, pp. 56-98.
- •8° Reche, o., vur, vol. 4, 1929, pp. 129-158, 193-215.
- •Kendrick, t. D., and Hawkes, c. F. C., Archaeology in England and Wales, 1914-1931.
- •Morant, Biometrika, vol. 18, 1926, pp. 56-98.
- •Lambdoid flattening is a characteristic common to Neanderthal and Upper Palaeolithic man, but rare in the exclusively Mediterranean group.
- •Calculated from a number of series, involving over 120 adult males. Sources:
- •Peake, h., and Hooton, e. A., jrai, vol. 45, 1915, pp. 92-130.
- •Bryce, t. H., psas, vol. 61, 1927, pp. 301-317.
- •Ecker, a., Crania Germanica.
- •Vram, u., rdar, vol. 9, 1903, pp. 151-159.
- •06 Miiller, g., loc. Cit.
- •98 Lebzelter, V., and Thalmann, g., zfrk, vol. 1, 1935, pp. 274-288.
- •97 Hamy, e. T., Anth, vol. 4, 1893, pp. 513-534; vol. 19, 1908, pp. 47-68.
- •The slavs
- •Conclusions
- •The iron age, part II Speakers of Uralic and Altaic
- •The turks and mongols
- •I® Ibid.
- •Introduction to the study of the living
- •Materials and techniques
- •Distribution of bodily characters
- •Distribution of bodily characters
- •Distribution of bodily characters
- •2. Skin of tawny white, nose narrow,
- •Hair Flaxen
- •Gobineau, a. De, Essai sur Vinegaliti des races humaines.
- •Meyer, h., Die Insel Tenerife; Uber die Urbewohner der Canarischen Inseln.
- •46 Eickstedt, e. Von, Rassenkunde und Rassengeschichte der Menschheit.
- •Nordenstreng, r., Europas Mdnniskoraser och Folkslag.
- •Montandon, g., La Race, Les Races.
- •Large-headed palaeolithic survivors
- •Pure and mixed palaeolithic and mesolithic survivors of moderate head size56
- •Pure and mixed unbrachtcephalized mediterranean deriva tives
- •Brachtcephauzed mediterranean derivatives, probably mixed
- •The north
- •Introduction
- •The lapps
- •I Wiklund, k. B., gb, vol. 13, 1923, pp. 223-242.
- •7 Schreiner, a., Die Nord-Norweger; Hellemo (Tysfjord Lappen).
- •8 Gjessing, r., Die Kautokeinolappen.
- •10 Kajava, y., Beitr'dge zur Kenntnis der Rasseneigenschaften der Lappen Finnlands.
- •17 For a complete bibliography of early Lappish series, see the lists of Bryn, the two Schreiners, Geyer, Kajava, and Zolotarev.
- •Schreiner, k. E., Zur Osteologie der Lappen.
- •Gjessing, r., Die Kautokeinolappen, pp. 90-95.
- •Hatt, g., Notes on Reindeer Nomadism, maaa, vol. 6, 1919. This is one of the few points regarding the history of reindeer husbandry upon which these two authorities agree.
- •The samoyeds26
- •Scandinavia; norway
- •Iceland
- •Sweden64
- •Denmark62
- •The finno-ugrians, introduction
- •Fig. 31. Linguistic Relationships of Finno-Ugrian Speaking Peoples.
- •Racial characters of the eastern finns
- •The baltic finns: finland
- •The baltic-speaking peoples
- •Conclusions
- •The british isles
- •R£sum£ of skeletal history
- •Ireland
- •Great britain, general survey
- •Fig. 32. Composite Silhouettes of English Men and Women.
- •The british isles, summary
- •Introduction
- •Lapps and samoyeds
- •Mongoloid influences in eastern europe and in turkestan
- •Brunn survivors in scandinavia
- •Borreby survivors in the north
- •East baltics
- •Carpathian and balkan borreby-like types
- •The alpine race in germany
- •The alpine race in western and central europe
- •Aberrant alpine forms in western and central europe
- •Alpines from central, eastern, and southeastern europe
- •Asiatic alpines
- •The mediterranean race in arabia
- •Long-faced mediterraneans of the western asiatic highlands
- •Long-faced mediterraneans of the western asiatic highlands: the irano-afghan race
- •Gypsies, dark-skinned mediterraneans, and south arabian veddoids
- •The negroid periphery of the mediterranean race
- •Mediterraneans from north africa
- •Small mediterraneans of southern europe
- •Atlanto-mediterraneans from southwestern europe
- •Blue-eyed atlanto-mediterraneans
- •The mediterranean reemergence in great britain
- •The pontic mediterraneans
- •The nordic race: examples of corded predominance
- •The nordic race: examples of danubian predominance
- •The nordic race: hallstatt and keltic iron age types
- •Exotic nordics
- •Nordics altered by northwestern european upper palaeolithic mixture: I
- •Nordics altered by northwestern european upper palaeolithic mixture: II
- •Nordics altered by mixture with southwestern borreby and alpine elements
- •The principle of dinaricization
- •European dinarics: I
- •European dinarics: II
- •European dinarics: III
- •European dinarics: IV
- •Dinarics in western asia: I
- •Dinarics in western asia: II
- •Armenoid armenians
- •Dinaricized forms from arabia and central asia
- •The jews: I
- •The jews: II
- •The jews: III
- •The mediterranean world
- •Introduction
- •The mediterranean rage in arabia
- •The mediterranean world
- •7 Lawrence, Col. T. E., The Seven Pillars of Wisdom.
- •The Distribution of Iranian Languages
- •The turks as mediterraneans
- •Fig, 37. Ancient Jew.
- •North africa, introduction
- •Fig. 38. Ancient Libyan. Redrawn from
- •The tuareg
- •Eastern barbary, algeria, and tunisia
- •The iberian peninsula
- •The western mediterranean islands
- •The basques
- •The gypsies
- •Chapter XII
- •The central zone, a study in reemergence
- •Introduction
- •8 Collignon, r., msap, 1894.
- •9 Collignon, r., bsap, 1883; Anth, 1893.
- •Belgium
- •The netherlands and frisia
- •Germany
- •Switzerland and austria
- •The living slavs
- •Languages of East-Central Europe and of the Balkans
- •The magyars
- •The living slavs (Concluded)
- •Albania and the dinaric race
- •The greeks
- •Bulgaria
- •Rumania and the vlachs
- •The osmanli turks
- •Turkestan and the tajiks
- •Conclusions
- •Conclusion
- •Comments and reflections
- •The white race and the new world
- •IflnrlrH
- •Alveon (also prosthion). The most anterior point on the alveolar border of the upper jaw, on the median line between the two upper median incisors.
- •Length of the clavicle (collar bone) and that of the humerus (upper arm bone);
- •Incipiently mongoloid. A racial type which has evolved part way in a mongoloid direction, and which may have other, non-mongoloid specializations of its own, is called incipiently mongoloid.
- •List of books
- •Index of authors
- •54; Language distribution, 561, map; Jews in, 642; Neo-Danubian, ill., Plate 31, Jig. 4.
- •Map; classified, 577; racial characteristics, 578-79; ill., Plate 3, fig. 3.
- •Ill., Plate 6, Jigs. 1-5; survivors in Carpathians and Balkans, ill., Plate 8, figs. 1-6; Nordic blend, ill., Plate 34, figs.
- •61; Associated with large head size, 265, 266. See also Cephalic index, Cranial measurements.
- •Ill., Plate 36, fig. 1. See also Great Britain, Ireland, Scotland.
- •Ill., Plate 30, fig. 2.
- •85; Von Eickstedt’s, 286-88; Gzek- anowski’s system, 288-89; author’s, 289-96; schematic representation, 290, chart; geographic, 294- 95, map.
- •396; Cornishmen in France, 512, 514.
Appendix
II
GLOSSARY
Adriatic.
Aeneolithic.
Afalou
type.
Afghanian.
Ahrensburg.
A
Albino.
A
Alpine.
A
Altaic.
Alveolar.
Alveolar
prognathism.
Anan’ino.
Ancylus.
Andronovo.
A
Anglo-Saxon
type.
Annular
constriction.
Anthropometry.
Arctic
Culture.
An
Arcus
senilis. A
Armenoid.
Artifact.
Ascending
ramus.
666A
name given by Deniker to the Dinaric race. See p. 282.The
Copper Age, a period of transition between the Neolithic and the
Bronze Age.The
rugged, oversized racial type
found
at
Afalou
bou Rummel in Algeria.Name
proposed in the present work for the skeletal counterpart of the
Irano-Afghan race. See p. 85.tanged-point
culture of the Early Mesolithic in northwestern Europe. See p. 70.person
totally deficient in pigmentation.Alopecia.
Baldness.name
proposed by Ripley and used in this work in its original sense. The
main group of reduced Upper Palaeolithic survivors in Europe and in
western and central Asia. See p. 291.A
linguistic stock widely prevalent in Asia and to a lesser extent in
Europe, including Turkish, Mongolian, Tungusic, and possibly Korean.
See pp. 236-240.Pertaining
to the tooth-bearing segments of the
maxillary
bones.A
protrusion of the jaws, specifically in the region lying between the
nose and the teeth.Alveon (also prosthion). The most anterior point on the alveolar border of the upper jaw, on the median line between the two upper median incisors.
An
Iron Age culture of east-central Russia, supposedly associated with
Finnic-speaking peoples. See p. 224.Name
given the Baltic lake in Boreal times. See pp. 70-71.Late
Bronze Age
culture
of southwestern Siberia.A
sub-type of
Nordic
which contains unreduced Upper Palaeolithic mixture. See p. 293.An
artificial method of altering the head shape by the application of
bands.The
measurement of the bodily characters of human beings.early
Post-Glacial Stone Age
culture
of northwestern Europe, with marked Upper Palaeolithic survivals.deposit
of fat in the cornea of the eye, which looks gray or blue and often
creates a false impression of partial eye blondism. See p. 244.A
Dinaricized Irano-Afghan type. See p. 293.Any
object fashioned by man for use.The
paired portion of the jawbone which rises from the
GLOSSARY
667
Ash-blond
Assyrioid.
Asturian.
A
Aterian.
A
“Athletic.”
gonial
region at the back of the tooth-bearing portion of the jaw to the
condyle and coronoid process.(also
cendr6). A
class
of hair-blondism in which rufosity is totally absent; ash-blond hair
has a grayish or “platinum” appearance.Deniker’s
name for the Armenoid racial type. See p. 282.Mesolithic
culture of northwestern Spain.protracted
and specialized derivative of the Mousterian culture which persisted
along the Atlantic coast of Morocco into presumably Postglacial
times. See p. 39.The
second of the three constitutional types postulated by the students
of human constitution; somatic—heavily muscled, heavy-boned,
square.
Atlantic.
Name
given Period III of Baltic Mesolithic chronology, 5600- 2500 b.c.
See
pp. 70-72.
Atlanto-Mediterranean.
A tall
brunet Mediterranean sub-race, the living equivalent of the skeletal
Megalithic. Name originally given it by Deniker. See p. 282—see
also p. 292 for definition in present classification.
Atlas.
The
topmost cervical vertebra, which bears the lower pair of condyles
upon which the skull balances.
Aunjetitz
(Unetic£).
The Early Bronze Age culture of the Danubian region.
Auricular.
Pertaining
to the ear or ear hole.
Auricular
head
height. The
height of the cranial vault measured from the top of the ear hole,
or from tragion, to vertex. This measurement is taken on both crania
and the living; on the living it is the only head height dimension
commonly taken.
Aurignacian.
The
first of the three Upper Palaeolithic cultures of western Europe,
beginning in the warm Laufen Interglacial and ending during the Wurm
II advance. More recently found in parts of Asia and Africa.
Australoid.
One
of the major racial divisions of mankind, typified by the aborigines
of Australia.
Axis,
axillary. The
arm pit. Axis
also
means the second cervical vertebra from the top.
Azilian.
A Mesolithic
culture of western Europe.
Badarian.
A predynastic culture of Upper Egypt. See p. 94.
Banded.
A
type of Neolithic pottery, found first in Danubian I,
decorated
by bands of incisions.
Basion.
An anatomical point on the midpoint of the posterior border of the
foramen magnum.
Basion-bregma
height. The
height of the cranial vault from basion to bregma.
Battle-axe
people. Another
name for the Corded people, who habitually buried double-bitted
stone battle-axes with their dead.
Beaker.
See
Bell
Beaker,
Zoned Beaker. The term
Beaker,
used alone,
serves conveniently
to designate either or both subdivisions.
Bell
Beaker. A
type of Early Bronze Age pottery characteristic of a culture which
is believed to have arisen in Spain, and which had wide
ramifications in western and central Europe.
668
APPENDIX
II
Bell-shaped
curve
Biacrominal
diameter.
Bicondylar
diameter.
Bigonial
diameter.
Bi-iliac
diameter.
Bimaxillary
breadth.
Bimodal.
Biometric.
Biorbital
diameter.
Bizygomatic
diameter.
Boat-axe.
Bodily
habitus.
Boreal.
Borreby.
Brachycephalic.
Brachycephalization.
Brachycerebral.
Brachycranial.
Breadth-height
index.
Bregma-lambda
arc.
Broch.
Browridge.
(normal
probability curve). A statistical phenomenon; the distribution curve
which results under conditions of random sampling when frequencies
of consecutive metrical categories are plotted in a significant
biometric sample.Shoulder
breadth, the distance between the acromion processes of the scapulae
(shoulder blades) in the living,The
maximum external distance between the condyles of the mandible.The
maximum distance between the external gonial angles of the mandible,
taken both on the dry mandible and on the living.The
distance between the iliac crests of the pelvis; maximum hip
breadth.The
distance between the lower borders of the malar- maxillary sutures
of the facial skeleton.The
condition which occurs when two metrically distinct factors are
present in a numerically adequate frequency curve so that the curve
has two distinct peaks.Pertaining
to the accurate measurement of living beings.The
distance between the outer borders of
the
two
bony
orbits.The
maximum distance between the two zygomatic arches; face breadth.Another
name for the perforated, double-bitted stone battle-axe used by the
Corded people.Constitutional
type, bodily build.Period
II of the Baltic Mesolithic, from 6800
to
5600
b.c. See
pp.
70-71.An
unreduced brachycephalic Upper Palaeolithic survivor. See page 291.
Possessing a cephalic index of 81.0 to 85.4; round or short headed.The
process of producing brachycephaly within a population.A
term
coined to indicate a round or relatively short-brained condition.Possessing
a cranial index of 80.0
and
over, round- or short- skulled.T) Head
height X
100 .—Headbreadth living
the height measurement
is the auricular height; on the skull the basion-bregma height is
usually employed.The
sagittal length of the parietal bones, measured on the outer surface
of the cranial vault.A
type of corbelled stone tower of Bronze Age date found in Scotland.
See p. 148.A
prominence
of the frontal area immediately above the orbits and nasal root,
and, on the living, underlying the eyebrows.