(Использование глагола to get вместо глагола to be в формах страдательного залога)

Иногда мы используем to get + Participle II вместо to be + Participle II, когда речь идет о вещах, которые происходят случайно или неожиданно, вне плана.

Например:

• My flat got burgled when I was on holidays. ( = my flat was burgled)

• There was a fight at the party but nobody got hurt. (= nobody was hurt)

• I don’t often get invited to parties. (I am not often invited.)

• My parents’ fence got blown down in the storm. ( = was blown)

• Ted got stung by a bee while he was sitting in the garden. ( = was stung )

• Martin got arrested at a football match. ( = was arrested )

• The cake got burnt in the oven. ( = was burnt )

• Without a map we soon got lost. ( = were lost)

Verbs with Two Objects in the Passive

(Глаголы с двумя дополнениями в страдательном залоге)

Некоторые глаголы в английском языке могут иметь два дополне­ния: п р я м о е (direct object) и к о с в е н н о е (indirect object).

П р я м о е д о п о л н е н и е – дополнение, которое стоит при переходном глаголе (transitive verb), не имеет предлога и отвечает на вопрос винительного падежа (кого? что?)

Все остальные дополнения называются к о с в е н н ы м и. Например:

to give somebody something = to give something to somebody

indirect direct direct indirect

object object object object

Дат. пад. Вин. пад.	Вин. пад. Дат. пад.
дать кому-либо что-либо	дать что-либо кому-либо
We gave the police information. indirect direct object object	We gave information to the police. direct indirect object object

В таких случаях можно образовать два предложения в страдательном залоге.

The police were given the information.

The information was given to the police

Однако предпочтение отдается предложениям, которые начинаются с дополнения, обозначающего лицо (person).

• I was offered the job but refused it. ( = They offered me the job.)

• You will be given plenty of time to decide. ( We will give you plenty of time to decide.)

• The men were paid $ 200 to do the work. (Somebody paid the men $ 200.)

Другими глаголами, которые могут иметь два дополнения, являются:

send, offer, show, pay, teach, promise, ask, etc.

• I was sent a telegram.

• She will be told the news.

The Passive: Have / get something done

(Конструкция Have / get something done)

Это особая форма страдательного залога, которая показывает, что другое лицо участвует в совершении действия.

to have something done	to get something done
We had this room decorated last year. = We asked someone to decorate our room. (and they decorated it)	When are you going to get the roof repaired ? = When are you going to arrange for someone to repair the roof

Данная конструкция образуется следующим образом:

have /get + object + Participle II смыслового глагола

Вопросительная и отрицательная формы образуются с помощью вспомогательного глагола do.

• Did you have / get it cleaned ?

• I did not have / get my car repaired yesterday.

В конструкции have/get + something done глаголы have и get могут иметь разные временные формы Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect.

have + object + Participle II

I How often We Simon You Are you going to I don’t like

am having do you have had has just had should have have having

a garage your hair your computer a suit your eyes new carpets my photo

built cut? serviced made. tested. fitted taken.

at the moment. last week. in your flat?

get + object + Participle II

Jill Where Your hair looks nice. Julia We I think you

got did you get Have you got has just got are getting should get

the car your hair it central heating the house that coat

repaired cut? cut? installed painted cleaned

yesterday. in her house. at the moment. soon.

The Use of HAVE / GET SOMETHING DONE