- •Навчальний посібник
- •The subjunctive
- •The formulaic subjunctive.
- •God be praised!
- •God bless you!
- •Nursery Rhyme
- •1. Translate the word combinations in brackets into English.
- •2. Translate into English using set-phrases (The formulaic subjunctive).
- •3. Translate into English using set-phrases (The formulaic subjunctive).
- •Exclamatory sentences.
- •4. Finish each of these sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it.
- •5. Translate into English.
- •6. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •7. Complete the following sentences using the perfect form.
- •8. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •9. Translate into English.
- •10. Replace the infinitive by the correct form of the verb in brackets.
- •11. Translate into English.
- •12. Translate into English.
- •Had better
- •13. Translate into English.
- •I’d rather / sooner
- •14. Translate into English.
- •Independent clauses and simple sentences.
- •Sentences without implied condition
- •15. Use the verb in brackets in the appropriate form.
- •16. Translate into English.
- •17. Translate into English.
- •The conditional
- •The conditional tenses. The present conditional tense.
- •The perfect conditional tense.
- •Conditional sentences.
- •Suppose he himself gave her the injections …
- •Three kinds of conditional sentences
- •If I may be frank if you’ll allow me to say so
- •21. Translate into English.
- •Should in conditional 1
- •22. Make the condition less probable by using should.
- •Suppose and imagine.
- •23. Translate into English.
- •24. Translate into English.
- •25. Translate into English.
- •Conditional sentences type 2.
- •Conditional sentences type 3.
- •26. Choose which ending is possible for each sentence.
- •27. Fill the gaps in the sentences and complete the questions in the conversations using the words given or your own ideas.
- •28. Put the verbs in brackets in the most suitable form. (Use forms of can, might, etc. Where suitable.)
- •29. Translate into English.
- •30. Translate into English.
- •31. Translate into English.
- •32. Complete the sentences in the conversation using the ideas given.
- •33. Make a ‘chain story’.
- •34. Fill in each blank to complete the unreal condition.
- •35. Translate into English.
- •36. Translate into English.
- •37. Fill the gaps in the sentences and complete them using the words given or your own ideas.
- •38. Paraphrase the following sentences according to the model:
- •39. Translate into English.
- •40. Translate into English.
- •Mixed conditionals.
- •41. Paraphrase the following sentences according to the model:
- •42. Fill in each blank with the correct form of a verb. These sentences have mixed tenses.
- •43. Translate into English.
- •44. Translate into English.
- •45. Open the brackets using the correct form of the verb.
- •46. Look at the pairs of pictures below and imagine yourself in each situation. Write what you would say usingif. There may be several possibilities for each pair.
- •47. Fill in each blank with the correct form of the verb in brackets. Both real conditions and unreal conditions are used.
- •48. Translate into English.
- •49. Translate into English.
- •Wishing
- •50. Paraphrase the following according to the model.
- •51. Fill in each blank to make a wish about the present.
- •52. Translate into English.
- •53. Paraphrase the following according to the model.
- •54. Fill in each blank to make a wish about the past.
- •55. Translate into English.
- •56. Paraphrase the following according to the model.
- •58. Look at the pictures and say what each person wishes, using the words given.
- •59. Fill in each blank to show a desire that someone does something differently.
- •60. Translate into English.
- •61. Complete the conversations with a sentence using wish.
- •62. Put the verb in brackets in the correct form. (Use could where suitable.)
- •64. Answer the following questions according to the model, mind the form of the auxiliary verb.
- •65. Open the brackets using the correct form of the verb in brackets.
- •66. Paraphrase the following sentences using object clause after the verb "wish".
- •67. Translate into English.
- •68. Translate into English.
- •69. Open the brackets.
- •70. Paraphrase the sentences, using that-clauses.
- •71. Translate into English.
- •72. Translate into English.
- •73. Open the brackets.
- •74. Paraphrase the sentences, using that-clauses.
- •75. Translate into English.
- •76. Translate into English.
- •77. Paraphrase the sentences, using that-clauses.
- •78. Translate into English.
- •79. Complete each of these sentences twice, once using should and once using another structure.
- •80. Fill in the gaps using the words given. There is usually more than one possible answer.
- •81. Open the brackets using the Subjunctive Mood.
- •82. Translate into English.
- •83. Translate into English.
- •As if / as though There is no difference between as if and as though.
- •The difference is clearer with obviously unreal comparisons:
- •84. Put the verbs in brackets in the most suitable form.
- •85. Paraphrase the parts in bold type.
- •86. Answer the following questions according to the model.
- •87. Translate into English.
- •88. Translate into English.
- •It is time…
- •89. Open the brackets using the correct form of the verb.
- •90. Paraphrase the sentences using the expression It is (about, high) time.
- •91. Translate into English.
- •92. Open the brackets using the correct form of the verb in brackets.
- •Even if / even though.
- •93. Put the verbs in brackets in the most suitable form.
- •94. Translate into English.
- •95. Translate into English.
- •96. Translate into English.
- •97. Translate into English.
- •98. Translate into English.
- •99. Translate into English.
- •100. Translate into English.
- •101. Translate into English.
- •Indirect speech and reporting
- •Conditional sentences in indirect speech.
- •Revision task 1.
- •Task 2.
44. Translate into English.
1. Якби ви закінчили свою роботу вчора, ми б були сьогодні вільні. 2. Якби моя подруга не була такою завзятою і працьовитою, вона б не домоглася таких успіхів. 3. Якби ви прочитали влітку хоча б кілька англійських книг, ваш словниковий запас збільшився б. 4. Якби ваш син не брав участі у пограбуванні банку, він би зараз не був у в'язниці. 5. Я б давно записав тобі цю касету, якби не був зіпсований магнітофон. 6. Ви б не писали зараз пояснювальну записку, якби не порушили правила поведінки в університеті. 7. Ми давно полагодили б машину, якби в нас були гроші. 8. Наш ксерокс працював би краще, якби ти вчора не ксерокопіював стільки матеріалів. 9. Туфлі не давили б, якби ти віддала їх у розтяжку. 10. Якби я не помилився вчора, я закінчив би розрахунки вже сьогодні. 11. Якби вчора пройшов дощ, не потрібно було б поливати сьогодні город. 12. Якби ти вчора не сидів допізна за комп'ютером, у тебе не боліла б сьогодні голова. 13. Якби вона не занедужала, вона прийняла б участь у сьогоднішньому вечорі. 14. Якби ти ретельно займався протягом семестру, ти б зараз не перескдавав іспит. 15. Якби вона не була такою неуважною, то не залишила б гаманець у магазині. 16. Якби Майкл був обережнішим, з ним такого б не трапилося. 17. Якби ви допомогли їм скласти речі, вони б могли зараз виходити. 18. Ми б надрукували вашу статтю в наступному номері, якби ви принесли її вчора. 19. Якби вона провела влітку хоча б тиждень на морі, вона б почувала себе краще. 20. Якби в дитинстві він займався спортом, він би був витривалішим зараз. 21. Якби ти купив квитки заздалегідь, ми б зараз не шукали “зайві квитки”. 22. Якби він склав літню сесію, він був би зараз на третьому курсі. 23. Ми б могли прийняти зараз певне рішення, якби звіти були затверджені на попередніх зборах. 24. Якби він займався регулярно весь семестр, він би зараз не боявся іспитів. 25. Вона б була здоровою людиною, якби додержувалася порад лікаря всі ці роки. 26. Якби ми знали його адресу, ми б повідомили його про результати іспитів ще вчора. 27. Якби ти стежив за виступом уважно, ти б зараз не задавав таких питань. 28. На вашому місці я б відмовився від цієї ідеї. Її важко здійснити. 29. Я майже впевнений, що вони б погодилися з нашою пропозицією, якби не останній пункт.
45. Open the brackets using the correct form of the verb.
HOW I BECAME AN ARTIST
When I was young I hated art. I never (to hate) it so much if I (not to live) with an artist — it was my father — if I (not to see) how hard he took his failures. That's why I was very glad to get the chance of going into an office and become a clerk.
I had a bowler hat, a home, a nice little wife and a nice little baby. I sent money to my mother every week, and helped my sister. A nice happy young man. I enjoyed life in those days. But one day when I was sitting in our London office I happened to drop a blot on an envelope. But for this drop of ink my life (to continue) to be nice and pleasant. Having nothing better to do just then, I started pushing it about with my pen to try and make it look more like a face. And from that moment I was lost. If only I (to be able) to keep from drawing I (not to be) what I am now. I couldn't keep from drawing even during office hours.
When my boss found out about it he sent for me and said he was dissatisfied with me. But I said I (to give up) drawing gladly if I could.
"Jimson," he said, "I don't want to turn you out. If I (to turn) you out now you never (to be able) to get another job. I suggest that you take a couple of days off and think it over. This is my final suggestion."
If I (to listen) to reason then I still (to be) a good clerk now. But I spent my holiday drawing, and when I went back to the office I didn't last long. I left within a week. I painted about twelve hours a day and hated to be interrupted. Some of my pictures were even sold. They were very classical. Almost early Turner.
But then one day I happened to see a Manet and was greatly impressed. When I came out of the museum I saw the whole world in a different light. But for Manet I (not to see) the world of colour as I see it now.
(after "The Horse's Mouth" by Joyce Cary)