FACTS & HINTS

High-Yield Facts

Clinical Points

Stroke

Focal neurologylasting greater than 24 hours as a result of a vascular cause Can be caused byan intracranial bleed

More often (80% of cases) as a result of an infarct-ischemia, because of thrombosis or embolization from an atherosclerotic vessel Majorityof strokes occur in the territorysupplied bythe internal carotid artery

Symptoms include: hemiparesis, hemiplegia, aphasia, homonomous hemianopia

Strokes affecting the territorysupplied bythe vertebral arterycan present with ataxia, dysphonia, dysphagia, and homonomous hemianopia

Clinical Points

BerryAneurysm

Congenital defect in tunica media of arteries of circle of Willis

Results in a saccular or Berryaneurysm

Rupture is most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage

Anterior cerebral, internal carotid, and middle cerebral most commonlyaffected

Patient maypresent with headache, vomiting, altered consciousness, and signs of meningeal irritation

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