- •Т.В. Барамикова, л.П. Ільєнко, к.Б. Кугай, а.В. Спіжова, н.В. Зимнікова, а.М. Ткаленко
- •Передмова
- •Unit 1 history of arts Part I
- •I Listen and remember the following words:
- •III Read and translate the following text: History of arts
- •V Complete the sentences with the words from the text:
- •X Speak on the topic using the following words and word-combinations:
- •I Read and remember:
- •Renaissance
- •III Make up a plan of the text.
- •V Complete the sentences with the words from the text:
- •X Speak on the topic using the following words and word-combinations:
- •I Read and remember:
- •The history of arts. Brief overview
- •III Make up a plan of the text.
- •IV Answer the questions:
- •X Speak on the topic using the following words and word-combinations:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read the text and define the main idea of it: World War I and after the War
- •III Make up a plan of the text.
- •IV Answer the questions:
- •X Speak on the topic using the following words and word-combinations:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read the text and define the main idea of it: Charles Frederick Worth industrializes fashion
- •III Make up a plan of the text.
- •Design elements
- •V Complete the sentences with the words from the text:
- •X Speak on the topic using the following words and word-combinations:
- •I Read and remember:
- •Design principles
- •III Make up a plan of the text.
- •IV Answer the questions:
- •X Speak on the topic using the following words and word-combinations:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read the text and define the main idea of it: Paco Rabanne
- •Pierre Cardin
- •Karl Lagerfeld
- •Emanuel Ungaro
- •III Make up a plan of the text.
- •IV Answer the questions:
- •V Complete the sentences with the words from the text.
- •X Speak on the topic using the following words and word combinations:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read the text and define the main idea of it: Dance costume
- •III Make up a plan of the text.
- •IV Answer the questions:
- •X Speak on the topic using the following words and word combinations:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read the text and define the main idea of it: Scenic makeup
- •III Make up a plan of the text.
- •IV Answer the questions:
- •V Complete the sentences with the words from the text:
- •III Make up a plan of the text.
- •IV Translate the paragraph in italics in a written form.
- •V Questions for discussion:
- •VI Render the text in brief in a written form.
- •IV Answer the questions:
- •V Complete the sentences with the words from the text:
- •III Make up a plan of the text.
- •III Listen to the text again and be ready to answer the questions:
- •IV Answer the questions:
- •V Complete the sentences with the words from the text:
- •VI Find the English equivalents to the words:
- •VII Make up sentences with the terms:
- •VIII Give definitions to the words and word-combinations:
- •IX Translate the sentences into English:
- •X Speak on the topic using the following words and word combinations:
- •I Read and learn:
- •II Read the text and define the main idea of it: Flower symbolism
- •III Make up a plan of the text.
- •IV Translate the paragraph in italics in a written form.
- •V Questions for discussion:
- •VI Render the text in brief in a written form.
- •I Mind the following words and word-combinations:
- •II Listen to the text and decide if the statements are true or false:
- •IV Answer the questions:
- •V Complete the sentences with the words from the text:
- •VI Find the English equivalents to the words:
- •III Make up a plan of the text.
- •Principles and elements of design
- •Graphic design theory
- •IV Answer the questions:
- •X Speak on the topic using the following words and word-combinations:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read the text and define the main idea of it: Raymond Loewy. The father of industrial design
- •III Make up a plan of the text.
- •IV Answer the questions:
- •V Complete the sentences with the words from the text:
- •VI Find the English equivalents to the words:
- •VII Make up sentences with the terms:
- •VIII Give definitions to the words and word-combinations:
- •IX Translate the sentences into English:
- •X Speak on the topic using the following words and word combinations:
- •I Read and learn:
- •II Read the text and define the main idea of it: The importance of colour
- •III Make up a plan of the text.
- •IV Translate the paragraph in italics in a written form.
- •V Questions for discussion:
- •VI Render the text in brief in a written form.
- •IV Answer the questions:
- •V Complete the sentences with the words from the text:
- •VI Find the English equivalents to the words:
- •VII Make up sentences with the terms:
- •VIII Give definitions to the words and word-combinations:
- •IX Translate the sentences into English:
- •X Speak on the topic using the following words and word combinations:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read the text and define the main idea of it:
- •Video design
- •III Make up a plan of the text.
- •IV Answer the questions:
- •V Complete the sentences with the words from the text:
- •VI Find the English equivalents to the words:
- •VII Make up sentences with the terms:
- •VIII Give definitions to the words:
- •IX Translate into English:
- •X Speak on the topic using the following words and word-combinations:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read the text and define the main idea of it: The history of logo design
- •III Make up a plan of the text.
- •IV Translate the paragraph in italics in a written form.
- •V Questions for discussion:
- •VI Render the text in brief in a written form
- •Prehistoric costume
- •Textiles
- •Costume textiles
- •Some natural fibres facts
- •Textile yarns and fibres
- •The knitwear design process and the use of sources of inspiration
- •Coloured stitch designs in weft knitting
- •The great masters of fashion
- •Textiles and materials in the fashion industry
- •The history of fashion between 1970-1983
- •The designers
- •Fashion fifty years ago. Conclusion
- •Interior design. Style selection
- •Goals, functions and the human factor of interior design
- •Light in colour
- •Colour in your home
- •Accessories
- •Selecting accessories
- •Textiles
- •Textile uses in interior design
- •Selecting textiles for interiors
- •Harmony
- •Package design and display
- •Advertisements
- •Graphic designer
- •Commercial photography
- •Colour photography
- •What is a good photograph?
- •Colour harmony
- •Corporate logo design
- •Your hair
- •Hair colour
- •Hair style
- •The art of arranging the hair
- •Modern hairdressing procedure
- •History of styles
- •The development of styles in europe from the
- •9Th till 20th centuries
- •Cosmetics
- •Glossary a
Selecting accessories
Knowledge of the various furniture types and their proper construction will aid the designer in the development of a successful interior. Accessories work directly with the room’s furniture and should compliment the selections. Accessories should include items of personal value to the client or company.
When determining what accessories are suitable for a particular space, consider a wide range of possibilities. Reviewing an outline of numerous items often sparks an idea of the accessory or accessories that tie an entire grouping together.
The accessories may be utilitarian or displayed for aesthetic pleasure. The items may be incorporated into the scheme to enhance the background or they may function primarily as a point of interest. The principles and elements of design must always be used. For example, the item must be suitable in texture, colour, and form to the style, background, and other accessories and furnishings in the room. The item should be in scale with the other furnishings and the space allocated. The accessory should help to bring balance and harmony to the room.
Accessories can either be authentic to a certain historic style or mixed to support a variety of styles. The latter approach is often considered more creative. Accessories can also support the architectural background. For example, an informal arrangement of flowers in a basket enhances a rustic wood wall, and an elegant porcelain vase enhances a formal French panelled wall.
Designers often play an important role in selecting accessories for commercial and institutional spaces. The previous guidelines should be followed, but the art and accessories should be placed so as not to interfere with the function of the facility. Usually, commercial spaces do not incorporate personal items except in private offices, however, accessories in public areas reflect the corporation's image and character. Adding art and accessories to a commercial setting can give an inviting and warm character. Often the designer is limited in purchasing fine-quality items for the commercial setting because of budget restrictions and the possibility of theft. Obtaining accessories that project an aesthetic appeal and that will last through the years are additional challenges. Such items as plants and artwork – usually large in scale – are often chosen for schools, offices, hospitals, libraries, hotels, retail stores restaurants, and other public settings. Also, accessories that relate to the function of the facility itself can add character to the space. For example, prints in a restaurant might pertain to the history or theme of the establishment. All accessories selected for the commercial setting should enhance the environment and humanize the space.
Textiles
Textiles enhance both residential and commercial interiors. They are probably more versatile than any other element used for interior design. Textiles are pliable: they can be sewn, draped, bent, folded, wrapped, pleated, gathered, and stretched. Textiles are used in every room for upholstery, window treatments, slipcovers, pillows and cushions, bedspreads, blankets and throws, towels, table linens, wall coverings, ceiling coverings, lamp shades, and trim.
There are several basic considerations in the selection of interior materials: function, aesthetics, and economics. One of the primary purposes of textiles, however, is to humanize living spaces. Textiles provide a transition between architecture and furniture, and bring comfort, warmth, and softness to homes and public places.
Textile is an overall term used to describe a fibre, yarn, or fabric. The terms fibres, yarns, fabrics, and textiles are often used interchangeably in the profession, and are defined as follows:
-fibres are the raw materials, either natural or synthetic, that produce yarns and fabrics.
-yarns are fibres that are twisted or assembled together to form the strands that produce fabrics.
-fabrics are the results of the weaving, knitting, twisting, felting, or lacing of fibres and yarns. Fabrics also may be formed from plastics.
Fibres, such as raw cotton, silk, or polyester, are the most basic element of a fabric. A perfect fibre that will adequately serve every general design purpose does not exist. Each fibre has its own advantages and disadvantages. Manufacturers have found that by blending certain fibres, the most desirable qualities of each can be incorporated into a single fabric.
Yarns are made by spinning various lengths of fibres into strands used for fabric construction. A fabric's performance and appearance are affected by the method and the amount of twisting of the fibres. A high twist produces more strength and durability but takes away some of the lustre. Long filaments with little twist generally maintain a high lustre but lose much of their stability. Ply is the result of twisting two or more single yarns together before weaving to give added strength or create a surface effect.
Fibres that come from nature fall into four classifications: protein, cellulose, metallic, and mineral.
Wool and silk are the most important protein, or animal, fibres.
Wool has several advantages. It is resilient, flame retardant, resists abrasion, is a good insulator, and can be woven in a variety of textures. Wool is used for both residential and commercial applications including upholstery, carpeting, draperies, and wall coverings.
Silk is an ancient fibre that, according to legend, was discovered in China about 2540 B.C. The process of producing it from the larvae of silkworms, known as sericulture, was kept secret for many years but gradually became known in countries around the world. Raw silk, or uncultivated silk, is a shorter and coarser fibre with less lustre. Both types of silk fibres are used for draperies, some upholstery applications (when backed), wall coverings, trim, and fabric art.
Cellulose (or vegetable) fibres include stems, leaves, and seed hairs found in plants. The two most common cellulose fibres are cotton and linen (or flax). Cotton is believed to have been grown in India during the 4th century B.C. and used in early Rome. It is the most plentiful of the natural fibres.
Linen is made from flax fibres and is the most ancient of all fibres. It is used for upholstery, drapery, table linens, and slipcovers.
Mineral and metallic fibres are created from naturally occurring minerals, including metals. Metallic fibres include stripes of gold, silver, or copper that are used chiefly as accents in decorative fabrics.