IV Answer the questions:

1. What is scenic design?

2. What is a ‘stage picture’?

3. What should a ‘stage picture’ express?

4. What is a scenic designer responsible for?

5. What are technical director’s duties?

6. How do designers use computer?

7. What is a technical director responsible for?

V Complete the sentences with the words from the text:

1. Scenic designers are specialists often with degrees in….

2. The stage picture should express good principles of…..

3. The scenic designer is responsible for …. with the theatre director and other members of the production design team.

4. In Europe scenic designers are often responsible not only for scenic design but ….

5. The technical director is responsible for ….

VI Find the English equivalents to the words:

декорації, декоратор, макети, візуально привабливий, постановча картина, ескіз, фон, режиссер-постановник

VII Make up sentences with the terms:

stage design, professionals, principles of design, technical director, drawings,

hand-produced, show’s concept

VIII Give the definitions to the words and phrases:

stage picture, scenic designer, scale models, props

IX Translate the sentences into English:

1. Дизайнери декорацій часто мають театральну освіту.

2. Постановча картина повинна бути візуально привабливою.

3. Інколи декоратори відповідальні не лише за дизайн сцени, а й за костюми, освітлення та звук.

4. Постановча картина виражає ідею шоу та створює необхідну атмосферу.

5. Дизайнери європейських театрів звичайно мають ступінь бакалавра мистецтв.

6. Декоратор повинен співпрацювати з режисером, щоб створити декорації для театральних вистав або фільмів.

7. Режиссер-постановник проектує декорації, підбирає матеріали та команду.

X Speak on the topic using the following words and word combinations:

scenic designer, props, scale models, stage, principles of design, visually appealing, technical director, scene shop, responsible for

Text B

I Read and remember:

1. to rely on – покладатися, довіряти

2. heighten – підсилювати

3. to delineate – окреслювати

4. to convey – передавати, виражати

5. excessive – надмірний

6. exaggerated – перебільшений

7. runway – подіум

II Read the text and define the main idea of it: Scenic makeup

Some ancient theatrical traditions have relied on masks for the creation of visual characters; others have relied on makeup for the same purpose.

Ancient Greek theatre was masked, but later European theatre usually used stage makeup to create characters, heighten facial features, and compensate the effects of stage lighting absence. Until the twentieth century, performers were expected to do their own makeup, as they were expected to supply their own stage costumes. The professional theatrical makeup artist is a modern phenomenon, as is the theatrical costume designer.

Theatrical makeup is inseparable from the act of performance itself. The aim of theatrical makeup is to delineate and enhance the role of a character and to give performers an additional tool for conveying the characters being performed. Stage makeup is often used to create visual stereotypes that will be readily understood by the audience. Stage makeup is usually much more colourful and graphic than ordinary cosmetic makeup. When viewed closely, it can seem excessive and exaggerated, but it works when the performer is on stage being seen at a distance by the audience. Theatrical makeup itself is also heavier, denser, and more strongly coloured than ordinary cosmetics.

For many performers, the act of putting on makeup is an important part of the ritual of preparing for a performance; it allows the performer to move psychologically into the role of the character as the makeup is being applied.

Makeup artists are employed today in a variety of roles, and they often specialize in, for example, theatrical makeup, cinema makeup, fashion photography and runway makeup, or special effects. They typically require years of training and practice to perfect their skills. Social effects makeup is particularly prominent in the world of film, but has also played an important role in the success of many popular Broadway productions.

By the early twenty-first century makeup in different theatrical and fashion genres began to cross previously rigid barriers. The world of film, especially in special effects, has had a profound impact on the development of new techniques of stage makeup, and today theatrical makeup shows up regularly on fashion catwalks as well. Recent fashion shows by Dior and Givenchy, for example, have been notable for their strong sense of theatre. Fashion makeup artists have begun to borrow liberally techniques from traditional stage makeup to create striking new designs. Meanwhile, theatrical makeup is enriched by new developments in film, fashion, photography and other media.