- •Unit 1. Character and Behaviour
- •Vocabulary
- •3 A). Describing characters in work situations, we use the following adjectives.
- •4. Fill the gaps with a suitable word.
- •5. Which prefix forms the opposite of these words? You need three different prefixes.
- •6. What nouns can be formed from these adjectives? Use a dictionary to help you.
- •Reading
- •1. Read the following text paying attention to the words and word-combinations in italics. Write down all international words from the text. Text a Psychology and Character
- •2. Answer the following questions to the text.
- •3. Say whether these statements are true (t) or false (f) and if they are false, say why.
- •4. How would you describe the person in each of these situations?
- •5. Read the sentence, translating the words in brackets.
- •7. Fill in the columns with the proper derivatives of the following words, whenever possible.
- •8. Translate from Russian into English using your active vocabulary.
- •1. Read the texts and match them to the headlines. There is one extra headline which you don’t need to use.
- •2. Match Russian and English equivalents.
- •3. Make adjectives by combining a word from column a with a word from column b. Then complete the sentences below.
- •5. Read the text without a dictionary and explain the difference between character and temperament. Character Versus Temperament
- •Find English equivalents in the text.
- •7. Match the words with the people.
- •2. Agree or disagree with the following statements. Explain your point of view.
- •3. Give examples of ways not mentioned in the text that you might work together in or out of Academy to break down you own stereotypes and reduce your prejudices toward others.
- •6. Read the following sayings of famous people. Which of them do you agree with? Explain why.
- •7. Choose one text and translate it into English.
- •1. Read the text paying attention to the verbs with prepositions in italics. Explaining Altruism
- •Answer the questions.
- •3. Insert the following prepositions: about, at, before, by, from, of, on, with.
- •4. Read the text translating words in italics from Russian into English. Social Facilitation
- •5. Match the terms with their definitions.
- •6. Discuss the following statements with your group-mates making use of the expressions below.
- •7. Read the text choosing one suitable variant. Truth or fiction?
- •9. Choose one text to translate from Russian into English.
- •Critical thinking
- •1. Discuss the following problematic statements and questions in groups.
- •Role play
- •Listening comprehension
- •I. Women and Home Improvement
- •3. Try to answer the following questions and explain your point of view.
- •Post-Text Activities
- •4. Listen to the story “American Women Flock to Home Improvement Stores for Do-It-Yourself Class” and decide if the following statements are True (t) or False (f).
- •5. Listen again and fill in the blanks.
- •II. Men and Women in the Workplace
- •Read and remember the following words. Make up sentences with them.
- •Complete the following sentences using the following phrases:
- •Post-Text Activities
- •Writing
- •Literature
- •Unit 2. Sensations and Emotions
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Read these words and remember them.
- •2. Fill in the columns with the proper derivatives of the following words, whenever possible.
- •3. Put a suitable word from the box above into each gap.
- •4. A) Match the names of emotions and feelings in the left-hand column with their dictionary definitions in the right-hand column.
- •Reading Text a
- •Before reading the text, try to answer the following questions.
- •2. Read the following text paying attention to the words and word-combinations in italics.
- •3. A) Make up the questions using the table below and answer them.
- •4. Underline the correct verb.
- •Complete the sentences with the following words:
- •6. Arrange the following words into pairs of (a) antonyms and (b) synonyms.
- •7. Read this review of a television programme and choose between the alternatives to complete each gap. The first one (0) has been done for you. The Truth about Love
- •Before reading the text, try to answer the following questions.
- •2. Read the text without using your dictionaries and do some tasks after it. Emotional Intelligent
- •3. Answer the following questions to the text making use of expressions given below:
- •4. Read the tet again and choose the best summary of each paragraph.
- •5. Complete the sentences.
- •7 A). Check the meaning and pronunciation of these adjectives from the text in your dictionary.
- •1. Read the text and answer the question of the headline. Do Lie Detectors Really Detect Lies?
- •2. Say whether these statements are true (t) of false (f) and if they are false, say why.
- •4. Read the text translating the word combinations from Russian intо English.
- •6. Read the story written by Dorothy Parker (1893-1967), an American writer who is best known for her short stories and witty poems, and then do some tasks. The Telephone Call
- •Translate the text from Russian into English. Эмоции
- •Critical thinking
- •Role play
- •Listening comprehension The Story of Fairy Tales
- •Do you know these words? If not, consult the dictionary and use them in sentences of your own.
- •Match the words from ex.1 and their definitions. Make up your own sentences with these words.
- •Before listening to the story, try to answer the following questions.
- •Post-Text Activities
- •4. Listen to the story and match the first part of each sentence with the correct second part.
- •5. Listen to the story again, agree or disagree with the following sentences.
- •6. In groups of four, discuss the following statements adding your own thoughts and experience.
- •7. The five most common fairy-tale themes can be summarized as following:
- •Writing
- •Literature
- •Unit 3 superstitions, fears, phobias,
- •Vocabulary
- •Read the words and remember them.
- •A) Complete the table.
- •Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to the words in italics.
- •Match the beginning of the sentence with the ending.
- •Read the dialogue about superstitions and play it with your partners in class. Say what you think about the superstitions they discuss. Make a dialogue of your own about things you believe in.
- •Reading Text a
- •Are you superstitious? Before reading the text answer “yes” or “no”.
- •Black cats and broken mirrors
- •Answer the questions about the text.
- •Use the correct prepositions.
- •A) Work with your partner and write as many superstitions as you can remember.
- •Read the story about j. Dixon and discuss it with the help of the questions below the text.
- •Read the following true story. Then work with a partner and list all the coincidences you can find.
- •Before reading the text discuss some points.
- •Read the text and translate it. Fears, Anxiety and Phobias
- •3. Answer the questions.
- •4. Look at the list of phobias. Which one would be the most difficult to live with? Why?
- •5. Read the following text and complete it with the phrases a-g- in the gaps 1-7.
- •6.Translate into English.
- •Before reading the text answer the questions.
- •How to Be an Optimist
- •Find English equivalents in the text.
- •Choose from the text all the features of an optimist and a pessimist.
- •A) Choose the correct article.
- •Find and delete seven unnecessary articles in the text.
- •Use the word or phrase in brackets instead of a word in the sentence.
- •Translate into English.
- •Critical thinking
- •Role play
- •Listening comprehension Stranger Than Fiction
- •Choose the correct answer.
- •Match the beginnings and the endings of the sentences.
- •Make up a talk between Tina and her classmate. Writing
- •Literature
- •Unit 4. Facial expression and gestures
- •1. Describing people’s appearance, we use the following adjectives. Read and translate the following information.
- •2. Complete these sentences in a suitable way. More than one answer may be possible.
- •3. Replace the underlined word with a word which is more suitable or more polite.
- •4. Match the phrase with a word “face” and its explanation in Russian. Translate the sentences after the table.
- •Reading text a
- •1. Read the text and translate it. Then write down all international words. Who in your group wrote most of them?
- •The Personology Profile
- •2. Look at the following jumbled sentences. Put the words in the correct order to form the questions and answer them.
- •3. Find English equivalents in the text.
- •4. Try to guess whether people are good-looking or not:
- •5. Match the numbers and the letters. To choose 3 of them and rthink of the situations to illustrate them.
- •Read the information and correct words in italics. Read the right variant.
- •What's In a Face: Correlations of Self, Spouse, and Stranger Ratings of Personality
- •2. Match phrases with their definitions.
- •4. Read the text at sight and choose the most suitable heading from the list below for each part 1-7 of the text. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use.
- •Face to Face
- •5. Choose a face that best describes a friend or a member of your family and say whether the descriptions in the text fit the people you know.
- •6. It is generally agreed that there are a number of basic universally recognized facial expressions. Study the pictures below and identify the seven basic emotions they show.
- •1. Before you read the text, decide if these statements are true or false for you.
- •2. Read the text and see if you were right. Choose headlines from ex.1. Make Your Image Work for You
- •4. Read the following information without dictionaries and ask ten questions. How to Spot Someone Who’s not Telling the Truth (by Wilfredo Fernandez )
- •5. Which three of the following signals are considered to be unreliable as signs of lying?
- •6. Complete the dialogue.
- •Interviewer:
- •7. Translate from Russian into English. Британский психолог намерен разоблачить фальшивые улыбки
- •Critical thinking
- •Role play
- •4. Perform these jokes in English and in Russian. Do you agree that they are insults? Why? Do you think that we can meet such situations in our everyday life? Think of real situations from your life.
- •Listening comprehension
- •1. A Tale of Two Smiles
- •1. One of the most famous smiles is the Mona Lisa Smile. But what kind of smile is it? Finish the following sentences in different ways….
- •3. Groups will take any three of their observations and posit why such a cultural difference exists. Here are some examples:
- •4. Discuss these statements as a class. Which statements meet with general agreement and which with general discord? Post – Text Activities
- •2. Listen to the text again. Read the following paragraph and find six mistakes. Write the correct variant and check your answers with your group mates.
- •3. Read the following abstract and choose one variant in italics.
- •5. Retell the story with your own attitude and conclusion.
- •Men Who Have Longer Ring Fingers Run Faster
- •1. Match the words and their translation.
- •2. Translate from Russian into English.
- •3. In pars, discuss the following questions.
- •Post-Text Activities
- •1. Listen to the text “Men Who Have Longer Ring Fingers Run Faster” from “Daily Telegraph” and answer the questions from ex.1.
- •2. Listen to the text again and complete the sentences.
- •Writing
- •Literature
- •Unit 5 stress
- •Vocabulary
- •Read these words and remember them:
- •Reading Text a
- •Before reading the text answer some questions.
- •Read and translate the text. What Can Stress Do to Us?
- •Answer the following questions about the text you have just read.
- •Translate the sentences into English:
- •Make up a short dialogue between a doctor and a patient who experiences chronic stress. Text b
- •Discuss the following issues before you read the text.
- •Read and translate the text, paying special attention to the words and phrases in italics. How to Beat a Holiday Stress
- •Agree or disagree with the following statements. Explain your point of view.
- •Fill in the gaps using the words in italics from the text.
- •Translate into English.
- •Read the text. Choose a title to it.
- •Answer the questions.
- •Match the words with their Russian equivalents. Use them in sentences of our own.
- •Use the correct prepositions.
- •Translate into English.
- •Read the text and fill in the words that were omitted.
- •7 . Render the following text into English.
- •Critical thinking
- •Role play
- •Listening comprehension
- •Find equivalents to the following phrases and words.
- •Listen to the text and answer the questions.
- •Discuss in pairs the problems of stress tackled in the text you have just listened to. Writing
- •Literature
- •Unit 6 a healthy way of life
- •Vocabulary
- •Remember the words.
- •Read, transcribe and translate the words connected with the topic “Illnesses and health”.
- •Insert the object in brackets in the correct position in the sentences.
- •Television is doing an irreparable harm
- •3. Answer the questions to the text.
- •Read the text about advantages and disadvantages of using Internet. Complete the sentences with the bare infinitive, to-infinitive or –ing form of the verbs given below. Use each verb once.
- •Complete the text with the past simple form of the verbs given below.
- •Complete the dialogue using the affirmative, negative and question past simple forms of the verbs given below.
- •Translate into English and discuss with your group mates.
- •Read and translate the text. Diet and Health
- •Complete these sentences with too much, too many, enough or more.
- •3. Choose one of the following statements and prepare an argument to support it.
- •4. Translate into English.
- •Read and translate the text. Sports and Health
- •Find in the text the equivalents to the following Russian expressions:
- •Are these statements true or false according to the text?
- •Agree or disagree with the following statements.
- •5. Express your opinion on the folloling points.
- •6.Complete the gaps with the words and phrases given below. There may be more than one answer.
- •The Cost of Smoking
- •7.Translate into English.
- •Critical thinking
- •To be stupid and selfish and to have good health are the three requirements for happiness, though if stupidity is lacking, the others are useless.(Gustave Flaubert)
- •Role play
- •Listening comprehension writing
- •Literature
- •Grammar tenses (revision)
- •1. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense
- •In the present:
- •2. Open the brackets. A) One Big, Happy Family
- •Softly…Softly
- •3. Choose the right variant.
- •4. Open brackets using Active or Passive Voice.
- •I Am Thankful...
- •Reported Speech
- •People, places, times and things
- •Tense changes
- •1. Change the following direct speech into indirect speech.
- •Ruth met a lot of students when she went to visit a university last month. Read their words, and then report what they said.
- •3. Change the dialogues below into indirect speech.
- •4. Translate the sentences with from Russian into English.
- •5. Translate the dialogue.
- •Infinitive
- •1. Translate and analyze these sentences.
- •2. Use Infinitive instead of the following sentences.
- •3. Put the following words into the sentences:
- •4. Insert “to” where necessary.
- •Герундий глагол - ing
- •1. Analyze and translate the following sentences.
- •2. Match the two halves of each sentence.
- •3. Complete the following pieces of advice with your own ideas.
- •Infinitive - gerund
- •1. Complete the mini-dialogue with the correct form of the verb in brackets. On two occasions both forms are possible.
- •2. Underline the correct item.
- •3. Complete the dialogue between two friends with the to-infinitive or –ing form of the verbs in brackets.
- •4. Rewrite the sentences using the infinitive or –ing form, as in example.
- •Modal verbs
- •Choose the correct modal verb in these sentences and say what each modal verb expresses.
- •Match a first sentence (1-10) with a second sentence (a-j) to make short exchanges.
- •Complete the sentences about road accident statistics with might, may, can, can’t, must or could. More than one answer may be possible.
- •Read the text “The Toughest Decision of their Lives” and find the sentences with modal verbs. Translate them.
- •Read what some people said about Andrew and Debra Veal. Which statement do you agree with? Why?
- •The sentences below give extra facts and opinions about the story of Andrew and Debra. Complete them with could have, should (n’t) have, or would (n’t) have.
- •Translate into English.
- •Choose the appropriate modal verb while reading the text.
- •Respond to statements by giving advice using should or ought to with a suitable infinitive form.
- •There was an accident on the road, a car turned upside down.
- •Conditional sentences
- •Use Second conditional to ask questions, then in pairs ask and answer the questions. Give reasons.
- •2. Think of some questions about different situations and ask your class mates about them.
- •3 Make Third Сonditional sentences for each of the following situations. Begin with the words given.
- •4 Fill each space in the following text with a suitable word.
- •5 Finish the following conditional sentences.
- •Translate into English.
- •Read the text about Luke Rhinehart and his novel ‘The Dice Man’. Before reading answer the questions:
- •Match the beginnings of the sentences in a with the endings in b. Use the text to help you.
- •A)Read a story about Olivia and her husband. What was the problem? How did Olivia deal with it?
- •Complete the following sentences to make them true to you.
- •Think how the life of our country and other countries would have been different if some events hadn’t taken place or had ended differently.
- •Choose the appropriate form. In some sentences two variants are possible.
- •13. Carry out an opinion poll. Pick out one question and put it to every student in your group. Use the following questions:
- •14. Make up a chain story.
- •Participles
- •A) Translate the phrases, paying attention to participles.
- •Choose the correct form of the participle.
- •Complete the following sentence with the correct form of the participle, using the verbs in the list.
- •4. Choose the correct alternative.
- •Change the relative sentences into sentences with the participle.
- •6 Make your own sentences using participles for definitions.
- •Translate into English using Participles.
- •8. Translate into Russian, paying attention to:
- •Say what books you borrow from the library. Use the following words:
- •Get ready to describe:
- •Choose the appropriate form of the participle while reading the passage.
- •Literature
Read the text and fill in the words that were omitted.
Laugh Your Way to Good Health
Want a mind-body exercise ___ doesn’t even require getting off ___ couch? Laugh!
Research ____ shown that 100 to 200 deep “hee hahs” can benefit your body as ____ as 10 minutes of rowing. The muscles all over the body participate. Laughter has effects ___ pulse rate, oxygen levels, and blood pressure. Laughter gets your blood circulating, gives ____ heart a workout, supplies your lungs ___ oxygen, stimulates your brain, activates your immune system, and suppresses stress hormones.
You ____ need an expert to tell ____ how good it feels ___ laugh; but with a busy life and everyday stresses, you can use ___ following recommendations.
Keep an active joy list. C.W. Metcalf, who ___ written a book ____ laughter, says every night his mother used ___ jot down the things her children ____ done during ____ day that made her laugh. Try it and you’ll quickly forget ___ ninety-nine other things ____ drove you nuts that day.
Make photo funnies. Take pictures of your friends and you making funny faces. Keep ____ in your purse and pull___ out during stressful times.
Watch funny videos. Professors of psychiatry at Baylor College of Medicine ___ Houston often prescribe two videos ___ day ___ patients who suffer ____ clinical depression or chronic pain.
Give yourself an internal humour ally. Have you ___ favourite comedian? When you feel ___ tense moment coming on, imagine how he or she ____ react.
Create a laughing place. Cut out your favourite cartoons and tack ____ to your bulletin board or a fridge. Also keep your favourite humour book handy.
7 . Render the following text into English.
Стрессу нужен антистресс!
Стресс иначе называют адаптационным синдромом или реакцией напряжения. Дистресс - прямо противоположная реакция, вызванная чрезмерным или длительным стрессом. В 1937 году знаменитый канадский физиолог Ганс Селье закончил работу над созданием концепции теории стресса и его влияние на человека. Это было одним из великих открытий в науке прошлого века. Но стрессовая реакция появилась еще раньше, тогда когда появился первый человек. И всегда стресс - реакция помогала человеку выжить.
Нападай или беги!!! Так примерно "звучит" призыв нашего организма, когда человек переживает острую стресс-реакцию. Действительно, за какие-то секунды организм перестраивает свои функции, чтобы дать человеку возможность выжить. Учащается сердцебиение, повышается кровяное давление, интенсивнее становится кровообращение, дыхание учащается, мышцы напрягаются, адреналин выделяется в повышенных количествах, гормональный фон изменяется, иммунная система усиливает действие. В результате мы готовы к "борьбе". "Нападение или бегство" в наше время не реально и нерационально. Мы не можем себе позволить, например, наброситься на начальника с кулаками. Неизрасходованный энергетический потенциал реализуется в дальнейшем в появлении различных заболеваний - гипертонической болезни, язвенной болезни желудка, сахарного диабета и др...
Ситуации, потенциально опасные для развития дистресса можно разделить в двух плоскостях:
- так называемый "бытовой" или "повседневный", постоянный или хронический стресс, который переживают абсолютно все люди, независимо от возраста, профессии, пола. Чаще всего, и при умелом использовании эта разновидность стресса носит положительный, адаптивный характер, хотя и заставляет нас понервничать. Важно только, чтобы уровень стресса не превышал допустимый порог для конкретного человека
- вторая разновидность стресса "острый", "кратковременный, но интенсивный" - сюда можно отнести непредсказуемые, неожиданные ситуации, которые как правило носят кратковременный характер, но обладают большей интенсивностью - аварии, несчастные случаи, стихийные бедствия, внезапная потеря близких, имущества и т.д
Наиболее опасными считаются именно хронические, повседневные стрессы.
Варианты развития постстрессовых нарушений. Стресс "накапливаясь", может проявить себя в двух основных реакциях - соматических и невротических. На уровне соматических реакций мы чувствуем боли, напряжения, сердцебиения, затруднения дыхания, нарушения со стороны желудочно-кишечного тракта, кратковременные подъемы артериального давления. Невротические реакции проявляются как нервозность, нарушения сна, разнообразные тревоги, раздражительность, частые перепады настроения и т.д. . На этом уровне также еще не поздно помочь себе. Следующий шаг - реакции переходят в состояния, то когда мы уже не в силах вернуться к прежнему нормальному состоянию здоровья и когда пройдена условно называемая "точка невозвращения". Соматические реакции переходят в заболевания, невротические реакции в невротические состояния.
Коррекция стресса. Условно можно разделить формы коррекции или минимизации стрессирующих реакций на нерациональные (неадаптивные) и рациональные (экологичные). К неадаптивным методам снятия стресса принадлежит чрезмерное и неумеренное употребление алкоголя, курение, неконтролируемый врачом прием лекарственных препаратов, наркосодержащих веществ. Можно добавить к этому избыточное и неправильное питание, многие виды азартных игр, неумеренное времяпровождение за компьютерными играми и многое другое. Организм привыкает на биологическом и психологическом уровне к подобным „антистрессам“ и развивает состояние привыкания или зависимости, что таит в себе много опасностей как для личности так и для общества в целом.
Разновидности экологичных мер профилактики достаточны просты.
1. Физическая нагрузка. Стрессовые реакции всегда сопряжены с избыточным выделением гормона адреналина, который мы можем полностью утилизировать в повседневной жизни с помощью дополнительных физических нагрузок. Помимо этого, в процессе физической деятельности вырабатываются особые вещества группы эндорфинов (наши естественные антидепрессанты). 15 минут в день уже достаточно, чтобы сократить патологическое действие стресса вдвое.
2. Витамины. Это биологически активные вещества, укрепляющие барьерные (защитные) функции организма
3. Водные процедуры. Вода «снимает» стресс .
4. Массаж. При стрессах происходит в первую очередь «физическое», мышечное напряжение. Рекомендуется дважды в год проходить курс (8-10 сеансов) общего массажа.
5.Релаксация. Любой стресс это прежде всего напряжение. Физическое напряжение мышечной системы коррелирует с психическим напряжением, основой для развития неврозов. Физическое расслабление (релаксация) при умелом использовании способно в десятки раз снизить вероятность возникновения постстрессовых расстройств. Здесь хороши все известные способы расслабления - медитация, йога, аутогенная тренировка, дыхательные упражнения, самогипноз и самовнушение. Очень благоприятно для расслабления действует специально подобранная музыка.
И в заключение еще несколько советов: Ни в коем случае не переоценивайте стрессы. Замените слово "стресс" на более нейтральное - "перегрузка". Принимайте стресс, не бегите от него. Поймите, что это лишь реакция нашего организма на ситуацию, этой реакцией мы можем научиться управлять. Не переусердствуйте. Во всем хороша норма. Приняв 20 витаминов, вместо положенных 2-3 в день, вы вряд ли будете чувствовать себя лучше. Или чрезмерно увлекшись спортом, не приняв во внимание возрастную норму, можно добиться результата с точностью наоборот. При подозрении, что стресс «завладел» Вами, обратитесь к специалисту.
Александр Иванов, доктор медицины