- •Міністерство аграрної політики україни
- •Англійська мова
- •Grammar
- •Indefinite tenses (active voice)
- •I. The Use of Indefinite Tenses.
- •Exercises
- •Travelling
- •Reading
- •Text b. Adventure Holidays
- •Profile
- •Talking points
- •Grammar continuous tenses
- •I. The Use of Continuous Tenses.
- •II. The Formation of Continuous Tenses.
- •Exercises
- •Travelling by train
- •Going by Train in Britain.
- •Reading Text. Mistaken Identity.
- •Talking points
- •At the Enquiry Office
- •Speaking to another passenger
- •Grammar perfect tenses (active voice)
- •I. The Use of Perfect Tenses.
- •II. The Formation of Perfect Tenses.
- •Exercises:
- •Travelling by air
- •Reading Text a. A Tragedy in the Air.
- •Text b.
- •Talking points
- •The Plane Is Taking off
- •On the Plane
- •The First Steps on Land
- •At the Customs
- •At a Taxi- Stand
- •Grammar perfect continuous tenses (active voice)
- •I. The Use of Perfect Continuous Tenses.
- •II. The Formation of Perfect Continuous Tenses.
- •Exercises
- •Travelling by car
- •Reading Text a. Cars Driving Us Crazy?
- •Text b. Driving Tests.
- •Talking points
- •Grammar continuous, perfect, perfect continuous tenses
- •Travelling by sea
- •Liner cruise harbour deck cabin drop anchor at the pier
- •Reading Text. A Sea Story
- •Talking points
- •At the Booking Office
- •In the Cabin
- •Grammar modal verbs
- •Exercises
- •Going through the customs
- •Customs declaration
- •Reading. Text. A Custom House Incident.
- •Talking points
- •At a Passport and Customs Desk
- •Going Through the Customs
- •Grammar passive voice
- •1.The use of the Passive Voice
- •2.The formation of the Passive Voice.
- •Exercises
- •Why weren’t we warned?
- •At the hotel
- •Reading Text a. A Letter
- •Talking points
- •Grammar passive voice
- •Indefinite Tenses
- •Passive Voice
- •Exercises
- •Post office
- •Reading Text a. Lost in the Post
- •Text b. Post Cards
- •Talking points
- •Grammar
- •1.Passive Voice with Verbs which have Two Objects
- •2.Passive Voice with Verbs which Have a Prepositional Object
- •1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
- •At the doctor’s
- •Less Coffee, Fewer Heart Attacks
- •Reading Text. At the dentist’s
- •Talking points
- •Grammar passive voice Continuous Tenses
- •Exercises
- •Topic Topical Vocabulary
- •Reading Text. The Founder of the Microsoft
- •Talking points
- •Grammar passive voice Perfect Tenses
- •Exercises
- •Topic Topical Vocabulary
- •Remember the pronunciation of the following proper names:
- •Ukraine
- •Reading Text a. Government of Ukraine
- •National Government
- •Local Governments
- •Text b. Agriculture of Ukraine
- •Talking points
- •Grammar passive voice (revision)
- •Reading Text. Where To Go And What To See In Kyiv.
- •Talking points
- •Grammar
- •1.The Obligue Moods. The Synthetical and Analytical Forms
- •2.The Use of Subjunctive Mood in Simple Sentences
- •Exercises
- •Reading Text. Successful Farming Depends on the Soil.
- •Talking points.
- •Grammar Conditional Sentences
- •Mixed conditionals
- •If you had eaten proper food you would be healthy and happy now. Exercises
- •My native town.
- •Reading Text a. Kalynivka.
- •Text b. The Brave Village.
- •Talking points
- •Grammar Subjunctive II in Object Clauses Wish-sentences
- •Exercises
- •Topic Topical Vocabulary
- •Holidays in ukraine
- •Reading Text a. Customs and Traditions in Ukraine
- •Text b. Easter
- •Talking points
- •Grammar the subjunctive mood in complex sentences.
- •1.Adverbial clauses of purpose.
- •2.Adverbial clauses of time and place
- •Exercises
- •At the map of great britain
- •Reading Text a. The State System of Great Britain
- •Text b. Agriculture of Britain.
- •Talking points
- •Elections in Great Britain.
- •Grammar the subjunctive mood in complex sentences (continued)
- •3.Adverbial clauses of comparison and predicative clauses
- •4.Object clauses.
- •Exercises
- •1.Translate into Ukrainian.
- •Reading Text a. A Day in London.
- •Text b. Things to See in London.
- •Talking points
- •Grammar the subjunctive mood in complex sentences
- •5. Subject clauses
- •6.Attributive clauses
- •Exercises
- •Topic Topical Vocabulary
- •Holidays in great britain
- •Holidays
- •Reading Text a. Easter Sunday
- •Jesus Teaches
- •Text b. The Way of Life of the English
- •The English Home
- •Fireplaces
- •Text c. Shut the Door
- •Talking points
- •View of Britain
- •Grammar The Conditional Mood
- •Exercises
- •To date датувати(ся)
- •Higher education in great britain.
- •Reading Text a. Learning to Combine the World of Work and Study.
- •Text b. Au-Pair in Britain.
- •Talking points
- •Grammar Direct and Reported (Indirect) Speech. Reported Statements. Sequence of Tenses.
- •Exercises
- •Topic Topical Vocabulary
- •The commonwealth
- •Reading Text a. What Is International Trade?
- •Text b. Relations Between Ukraine and English-Speaking Countries.
- •Talking points
- •Grammar
- •1.Reported Questions.
- •2.Reported Commands, Requests, Suggestions.
- •Exercises
- •Suggested, insisted, shouted, agreed, whispered, claimed, muttered, boasted, objected, exclaimed, admitted, protested
- •Topic Topical Vocabulary
- •My future profession
- •Reading Text. Living by the Sword.
- •Talking points
- •What Does She Do?
- •Grammar revision
- •Agricultural enterprises of ukraine
- •Reading Text a. The Agrarian Policy in Ukraine.
- •Text b. Ownership and Management in the British Agriculture
- •Talking points
- •Тексти для читання за фахом
- •Text 2 Mammals
- •1.Read and translate the text using a dictionary.
- •Text 3 Variety of Mammals
- •1.Read and translate the text using a dictionary.
- •To trace простежити
- •Text 11. Horse
- •1.Read and translate the text using a dictionary.
- •To hunt полювати
- •Список використаної літератури
- •Contents
- •40030, Суми, вул. Петропавлівська, 98б, тел. (0542) 213-658.
- •40030, Суми, вул. Петропавлівська, 98б.
Міністерство аграрної політики україни
СУМСЬКИЙ НАЦІОНАЛЬНИЙ АГРАРНИЙ УНІВЕРСИТЕТ
Англійська мова
НАВЧАЛЬНИЙ ПОСІБНИК
ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТІВ ІI КУРСУ
ФАКУЛЬТЕТІВ БІОЛОГО-ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНОГО
ТА ХАРЧОВИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ
(поглиблене вивчення)
Суми
“ДОВКІЛЛЯ”
2003
УДК 811.111’36+57](075.8)
ББК 81.2 АНГЛ-923+28 я73
P 93
Рекомендовано методичною радою Сумського національного аграрного університету як навчальний посібник протокол №10 від 26.05.2003
Р е ц е н з е н т и
д. сільгосп. наук, проф. Котенджі Г.П.
к. філол. наук, доцент Мандич Е.Г.
ст. викладач Кравчук Т.В.
Автори-упорядники
Байдак Л.І., Дацко О.В., Камінська Н.М., Курінний О.В.
P 93 Profound English for the Students of Agriculture: Навчальний
посібник з англійської мови для студентів ІІ курсу факультетів
технологічного та харчових технологій (поглиблене вивчення) /
За ред. к.філол.н., доцента Кобжева О.М. – Суми: Видавництво
“Довкілля”, 2003. – 251 с.
ISBN 966-8078-20-9.
Навчальний посібник побудовано на лексичному і граматичному матеріалі, що відповідає вимогам програми та охоплює нормативну граматику англійської мови та базовий лексичний мінімум.
Тексти стосуються побутової, країнознавчої, загальнофахової та фахової тематики. Система вправ спрямована на вироблення навичок і вмінь використовувати лексико-граматичний матеріал, що вивчається, в ситуаціях реального спілкування.
Для студентів вищих навчальних аграрних закладів.
ББК 81.2 АНГЛ-923+28 я73
ISBN 966-8078-20-9 © Автори-упорядники Байдак Л.І.,
Дацко О.В., Камінська Н.М.,
Курінний О.В., 2003
© СНАУ, 2003
© БНВП "ЕОНС",
Видавництво "Довкілля", 2003
UNIT 1
Grammar: Indefinite Tenses (Present, Past, Future) Topic: Travelling Reading: Text A. A Letter to a Friend Text B. Adventure Holidays Talking Points |
Grammar
Indefinite tenses (active voice)
I. The Use of Indefinite Tenses.
The Present Indefinite is used:
1) to express a recurrent or permanent action in the present;
e.g. He lives in Kiev with his mother. Він живе у Києві з матір’ю.
2) to express an action or state which does not refer to any particular time;
e.g. Sugar dissolves in water. Цукор розчиняється у
воді.
3) to express a planned future action mostly with verbs denoting motion ( to go, to come, to leave, to start, to arrive…).
e.g. I leave Moscow tomorrow. Завтра я виїжджаю з Москви.
The Past Indefinite is used:
1)to express a single or permanent action which took place in the past;
e.g. I saw you in the street yesterday. Я бачив тебе на вулиці
вчора.
2) to express a succession of past actions;
e.g. I dressed, went downstairs, had Я одягнувся, зійшов some tea and left for work униз, випив чаю і пішов на роботу.
The Future Indefinite is used to express a single, permanent
or recurrent action in the future.
e.g. He’ll work abroad next year. Наступного року він працюватиме за кордоном.
II. The Formation of Indefinite Tenses.
Present |
Past |
Future |
|||
usually, often, always, seldom, hardly ever, occasionally |
yesterday, ago, last …, the other day, in 1998 |
tomorrow, next …, in two days |
|||
+ |
?/- |
+ |
?/- |
+ |
?/- |
I we you V they |
do/don’t + V |
Ved (V2) |
did/didn’t + V |
will (shall)+ V
|
will (shall) / won’t (shan’t)+ V |
will + V |
will/won’t+V |
||||
he she Vs it |
does/doesn’t + V |