- •Міністерство аграрної політики україни
- •Англійська мова
- •Grammar
- •Indefinite tenses (active voice)
- •I. The Use of Indefinite Tenses.
- •Exercises
- •Travelling
- •Reading
- •Text b. Adventure Holidays
- •Profile
- •Talking points
- •Grammar continuous tenses
- •I. The Use of Continuous Tenses.
- •II. The Formation of Continuous Tenses.
- •Exercises
- •Travelling by train
- •Going by Train in Britain.
- •Reading Text. Mistaken Identity.
- •Talking points
- •At the Enquiry Office
- •Speaking to another passenger
- •Grammar perfect tenses (active voice)
- •I. The Use of Perfect Tenses.
- •II. The Formation of Perfect Tenses.
- •Exercises:
- •Travelling by air
- •Reading Text a. A Tragedy in the Air.
- •Text b.
- •Talking points
- •The Plane Is Taking off
- •On the Plane
- •The First Steps on Land
- •At the Customs
- •At a Taxi- Stand
- •Grammar perfect continuous tenses (active voice)
- •I. The Use of Perfect Continuous Tenses.
- •II. The Formation of Perfect Continuous Tenses.
- •Exercises
- •Travelling by car
- •Reading Text a. Cars Driving Us Crazy?
- •Text b. Driving Tests.
- •Talking points
- •Grammar continuous, perfect, perfect continuous tenses
- •Travelling by sea
- •Liner cruise harbour deck cabin drop anchor at the pier
- •Reading Text. A Sea Story
- •Talking points
- •At the Booking Office
- •In the Cabin
- •Grammar modal verbs
- •Exercises
- •Going through the customs
- •Customs declaration
- •Reading. Text. A Custom House Incident.
- •Talking points
- •At a Passport and Customs Desk
- •Going Through the Customs
- •Grammar passive voice
- •1.The use of the Passive Voice
- •2.The formation of the Passive Voice.
- •Exercises
- •Why weren’t we warned?
- •At the hotel
- •Reading Text a. A Letter
- •Talking points
- •Grammar passive voice
- •Indefinite Tenses
- •Passive Voice
- •Exercises
- •Post office
- •Reading Text a. Lost in the Post
- •Text b. Post Cards
- •Talking points
- •Grammar
- •1.Passive Voice with Verbs which have Two Objects
- •2.Passive Voice with Verbs which Have a Prepositional Object
- •1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
- •At the doctor’s
- •Less Coffee, Fewer Heart Attacks
- •Reading Text. At the dentist’s
- •Talking points
- •Grammar passive voice Continuous Tenses
- •Exercises
- •Topic Topical Vocabulary
- •Reading Text. The Founder of the Microsoft
- •Talking points
- •Grammar passive voice Perfect Tenses
- •Exercises
- •Topic Topical Vocabulary
- •Remember the pronunciation of the following proper names:
- •Ukraine
- •Reading Text a. Government of Ukraine
- •National Government
- •Local Governments
- •Text b. Agriculture of Ukraine
- •Talking points
- •Grammar passive voice (revision)
- •Reading Text. Where To Go And What To See In Kyiv.
- •Talking points
- •Grammar
- •1.The Obligue Moods. The Synthetical and Analytical Forms
- •2.The Use of Subjunctive Mood in Simple Sentences
- •Exercises
- •Reading Text. Successful Farming Depends on the Soil.
- •Talking points.
- •Grammar Conditional Sentences
- •Mixed conditionals
- •If you had eaten proper food you would be healthy and happy now. Exercises
- •My native town.
- •Reading Text a. Kalynivka.
- •Text b. The Brave Village.
- •Talking points
- •Grammar Subjunctive II in Object Clauses Wish-sentences
- •Exercises
- •Topic Topical Vocabulary
- •Holidays in ukraine
- •Reading Text a. Customs and Traditions in Ukraine
- •Text b. Easter
- •Talking points
- •Grammar the subjunctive mood in complex sentences.
- •1.Adverbial clauses of purpose.
- •2.Adverbial clauses of time and place
- •Exercises
- •At the map of great britain
- •Reading Text a. The State System of Great Britain
- •Text b. Agriculture of Britain.
- •Talking points
- •Elections in Great Britain.
- •Grammar the subjunctive mood in complex sentences (continued)
- •3.Adverbial clauses of comparison and predicative clauses
- •4.Object clauses.
- •Exercises
- •1.Translate into Ukrainian.
- •Reading Text a. A Day in London.
- •Text b. Things to See in London.
- •Talking points
- •Grammar the subjunctive mood in complex sentences
- •5. Subject clauses
- •6.Attributive clauses
- •Exercises
- •Topic Topical Vocabulary
- •Holidays in great britain
- •Holidays
- •Reading Text a. Easter Sunday
- •Jesus Teaches
- •Text b. The Way of Life of the English
- •The English Home
- •Fireplaces
- •Text c. Shut the Door
- •Talking points
- •View of Britain
- •Grammar The Conditional Mood
- •Exercises
- •To date датувати(ся)
- •Higher education in great britain.
- •Reading Text a. Learning to Combine the World of Work and Study.
- •Text b. Au-Pair in Britain.
- •Talking points
- •Grammar Direct and Reported (Indirect) Speech. Reported Statements. Sequence of Tenses.
- •Exercises
- •Topic Topical Vocabulary
- •The commonwealth
- •Reading Text a. What Is International Trade?
- •Text b. Relations Between Ukraine and English-Speaking Countries.
- •Talking points
- •Grammar
- •1.Reported Questions.
- •2.Reported Commands, Requests, Suggestions.
- •Exercises
- •Suggested, insisted, shouted, agreed, whispered, claimed, muttered, boasted, objected, exclaimed, admitted, protested
- •Topic Topical Vocabulary
- •My future profession
- •Reading Text. Living by the Sword.
- •Talking points
- •What Does She Do?
- •Grammar revision
- •Agricultural enterprises of ukraine
- •Reading Text a. The Agrarian Policy in Ukraine.
- •Text b. Ownership and Management in the British Agriculture
- •Talking points
- •Тексти для читання за фахом
- •Text 2 Mammals
- •1.Read and translate the text using a dictionary.
- •Text 3 Variety of Mammals
- •1.Read and translate the text using a dictionary.
- •To trace простежити
- •Text 11. Horse
- •1.Read and translate the text using a dictionary.
- •To hunt полювати
- •Список використаної літератури
- •Contents
- •40030, Суми, вул. Петропавлівська, 98б, тел. (0542) 213-658.
- •40030, Суми, вул. Петропавлівська, 98б.
Topic Topical Vocabulary
1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
to the same extent coincide with dozen to be in rush holly mistletoe festive mood love-token fast confession Pancake Race Gunpowder Plot bonfire dummy |
з таким же розмахом співпадати з дюжина поспішати, метушитися гостролист омела святковий настрій символ кохання піст сповідь змагання з млинцями Порохова Змова вогнище опудало |
2.Read and translate paying attention to the active words and word combinations.
Holidays in great britain
National Days in Britain are not celebrated to the same extent as in France or America. Scotland’s National Day is St. Andrew’s Day (30 November), which has now largely been overshadowed by Burns’ Night. St. David’s Day (1 March) is the National Day of Wales. England’s National Day is St. George’s Day (23 April) which coincides with William Shakespeare’s Birthday. St. Patrick’s Day is an official Bank Holiday in Northern Ireland.
For many English people (with the exception of Scotsmen), Christmas is the favourite holiday. It is celebrated much earlier than in our country, on December, 25. Preparation for the holiday begins weeks before it with sending dozens of cards, buying presents and food, decorating the Christmas tree and the house. On Christmas Eve everything and everybody are in rush. Most offices and public buildings close at one o’clock, but shops stay open late. Railway and bus stations are overcrowded as people travel from all parts of the country to be with their families. Christmas is the most important family holiday. In the homes there is a great air of expectation. Holly and mistletoe are hanging on the wall waiting for the English traditional kissing when a girl standing under these evergreen plants can’t refuse being kissed. Mothers of the family are busy in the kitchen getting ready for the next day’s dinner of turkey, pudding and other tasty things. Before going to bed children may hang Christmas stockings on their beds in hope of getting presents from Santa Claus. Nowadays most children get so many presents that stockings are too small for them and gifts are put under the Christmas tree.
New Year in Britain (with the exception of Scotland) is not celebrated as widely as in our country. Some people may even completely ignore it and go to bed at the usual time without waiting for the clock to strike twelve. Those who do celebrate it may have parties or family get-together, go to the disco, or if they live in London, join in the festive mood of the huge crowds of people in Trafalgar Square or Piccadilly Circus. In Scotland New Year is called Hogmanay and is the most favourite holiday of the year.
Though February is a winter month, many British people start feeling spring on February, 14 when they get Valentine cards and symbolic love gifts. For many centuries St. Valentine’s day has been a good opportunity to openly show your feelings and exchange love-tokens.
Pancake Day is the popular name for Shrove Tuesday, the eve of the Lenten fast. In medieval times all Christians made their compulsory confessions or “shifts” from which the words “Shrove Tuesday” derives. They also took their last opportunity to eat up all the rich food prohibited during Lent. Thus all eggs, butter and fat remaining in the house were made into pancakes. And though you can eat them on any day of the year, they seem to be much tastier on Pancake Day! Some regions in Britain celebrate the day with pancake races during which a pancake should be tossed in the frying pan at least three times.
Easter in Britain is the time of giving and receiving presents which traditionally take the form of Easter eggs and hot cross buns. Nowadays eggs are usually made of chocolate with surprises in them, but the old custom of dying and painting eggs is still kept in some country districts. Other emblems of Easter are fluffy little chicks, the Easter Bunny and spring flowers.
April Fool’s Day is not an official holiday but few people are indifferent to it. Everyone who has a sense of humour likes to play practical jokes on their friends and family neighbours.
Bank Holidays are public holidays called so because the banks as well as most offices and shops are closed. There are winter, spring and summer Bank Holidays.
Another popular holiday in Britain is Guy Fawkes Day, which commemorates the discovery of the so-called Gunpowder Plot, a conspiracy to destroy the English Houses of Parliament and King James on November, 5 1605. It is usually marked with bonfires and dummies of Guy Fawkes.
3.Answer the questions.
1.When are National Days in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland celebrated?
2.Does the date of celebrating Christmas in Britain coincide with that in Ukraine?
3.What are the British people busy with on Christmas Eve?
4.What is the atmosphere in British homes on Christmas Day like?
5.What does the traditional Christmas dinner consist of?
6.In what way do the British celebrate New Year?
7.Which holiday is a good chance to openly show your feelings to your sweetheart?
8.What is pancake race?
9.What are the symbols of Easter?
10.What does Guy Fawkes Day commemorate? What is it marked with?
4.Match the English holiday words and expressions related to them with their Ukrainian equivalents.
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5.Fill in the gaps in the following text using the words given below.