- •Law enforcement
- •Предисловие
- •Contents
- •Unit 1 about oneself
- •Vocabulary
- •Like/ love/ enjoy doing something
- •II. Don’t like/dislike doing something
- •III. Am interested in/ tired of doing something
- •Countries. Nationalities. Languages.
- •Applying for a job
- •At a computer literacy1 seminar
- •Richard brown
- •In memory of1 trooper2 jose m. Cavazos
- •Sir robert peel (1788 –1850)
- •John edgar hoover (1895 –1972)
- •Unit 2 about one’s family
- •Vocabulary
- •My father works as a … 2. My brother is a …
- •An american family
- •An english family
- •Family background (family history)
- •The law and the family
- •1. Home and family in britain
- •Family law
- •Unit 3 daily routine
- •Vocabulary
- •Saying what time it is
- •Prepositions of time
- •Expressing time
- •John smith’s daily routine
- •Getting up
- •This is ann’s day
- •A working day at an american police academy
- •A working day at a law institute
- •1. Planning one’s daily round
- •1. What are the ways to prevent tiredness? (Some important rules suggested by psychologists)
- •2.Virginia state police academy rules and regulations (excerpts)
- •Unit 4 houses and flats
- •Vocabulary
- •Prepositions of position (Предлоги местонахождения)
- •Pattern
- •Certain things we can do to protect our homes (suggested by the police)
- •Burglary
- •Build /bIld/ - телосложение
- •Height /haIt/ - рост
- •Hair colour /'heq"kAlq/ - цвет волос
- •Hairstyle /'heq"staIl/ - прическа
- •Complexion /kqm'plekSn/ - цвет лица
- •1. Middle a. Legged
- •Task 5. Make up sentences using the following chart, translate them into Russian.
- •I am a decisive person. I make decisions quickly.
- •Prepositions in, with, of (used to describe people and clothes)
- •In a police station
- •Personal identification
- •Identification in police investigation
- •Warrant of arrest
- •The people of the state of new york
- •Name unknown, alias ‘red’, defendant
- •Unit 6 city and city life
- •Vocabulary
- •Prepositions of movement (предлоги движения)
- •Giving Directions
- •Task 14. Read the text and answer the questions. Young Man Hit by a Car
- •Task 16. Read and translate the text. Road Safety
- •Task 19. Complete the following sentences.
- •The Problem of Transport
- •Wessex Police
- •Owner’s report
- •Not a Robber
- •Modern mega-cities
- •An Excursion around Moscow
- •In your home town where would you go
- •Automobiles and crimes
- •Unit 7 professional education
- •Vocabulary
- •Higher Education in Great Britain
- •Studying at a British University
- •University Education in the United States
- •Entering the Profession
- •Virginia State Police Academy
- •The fbi National Academy
- •Law Institutes of the mia in Russia
- •The Aims of Legal Education
- •Trends in Legal Education
- •Unit 8 crime and society
- •Vocabulary
- •Names of crimes Названия преступлений
- •Task 1. Read and translate the sentences.
- •Task 3. Choose the word or phrase which best completes the following sentences; translate the sentences into Russian.
- •Some Definitions of Criminal Acts
- •Modern Crimes
- •Task 24. Read and translate the text. Crime in Britain
- •Task 27. Pracrise the following for pronunciation.
- •Task 28. Read and translate the text. Crime in the United States
- •Task 30. Fill the gaps with prepositions.
- •Task 31. Complete the following sentences.
- •Task 33. Speak on the following: Is crime really a number one social problem facing the society? Use the questions below as the outline for your story:
- •Task 35. Read and translate the text. Crime and Punishment
- •Task 38. Practise the following for pronunciation.
- •Task 39. Read and translate the text; make the list of court sentences in order of their strictness. Types of punishment
- •Task 43. Which punishment do you think is suitable for each of the following crimes? Match the actual sentences from British courts with the crimes.
- •The Sentence of the Court is …
- •Crime Prevention
- •Help the Police to Help You
- •Warning!
- •Zero tolerance
- •The car thief
- •Studying Crime
- •Unit 9 routine police activities
- •Vocabulary
- •Task 1. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •Task 3. Practise the following for pronunciation.
- •Police Organization
- •Task 11. Read and translate the text. Police Duties
- •Task 13. Make a list of word-combinations naming police duties, e.G. To prevent crime, to protect property, etc. Then make up sentences using the pattern.
- •Task 16. Fill the gaps with the words from the box; read and translate the texts without using a dictionary.
- •Detection and investigation of crime
- •At the police station
- •Patrol work
- •Regulation of motor vehicle traffic
- •Other work of the police
- •Police officers
- •Unit 10. My future profession
- •Vocabulary
- •Choosing a career
- •I am good at …/I am not good at …
- •Getting a job
- •The Interview
- •Before the Interview
- •At the Interview
- •1. What are the most important factors for you in choosing or keeping a job? Put the following factors in order of importance; give your reasons.
- •2. In your opinion, which jobs or professions fit your criteria? Does the job you hope to have fit them?
- •Lawyers
- •Legal professions
- •Barristers
- •I don’t mind …, but I do mind … . Do You Mind Doing These Things?
- •Role of Police Force
- •The policeman
- •What Would I Do If?
- •A Detective
- •Getting the profession of a law enforcement officer
- •I am … But in order to be successful in my job I should learn to be …
- •1. Law Enforcement Code of Ethics
- •Criminal investigation
- •Unit 11 british police
- •Vocabulary
- •Bobbies
- •British police service
- •Task 14. Fill the gaps with the prepositions; read and translate the text.
- •Task 15. Read the text and render its contents in Russian. Police officers
- •Task 16. Fill the gaps with the words from the box; read and translate the text.
- •The Metropolitan police
- •Common Purpose and Values of the Metropolitan Police
- •Keeping law and order
- •2. Police without guns
- •UnIt 12 american law enforcement organisations
- •Vocabulary
- •Early Police in the United States
- •Task 8. Practise the following for pronunciation. Decentralized /"dJ'sentrqlaIzd/ regulatory /'regjVlqtqri/
- •Various /'veqriqs/ trooper /'trHpq/
- •Law enforcement in the usa
- •State police
- •The Trooper Pledge
- •The Federal Bureau of Investigation
- •1. Undercover operations
- •2. Criminal investigation (virginia state police)
- •Text 2. Agatha christie (1890 – 1976)
- •Unit 2 text 3. Generation gap
- •Text 4. Family courts
- •Unit 3 text 5. Virginia state police academy rules and regulations (excerpts)
- •Unit 4 text 6. Modus operandi
- •Text 7. Burglarproof your home
- •Unit 5 text 8. Suspect jailed for shaving off eyebrows
- •Text 9.
- •Text 10
- •Unit 6 text 11. Traffic
- •Text 12. Motor vehicle accidents
- •Unit 7 text 13. Police Training in New York State Police
- •Text 14. Requirements for the fbi National Academy Candidates
- •Text 15. Young lawyers to get on-the-job training
- •Unit 8 text 16. Criminal Behaviour
- •Text 18. The price of crime
- •Unit 9 text 19. The diversity of police activities
- •Text 20.
- •Unit 10 text 21. A rough profession
- •Text 22. Crime scene protection
- •Unit 11 text 23. A history of policing in ireland
- •Text 24. Garda siochana
- •Unit 12 Text 25. Research and new developments in policing
- •Text 26. Police in other english speaking countries
- •1. Australia
- •2. New Zealand
- •3. Canada
- •Law and justice in english proverbs
- •List of abbreviations
- •Bibliography
Legal professions
Legal practice varies from country to country. In the United Kingdom the legal profession has two branches. Litigation lawyers are called barristers and those who deal with out-of-court work are called solicitors. A person who needs legal advice, for example, when buying a house, usually goes to see a solicitor. Solicitors may represent their clients in Magistrates’ courts and, since 1994, in the higher courts. However, solicitors often use barristers to represent their clients in higher courts. Barristers are not allowed to deal directly with the public and can only talk to their client if a solicitor is present. Barristers are called advocates in Scotland, and a solicitor or barrister representing a client in the English or Welsh courts is now often referred to as an advocate.
After many years in the court barristers may be appointed as judges. They are highly paid and are sometimes accused of being remote from the rest of society.
The divided system still exists in some Australian states, although in other parts of Australia and in Canada and New Zealand, where it was originally used, the two parts of the profession have now come together, or “fused”.
In the United States there is a single profession. Lawyers are usually known as attorneys1 and they often specialize in limited areas of law such as criminal, divorce, etc., though many are involved in general practice. People who want to be lawyers go to law school after graduating from college. On completing their studies they must pass the examinations of the bar association in the state in which they wish to work before they can practise law. Most American judges, although not all, are practicing attorneys at the time they assume the bench2. Most courts have only one judge, but some higher courts have several. The United States has more lawyers than any other country.
The legal profession in every country has its own governing body, which regulates the conduct of its members and governs their training and qualifications. In the United States every state has its bar association. Bar associations at the local, state and national levels help unify the legal professions in the United States. Bar associations often govern the conduct of the lawyers within the state; otherwise, a state commission or court will consider grievances against lawyers.
In Great Britain barristers must be members of one of the four Inns of Court and solicitors must belong to the Law Society. Complaints systems against solicitors and barristers are backed up by the Legal Services Ombudsman3 for England and Wales, who conducts investigations into the way the professional bodies handle these complaints. There is a separate Ombudsman for Scotland.
Many lawyers do not practise privately but work in the legal department of a large company or other association, or are in government service.
_____________
1attorney /q'tE:ni/ - атторней (прокурор), должностное лицо в системе судебной власти США, представляет сторону федеральных властей или властей штата или округа при рассмотрении судебных дел, а также является главным юридическим советником местного исполнительного органа власти
2 to assume the bench /q'sjHm/ - занять должность судьи
3ombudsman /'PmbVdzmqn/ – омбудсман (чиновник, рассматривающий претензии граждан к правительственным служащим)
Task 16. Find the English equivalents for the following word combinations; memorize them.
1) нуждаться в юридической консультации, совете
2) представлять клиента в суде
3) быть назначенным на должность судьи
4) специализироваться в узкой области права
5) заниматься общей практикой
6) рассматривать жалобы на работу юристов
7) проводить расследование
8) заниматься частной практикой
Task 17. Fill the gaps with prepositions; read and translate the text.
There is a total … 650 judges … Great Britain, although their duties vary … the different legal systems … England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Only about 3 per cent … judges are women. The majority are upper class, white males with an average age … 60, often educated … public schools and Oxford or Cambridge University. The Lord Chancellor, the highest judge … the land, who is also the head … the House of Lords, chooses new judges … the advice … other judges and important barristers, but nobody knows exactly how the process works or why decisions are taken.
Judges are usually men who have been barristers … at least ten years.
Task 18. Look through the text; render its contents in Russian.