Добавил:
Sekretar
kiopkiopkiop18@yandex.ru
t.me/Prokururor I Вовсе не секретарь, но почту проверяю
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5787_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
452
A. G. Osborn et al.
Introduction
From 1990 to 2024, women neuroradiologists in North America have made tremendous progress in the areas of leadership, clinical innovation, research, education,
diversity, equity and inclusion, and global outreach. In fact, numerous women have
made so many important contributions to the advances in neuroradiology in the past
several decades that it is impossible to mention every individual and capture every
major accomplishment. I have decided to summarize key accomplishments in four
domains, followed by short biographical sketches of luminaries organized by leadership roles and areas of expertise, and ending with conclusions and future directions.
Leadership
In the last 34years, national organizations have developed programs to support the
professional advancement of women. In 2012, the ASNR announced the Women in
Neuroradiology Leadership Award in partnership with the ACR and AAWR, providing the recipient with funding to attend the ACR Radiology Leadership Institute
Summit. The AAWR also currently sponsors two additional RLI Leadership Summit
Awards for women radiologists. SCARD developed the LEAD program, a 1-year
leadership development program for women, in 2018, for the purpose of increasing
the number of women in chair and institutional-level executive positions within
their respective organizations. The ASNR Diversity and Inclusion Committee, the
RSNA Committee on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, and the ACR’s Commission
for Women and Diversity have all sponsored programs to increase the number of
women and other minorities in radiology leadership and research programs.
As a result of these initiatives, as well as an increasing number of women engaged
in Neuroradiology, and the help of male champions, the number of women in
Neuroradiology Leadership positions has greatly increased. For example, from
1962 to 2004, one woman, Anne Osborn, served as President of the ASNR.From
2005 to 2024, 9 of 19 presidents have been women. Women have, for the rst time,
also served as President of the Canadian Society of Neuroradiology. Before 1990,
two women served as Presidents of the eight afliated societies of the ASNR.Since
then, approximately 45 women have served as Presidents of those societies. As of
2024, approximately 30% of the Division Chiefs in Neuroradiology in the United
States are female. Before 1990, no women served as Editor in Chief or as a Senior
Editor of the AJNR.Since 1990, approximately 12 women have served as Senior
Editors. Women neuroradiologists, for the rst time, have served in other prominent
radiology leadership positions such as the ASNR representative to the AMA House
of Delegates, the Chair of the ACR Board of Chancellors, President of the
Association of Academic Radiologists, and the President of the RSNA.Within their
own institutions, women in Neuroradiology have also achieved important leadership positions including Deans or Associate Deans of Schools of Medicine, of
26 The History ofWomen inNeuroradiology inNorth America from1990 tothePresent
453
Medical School Admissions and of Clinical and Translational Research; Chairs of
Departments; Chief or Associate Chief Ofcers for Quality and Safety and Diversity
and Inclusion; and Vice Chairs of Academic Affairs, Education, Quality and Safety,
Clinical Operations and Communications. For the rst time, women have received
Gold Medals from the RSNA, the ASNR, and the CAR, as well as from multiple
international Radiology societies. Raquel del Carpio-O’Donovan was appointed a
member of the Order of Canada, one of Canada’s highest honors, for her extraordinary leadership across multiple domains.
Clinical Innovation andResearch
Since 1990, women in Neuroradiology have secured increasing grant funding and
have made seminal contributions to advancing clinical care and Neuroradiology
Research.
Head and Neck Radiology Since 1990, 11 women have served as Presidents of the
ASHNR, and nine have received the gold medal. Collectively, they have advanced
our understanding of a wide range of head and neck topics. Several, including
Laurie Loevner, Yoshimi Anzai, Christine Glastonbury, and Nancy Fischbein have
substantially advanced the eld of head and neck cancer imaging, focusing on
pathophysiology, genetics, tumor microenvironments, assessing disease progression, and providing prognostic information. Kristine Mosier is a pioneer in the
application of functional MR imaging to the head and neck, Wendy Smoker dened
imaging of the craniocervical junction and of cranial nerves, and Vijay Rao dened
correlative imaging in Otolaryngology. Patricia Rhyner was the rst Head and Neck
Radiologist to establish a reading room in the ENT outpatient clinic.
Pediatric Neuroradiology
Since its establishment in 1993, nine women have
served as Presidents of the ASPNR, and four have received the gold medal.
Collectively, they have contributed to our understanding of a wide number of pediatric CNS diseases. Tina Poussaint has advanced the eld of pediatric brain tumor
imaging, with a focus on the correlation of imaging features with molecular subtypes. Dr. Jill Hunter has applied advanced MRI techniques to evaluate traumatic
brain injury and complex congenital heart disease. Caroline Robson has dened
various aspects of pediatric head and neck imaging, Erin Simon Schwartz has
advanced our understanding of magnetoencephalography, Michelle Silvera established imaging criteria for abusive childhood injury, and Susan Blaser focused on
inborn errors of metabolism. Ellen Grant is a luminary in the eld of neonatal imaging who has developed MRI, MEG, and quantitative Near Infrared Spectroscopy
techniques to improve our understanding of normal and abnormal brain physiology.
Birgit Ertl-Wagner has performed translational research focused on imaging of
pediatric brain tumors, neuroinammatory and metabolic disorders, neurovascular
imaging, and head & neck imaging.
454
A. G. Osborn et al.
Functional Neuroimaging and Articial Intelligence Dr. Jodi Tanabe was the
rst President of the ASFNR.She is renowned for her assessment of DBS, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and focused ultrasound for the assessment of substance
and alcohol use disorder. Dr. Yvonne Lui has described the utility of advanced MRI
imaging techniques in the assessment of traumatic brain injury and established one
of the rst radiology programs in machine learning. Dr. Caroline Meltzer used
advanced imaging to study the brain’s structure and function associated with normal
aging, Alzheimer’s disease, and neuropsychiatric disorders.
Interventional Neuroradiology Lee Jensen, the only woman radiologist who
served as a President of SNIS, co-developed the rst percutaneous vertebroplasty
and other augmentation techniques in the United States, and Donatella Tampieri
performed the rst vertebroplasty technique in Canada. Lee and Donatella, as well
as Michelle Johnson, have delineated numerous aspects of neurointervention for
cerebrovascular diseases.
Spine Imaging and Intervention Since its establishment in 1993, six women have
served as Presidents of ASSR, and one has received the gold medal. Lubdha Shah
developed noninvasive spine interventional devices using focused ultrasound to
treat spine pathologies and developed diffusion imaging sequences to evaluate the
spine and spinal cord. Wende Gibbs has dened imaging of spine oncology and pain
management, Michele Johnson has mastered neurointerventional techniques for
emergent spine pathologies, Judy Donovan Post delineated CT imaging of the spine,
Alyssa Watanabe developed several spinal injection procedures, and Erin Simon
Schwartz described spinal imaging of congenital anomalies.
Other Brain Pathologies Soonme Cha has dened MR perfusion and other
advanced imaging characteristics of brain tumors before and after treatment. Pam
Schaefer and Achala Vagal have dened the use of diffusion and perfusion imaging
in the evaluation of acute ischemic stroke and other cerebrovascular pathologies.
Jacquie Bello performed pivotal research in cerebrovascular disease and epilepsy.
Tammie Benzinger has pioneered translational PET and MR imaging techniques to
investigate biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease. Judy Donovan Post elucidated the
Neuroimaging of AIDS.
Health Services Research
Pina Sanelli and Yoshimi Anzai are experts in compara-
tive effectiveness research. Pina Sanelli received the Radiology Alliance for Health
Services Research (RAHSR) Achievement Award for Outstanding Contributions in
Research. Yoshimi established the ACQUIRE (Applying Comparative Effectiveness
and Quality Improvement in Research and Education) Workshop sponsored by four
societies.
26 The History ofWomen inNeuroradiology inNorth America from1990 tothePresent
455
Education
The vast majority of North American women neuroradiologists are known for their
exceptional teaching. Three have received the ASNR Outstanding Contributions in
Neuroradiology Education: Tabassum Kennedy for her development of entirely new
ways to engage medical students in the process of learning neuroradiology, Christine
Glastonbury for her mentoring programs for neuroradiologists and her exquisite
teaching of head and neck pathology and Pam Schaefer for her contributions to setting standards for Neuroradiology fellowships and running education-related committees of multiple societies including the ASNR, the AAR, and the RSNA.Ann
Osborne authored numerous best-selling textbooks and established the rst online
clinical radiology reference system, STATDx, all of which became standards in
neuroradiology education. Laurie Loevner served as the neuroradiology editor for
RadioGraphics and chaired the RSNA Education Committee and refresher course
program. Jacquie Bello was the former chair of the AMA Council on Medical
Education. Wende Gibbs served as Chair of the ASNR Education Committee and
Chair of the Education workgroup for the ACR Neuroradiology Commission. Rona
Woldenberg is the Founding Editor of Case in Point, an online daily case presentation sponsored by the ACR. Dr. Ertl-Wagner received the RSNA Honored
Educator Award.
Diversity, Equity andInclusion, andGlobal Outreach
Carolyn Meltzer served as the Chief of Diversity and Inclusion while she was the
Chair of Radiology at Emory University Hospital and established the Women in
Neuroradiology Leadership Award while serving as President of ASNR.Erin Simon
Schwartz was the founding co-chair of the ASNR’s Diversity and Inclusion
Committee, which oversaw the revision of numerous society charters to embrace
inclusivity. Michele Johnson, as Chair of the ASNR Committee on Diversity and
Inclusion, is a tireless champion for equity. She is the Director of the ACR PIER
Summer Program, designed to introduce underrepresented medical students to
careers in radiology. Yoshimi Anzai is a Past President of the AAWR, a co- director
of Women in Health, Medicine, and Sciences at the University of Utah, and internationally renowned for her advocacy for women and underrepresented minorities in
Neuroradiology. In honor of Anne Osborn’s international collaborations, the ASNR
established the Anne G.Osborn International Outreach Professor program, dedicated to delivering neuroradiology education in developing nations.
456
A. G. Osborn et al.
Biographical Sketches
Presidents ofASNR
Anne G.Osborn, MD, 1988–1989
Anne Osborn (Fig.26.1) was the rst woman president of ASNR.As she states:
“The only drawback? It took nearly 20years for the next one!” Early in her career,
following being a distinguished scientist at the AFIP, Anne established a correlation
between imaging and pathology. She co-authored 120 scientic articles as well as
best-selling textbooks that became standards in neuroradiology. These include
Introduction to Cerebral Angiography (1980), Diagnostic Neuroradiology (1994), a
succession of Diagnostic Imaging: Brain texts from 2004 to 2021, and Osborn’s
Brain. In 2001, Ric Harnsberger and Anne co-founded Amirsys, Inc., which published numerous textbooks distinguished by bulleted formats and abundant color
anatomic/pathologic illustrations. Subsequently, they established the rst online
clinical radiology reference system, STATDx
grams around the world.
Among numerous additional accolades, Ann was the Vice-President of the RSNA
and Chair of the Board of Trustees of the RSNA’s Research and Education
Foundation. She was awarded gold medals from the ASNR and RSNA, the rst
Outstanding Educator Award from the RSNA, and the Marie Curie Award. In 2017,
®
, now a standard for training pro-
Fig. 26.1 Anne G.Osborn
26 The History ofWomen inNeuroradiology inNorth America from1990 tothePresent
457
the ASNR established the Anne G.Osborn International Outreach Professor program, dedicated to delivering neuroradiology education in developing nations. At
the University of Utah School of Medicine, she was a distinguished professor and
held a Presidential Endowed Chair in Radiology.
Patricia Rhyner, MD, 2005–2006
Pat Rhyner (Fig.26.2) is a Past President of the ASNR and ASHNR and received the
ASNR Gold Medal in 2022. As Pat states, “At one time in the early 2000s, I was
both President-elect for the ASHNR (2003) and Secretary for the ASNR when I was
asked to run for Vice President of the ASNR. It had been 15 years since Anne
Osborne was ASNR president. We joked that she must have done a really bad job,
since it took so long to ask another woman to run! I won the election. It was crazy—I
was President of the ASHNR, Vice President-elect of the ASNR, and Secretary of
the ASNR! The joke in the Ex Comm was that if I was in attendance, we had a quorum.” Establishing a Head & Neck radiology reading room in the ENT outpatient
clinic at Emory University was the highlight of her career. As Pat states, “Imaging is
such a critical part of the ENT surgical specialty, so incorporating CT and MRI in
day-to-day patient care made sense. Everyone beneted: ENT and Neuroradiology
attendings, trainees, and patients. The surgeons and radiologists collaborated on
research, publications, and mutual education. The success of what at the time was
truly ‘out of the box’ thinking was the happiest time of my long career.”
Fig. 26.2 Patricia Rhyner
458
A. G. Osborn et al.
Carolyn C.Meltzer, MD, FACR, 2010–2011
Carolyn C. Meltzer (Fig.26.3) has a long history of extraordinary leadership, sponsorship, and mentorship in medicine. She was the third woman president of the
ASNR.She is currently the Dean of the Keck School of Medicine of USC and
serves on the Council of Deans Administrative Board for the AAMC, Board of
Directors of the RSNA, and the Board of the California Institute for Regenerative
Medicine (CIRM). Prior to joining USC, Dr. Meltzer served as the Chair of the
Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences at Emory University, where she
was also the Executive Associate Dean of Faculty Academic Advancement,
Leadership, and Inclusion, and the Chief Diversity and Inclusion Ofcer. Dr.
Meltzer performed landmark research on the brain’s structure and function during
normal aging, Alzheimer’s disease, and neuropsychiatric disorders. She led the clinical evaluation of the world’s rst human combined PET-CT scanner for cancer
staging and treatment. Dr. Meltzer is a fellow of the American Association for the
Advancement of Science and received the distinguished service award from the
AMA, the gold medal award from the AAR, the outstanding researcher award and
gold medal award from the ASNR, and the gold medal award from the Academy for
Radiology and Biomedical Imaging Research.
Fig. 26.3 Carolyn
C.Meltzer
26
The History ofWomen inNeuroradiology inNorth America from1990 tothePresent
459
Pamela W.Schaefer, MD, FAAR, FACR, 2012–2013
Pam Schaefer (Fig.26.4) is the Vice Chair of Faculty Affairs at MGH, previously
serving as the Vice Chair of Education, the Clinical Director of MRI, and the
Neuroradiology Fellowship Director. She holds the Theresa McLoud, MD, Endowed
Chair in Radiology Education and is Professor of Radiology at Harvard Medical
School. She is a past president of the ASNR, the ENRS, and the New England
Roentgen Ray Society. Other notable positions include the Chair of the Alliance of
Directors and Vice Chairs of Education in Radiology and the Chair of the Education
Committee of the AAR, the Chair of the Program Director’s Committee of the
ASNR, and the Chair of the Scientic Program Committee of the ARRS.She is a
fellow of the ACR and AAR, a Deputy Editor for Education of the JACR, and a past
Senior Editor of the AJNR.Dr. Schaefer is considered an international expert in diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), stroke imaging, and cerebrovascular imaging. She
is a renowned educator and received the 2022 ASNR Outstanding Contributions in
Neuroradiology Education Award.
Fig. 26.4 Pamela
W.Schaefer
460
A. G. Osborn et al.
Laurie A.Loevner, MD, 2015–2016
Laurie Loevner (Fig.26.5) is a Professor of Radiology and the Neuroradiology
Division Chief at the University of Pennsylvania. She is a Past-President of the
ASNR, the ASHNR, and the ENRS, and has served as the Vice Chair of the Head
and Neck/Neuro Oncologic Committee at the ACR Image Network (ACRIN). Dr.
Loevner served as the neuroradiology editor for RadioGraphics and chaired the
RSNA Education Committee and Refresher Course Program. Currently, she is the
Co-Chair for the Foundation of the ASNR, having raised over seven million dollars.
Dr. Loevner has performed cutting-edge research in head and neck cancer focused
on the pathophysiology, genetics, and microenvironments around tumors, assessing
disease progression, and providing prognostic information in oncologic patients.
Dr. Loevner “takes pride in developing the next generation of radiology investigators and leaders and has mentored too numerous to count trainees and faculty.” Dr.
Loevner received the IS Ravdin Master Clinician Award, given to one doctor annually throughout the University of Pennsylvania Health system, and is a founding
member and Co-Chair of the Academy of Master Clinicians at Penn.
Fig. 26.5 Laurie
A.Loevner
26
The History ofWomen inNeuroradiology inNorth America from1990 tothePresent
461
Jacquelline A. Bello, MD, FACR, 2017–2018
Jacquie Bello (Fig. 26.6) is the Zimmer-Hardy Professor of Neuroradiology at
Monteore and Professor of Radiology and Neurosurgery at the Albert Einstein
College of Medicine. She is a past president of the ASNR and received the ASNR
Gold Medal in 2023. She is internationally renowned for her contributions to healthcare policy, quality and safety, medical education, and neuroradiology clinical
research. Dr. Bello served as the Chair of the ACR Board of Chancellors and as the
Chair of the ACR Commission on Quality and Safety. She is a past president of the
AMA Foundation, former chair of the AMA Council on Medical Education, and
represents the ASNR in the AMA House of Delegates. Her research has been primarily focused on epilepsy, cerebrovascular diseases, and various head and neck
topics. She has shared her acumen for teaching in invited lectures all over the world.
She is a Columbia University Alumni Gold Medalist and a past president of the NY
Roentgen Society and the NY State Radiological Society.
Fig. 26.6 Jacquelline
A.Bello