What do you think?

• Name the most outstanding discoveries or inventions in your subject area. What are their strong and weak points?

• Name the most outstanding scientists of the 20^th century in your subject area. What was their contribution?

• What Nobel Prize winners from Russia or the former Soviet Union do you know? In what fields of science did they get their awards?

Writing

Think of any discovery or invention made in your field of science in the 20^th century. Which do you think has been of major importance for the advance of science and technological development?

Write a paragraph of about 100-150 words and give reasons for your choice of the discovery or invention.

In the Realm of Science

1. Learn how to say the singular and plural nouns.

phenomenon [fi'nɔminən]	phenomena [fi'nɔminə]
medium ['mi:diəm]	media ['mi:diə]
radius ['reidjəs]	radii ['reidiai]
analysis [ə'næləsis]	analyses [ə'næləsi:z]
crisis ['kraisis]	crises ['kraisi:z]
formula ['fɔ:mjulə]	formulae ['fɔ:mjuli:]
nucleus ['nju:kliəs]	nuclei ['nju:kliai]
axis ['æksis]	axes ['æksi:z]
index ['indeks]	indices ['indisi:z]

2. Prefix, stem and suffix are three parts of the word. It is possible to guess the meaning of the word if you know the meaning of the prefix or suffix. Refer the prefixes below to the categories:

Size

Location

Time and order

Number

Other

trans-	multy-	peri-	mega-	semi-
bi-	dec-	micro-	auto	pre-
mini-	mono-	super-	post	inter-
tri-	oct-	tele-	sub-	extra-.
hydro-	photo-	aero-	co-	fore-

3. Match each word that has a prefix in column A with the right meaning of the prefix in column B. Translate the words into your native language. Use a dictionary if necessary.

A	B
1) semiconductor	a) under
2) extraordinary	c) two
3) monologue	d) first
4) transmission	e) very small
5) submarine	f) half, partly
6) bilingual	g) beyond
7) microchip	h) across
8) primitive	i) one

4. Read and remember the prefixes that show various sizes.

Number Prefix Symbol 10 1 deka- da 10 2 hecto- h 10 3 kilo- k 10 6 mega- M 10 9 giga- G 10 12 tera- T 10 15 peta- P 10 18 exa- E 10 21 zeta- Z 10 24 yotta- Y

Number Prefix Symbol 10 -1 deci- d 10 -2 centi- c 10 -3 milli- m 10 -6 micro- u (greek mu) 10 -9 nano- n 10 -12 pico- p 10 -15 femto- f 10 -18 atto- a 10 -21 zepto- z 10 -24 yocto- y

Unit 2 Progress Monitoring In this unit you have worked on the vocabulary related to the topic “Evolution of the natural sciences” to make a breakthrough dramatically/essentially/profoundly to play a key role in the advancement of modern electronic devices scientist/philosopher/explorer/inventor or discoverer to have tremendous/great/practical effect on sth to show positive or negative potential deep insights into the nature of sth to have an impact on sth to be of the greatest benefit to mankind to provide a way to do sth to experiment with different techniques to open a new frontier to be awarded/to receive the Nobel prize to create principles/tremendous energy to redefine sth Tick (V) the points you are confident about and cross (X) the ones you need to revise.