- •О.И. Сафроненко, к.С.Петросян, с.Ю. Резникова learning to learn in english
- •Методическая записка
- •Contents
- •Unit 1 Learn How to Learn
- •What do you think?
- •Focus on Language
- •Focus on language
- •What do you think?
- •Keep learning? Keep earning!
- •Comprehension check
- •What do you think?
- •Unit 2 Study Smart, Not Hard
- •What do you think?
- •Focus on language
- •What do you think?
- •What are effective study habits?
- •Focus on language
- •Practice
- •Unit 3 Revise & Practise
- •Progress Test
- •Unit 1 Making the Choice of Your Life
- •What do you think?
- •Focus on Language
- •First degree courses in the uk
- •Comprehension check
- •What do you think?
- •Unit 2 Your Personal Science Odyssey
- •What do you think?
- •Comprehension check
- •Focus on Language
- •Practice
- •Unit 3 Revise & Practise
- •Game “Why physics or math, etc.?”
- •Progress Test
- •Unit 1 Secret of Success
- •What do you think?
- •Focus on language
- •Practice
- •Thinking about what we have found!
- •Comprehension check
- •Focus on language
- •“The World Wide Web: the battle for your mind at your fingertips”
- •Unit 2 Hunting for Treasures
- •Comprehension check
- •What do you think?
- •Focus on Language
- •Practice
- •Technology and Libraries
- •Comprehension check
- •What do you think?
- •Unit 3 Revise & Practise
- •Progress Test
- •Unit 1 Scientific Milestones
- •Metric system telescope compass thermometer microscope
- •Comprehension check
- •Focus on Language
- •Practice
- •Practice
- •Invention /discovery
- •Unexpected Discoveries
- •Comprehension check
- •What do you think?
- •Focus on language
- •Practice
- •What do you think?
- •Unit 2 Scientific Revolution
- •Breakthroughs of the 20th century
- •What do you think?
- •Focus on language
- •Verb Suffixes
- •Practice
- •What do you think?
- •Unit 3 Revise & Practise
- •Progress Test
- •Rules of the Lab
- •Unit 1 Global Issues
- •Comprehension check
- •Focus on language
- •Practice
- •Practice
- •What do you think?
- •Global Warming: Facts vs. Myths myths:
- •Comprehension check
- •Focus on language
- •Practice
- •Comprehension check
- •Focus on Language
- •Work in teams of 3. Make as many words as possible using the prefixes re-, dis-, over-, sub-, en-, up- . Compare as a class.
- •Practice
- •Unit 3 Revise & Practise
- •Progress Test
- •Unit 1 The 20th Century and Beyond
- •Science for the Twenty-First Century
- •Focus on language
- •Practice
- •As old as writing
- •What do you think?
- •Unit 2 Into the Future
- •What do you think?
- •Focus on the language
- •Practice
- •Practice
- •What do you think?
- •Unit 3 Revise & Practise
- •Progress Test
- •Unit 1 Job Opportunities for Students
- •Part-time Jobs vs. Holiday Jobs
- •Comprehension check
- •What do you think?
- •Focus on language
- •Practice
- •What do you think?
- •Focus on language
- •Unit 2 On the Job
- •What do you think?
- •Focus on language
- •Practice
- •What can I do with a Science degree?
- •What do you think?
- •Unit 3 Revise & Practise
- •Progress Test
- •Scripts Module 1 Unit 1 Five New Year's Resolutions for English Learners
- •Module 1 Unit 2
- •Module 2 Unit 1 a Look at Washington University
- •Module 2 Unit 1
- •Module 3 Unit 1
- •Module 3 Unit 2 Website of the Week — Universal Digital Library
- •Module 4 Unit 1
- •Module 4 Unit2 The Discoveries Behind This Year's Nobel Prizes for Science
- •Module 5 Unit 1 Cities Around the World Are 'Going Green'
- •Module 5 Unit 2 Electronic Waste
- •Is it illegal to dispose of computers in the trash?
- •Module 6 Unit 1 Scientists Receive National Medals of Science and Technology
- •Module 6 Unit 2
- •Module 7 Unit 1 Job Centre
- •Module 7 Unit 2
- •Interns Provide Free Labor, But Internships Are Not Always Free
- •Keys Module 1 Unit 1
- •Module 1 Unit 2
- •In the Realm of Science 1
- •Module 1 Unit 3
- •Module 2 Unit 1
- •Module 2 Unit 2
- •Module 2 Unit 3
- •Модуль 3 Unit 1
- •Module 3 Unit 2
- •Module 3 Unit 3
- •Module 4 Unit 1
- •Module 4 Unit 2
- •In the Realm of Science 2
- •In the Realm of Science 3
- •Module 4 Unit 3
- •Module 5 Unit 1
- •Module 5 Unit 2
- •Module 5 Unit 3
- •Module 6 Unit 1
- •In the Realm of Science 1
- •Module 6 Unit 2
- •Module 6 Unit 3
- •Module 7 Unit 1
- •Module 7 Unit 2
- •Module 7 Unit 3
- •List of materials used
- •Part-time Jobs vs. Holiday Jobs// Retrieved from e4s:co uk http://www.E4s.Co.Uk/docs/part-time-jobs.Htm
- •Internet recourses
Unit 2 Scientific Revolution
Lead In |
-
The most revolutionary and important
discoveries in science are often called
breakthroughs.
-
Work with a partner. Make a list of
breakthroughs and inventions made in the
20th century.
-
Discuss your lists as a class and agree on five
breakthroughs and inventions that you
think have changed the world we live in.
Reading |
-
The words in A are in the text you are going to read. Match a word in A with a definition in B. Use a dictionary if necessary.
A |
B |
1) unprecedented |
a) in a way that has a very great effect on sb/sth: |
2) insight |
b) very great or extremely good |
3) profoundly |
c) possible effect or result of an action or a decision |
4) to redefine |
d) that has never happened, been done or been known before |
5) susceptibility |
e) qualities that exist and can be developed |
6) sophisticated |
f) the ability to see and understand the truth about people or situations |
7) implication |
g) to consider sth in a new way |
8) tremendous |
h) the state of being very likely to be influenced, harmed or affected by sth |
9) potential |
i) clever and complicated in the way that it works or is presented |
-
Read the text about the breakthroughs of the 20th century. Find out what changes they have brought about. Complete the chart.
Breakthrough |
Implication |
|
|
Breakthroughs of the 20th century
An unprecedented explosion of creativity, insight, and breakthrough occurred in every field of science in the last century. It started without airplanes, television, computers and ended with spacecraft on Mars and a walk on the Moon along the way, the structure of DNA and a model of the atom, advances in particle physics and cosmology as well as wireless Internet. These discoveries profoundly changed the way we understand the world and our place in it.
However, choosing the most important breakthroughs and inventions of the last 100 years is like choosing the most beautiful flower in a garden of roses. Picking the most important of anything is quite tricky. When one invention leads to the next, which is more important, the chicken or the egg? Some breakthroughs, like Einstein’s theory of relativity, redefined our understanding of the universe, while others had more impact on everyday life.
Since the 1940s, computers have provided a way to solve complex problems and penetrated nearly every aspect of our lives. The rise in the 1990s of the Internet, the World Wilde Web and e-mail are changing the way we gather information, communicate and shop. Programmable electronic devices of all sorts have come to spread to modern society to such a degree that future generations may well characterize the 20th century as the Computer Age.
Francis Crick and James Watson won a Nobel Prize after solving mystery of the human genetic coding called DNA in 1953. They discovered how the genes for recreating life were arranged in a double helix (spiral). Existing in every cell, DNA controls what we look like and our susceptibility and resistance to disease and tells our cells how to act to keep our bodies functioning.
The first entirely synthetic plastic, Bakelite, was invented – by accident, as it happened – by American chemist Leo Baekeland in 1909. Early uses included radios, light sockets, jewelry, telephones, washing machines, fishing reels and guns. Later synthetics, like cellophane, nylon and Teflon, brought revolution of their own.
From the launching of the first satellite in 1957 – Sputnik – to man’s walk on the moon 12 years later to today’s sophisticated telescopes, shuttles and trips to Mars, space exploration has opened a new frontier. Lessons learned in space also have had implications for some very earthbound problems.
Technology that allowed images to be transmitted over wires was being developed in the 1920s. In 1932 the heart of the TV, the electron scanning tube was patented under the name of an iconoscope. Since that time TV has transformed how much and how quickly we see the world, and – more than radio or motion pictures – how we spend our leisure time.
Albert Einstein’s general theory of relativity was another great 20th century breakthrough. It provides deep insights into the nature of gravity as well as the world’s understanding of itself. For the first time, his work proved that space can be curved and that time could differ from point to point. His theory also led to the conclusion that all the galaxies, and the whole Universe had originated in a Big Bang, thousands of millions of years in the past. And so the modern science of cosmology was born. By describing how light moves, Einstein created principles that led us to lasers and transistors. And his suggestions, via his special theory of relativity, that a little mass of matter could create tremendous energy led to the atomic bomb and the nuclear age. It is often claimed that no breakthrough has shown more negative and positive potential.
American astronomer Edwin Hubble showed that the universe is expanding. Hubble made his great discoveries on the best telescope in the world at that time - the 100-inch telescope on Mount Wilson in southern California. Today his name carried by the best telescope we have, not on Earth, but a satellite observatory orbiting our planet. The Hubble Space Telescope is continuing the work begun by Hubble himself to map our Universe, and producing the most remarkable images of distant galaxies ever seen.
Three American physicists received the 1956 Physics Nobel Prize for their joint invention of a transistor. Transistors played a key role in the advancement of electronics. Today’s computer microchips are essentially tens or even hundreds of millions of transistors and derivative devices on a single wafer* of silicon. Without transistors, we wouldn’t have personal computers, cell phones, fax machines, modems or most other modern electronic devices.
(Adapted from the Internet sites)
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a wafer of silicon - здесь: тех. кремневая плата, подложка