- •Reading Material Text a
- •Before reading the text try to discuss the following questions.
- •Now read the text, translate it and get ready to do the exercises after the text. Geography
- •Word Study
- •Comprehension and Discussion
- •Origin and development of geography. Early history
- •Geographic methods. Map location and measurement
- •The Round Earth on Flat Paper
- •Dialogue
- •Listening Comprehension Text “Geography”
- •Revision
- •What is science?
- •Становление географии как науки
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Additional Reading Geography and people: Ptolemy
- •Components of maps
- •Maps and graphs Maps
- •Isoline maps
- •Choropleth
- •Topological maps
- •Proportional flow maps
- •Dot maps
- •Line graphs
- •Scattergraphs
- •Pie charts
- •Reading Material Text a
- •The History of Exploration
- •Word Study
- •Comprehension and Discussion
- •Captain Cook
- •Text c The Mystery of the Franklin Expedition
- •Text d
- •The History of Maps
- •Dialogue
- •Listening Comprehension Text “Christopher Columbus”
- •Revision
- •Questions:
- •II. Первое русское кругосветное путешествие
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Additional Reading Famous Russian navigators
- •Navigation Tools
- •Unit III
- •Reading Material Text a
- •Before we start reading let’s recollect the composition of the solar system.
- •What does the solar system consist of?
- •What heavenly object is the most beautiful (mysterious, important)?
- •The Universe and the Solar System
- •Word Study
- •Comprehension and Discussion
- •Our local star
- •Text c The Evolution of the Universe
- •Text d Galaxies
- •Dialogue
- •Is the Sun Good or Bad for Us?
- •Is the sun good or bad for us?
- •Listening Comprehension Text “Stars”
- •Fill in the gaps.
- •Note down the temperature of:
- •Note down the colours of :
- •Revision
- •The Lunar Surface
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Additional Reading The Planets
- •Mercury
- •Jupiter
- •Uranus and Neptune
- •Stellar Evolution
- •Unit IV
- •Reading Material Text a
- •Before reading the passage discuss these points with a partner.
- •Is the earth a perfect sphere?
- •This Earth of Ours
- •Word Study
- •Comprehension and Discussion
- •Volcanic Eruptions
- •Text c The Earth. Size. Shape.
- •Text d The Earth
- •Dialogue Discussing the age of the earth
- •Listening Comprehension Text “The Earth’s shape”
- •1. What is the “equatorial bulge”?
- •2. Are all three models only approximations?
- •Revision
- •History of the Earth
- •Latitude and Longitude
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Additional Reading Yellowstone National Park
- •The geological setting
- •Hydrothermal features
- •Reading Material Text a
- •The Atmosphere: Properties and composition
- •Word Study
- •Comprehension and Discussion
- •Oxygen-Carbon Dioxide Cycle
- •The Ozone Layer
- •The Ionosphere
- •Dialogue
- •Listening Comprehension Text “The Atmosphere”
- •Part b. Listening activities
- •Revision
- •Air pollution
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Additional Texts Greenhouse gases
- •The air we breathe
- •Unit VI
- •Reading Material Text a
- •Before reading the text discuss these points with a partner.
- •Now read the text, translate it and get ready to do the exercises after the text. Climate
- •Word study
- •Climate
- •Comprehension and Discussion
- •The climate of the uk
- •The World’s Inconstant Climate
- •Methods of weather modification
- •Weather
- •Days of Abnormal Weather
- •Vocabulary
- •Days of Abnormal Weather Text 1
- •Interpretation
- •Weather Forecast
- •Listening Comprehension Text “The Climate”
- •Revision
- •Climate
- •Weather maps
- •Project Writing
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Additional Reading Climatic Change
- •Origin of Climatic Change
- •Ocean Currents
- •Unit VII
- •Reading Material Text a
- •Before reading the passage discuss these points with a partner.
- •Into how many parts is the earth’s surface divided?
- •How are land and sea distributed?
- •Now read the text, translate it and get ready to do the exercises after the text. Land Forms of the Earth
- •Word Study
- •The Alps
- •Comprehension and Discussion
- •The Surface of the Ground
- •Continental Drift
- •Wegener’s Theory
- •Text d The Soil Beneath our Feet
- •Dialogue Discussing the process of erosion
- •Listening Comprehension Text “Continental drift”
- •Fill in the gaps.
- •Note down the terms used by the lecturer.
- •Note down the thickness of the asthenosphere.
- •Revision
- •Relief form of the earth
- •Earthquake waves
- •Earthquakes
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Additional Reading Erosion
- •Weathering
- •1999 A bad year for earthquakes
- •Limestone in Europe
- •Vulcanism
- •Volcanic Eruptions
- •Glaciers
- •Minerals
- •What Minerals Are
- •Mineral Properties
- •The Earth’s Interior
- •Interior Structure
- •Rock Classification
- •Igneous Rocks
- •Sedimentary Rocks
- •Grammar focus the system of tenses
- •Charles Robert Darwin
- •Passive voice
- •The Greenhouse Effect
- •Participle
- •The gerund
- •Функции герундия в предложении и способы его перевода на русский язык
- •Infinitive
- •I. Образование
- •II. Функции инфинитива в предложении.
- •Complex Object
- •Complex Subject
- •Subjunctive mood
- •Subjunctive Mood Conditional Sentences
- •Modal verbs
- •(Выражение «вероятности», «предположения»)
- •The system of tenses
- •Charles Robert Darwin
Comprehension and Discussion
Ex. 1. Say whether the following statements are true or false. Justify your answers with information from the text. For the statements you consider to be false, provide the correct information. Here are the possible openings for you.
Agreeing |
Disagreeing |
really so absolutely so it can’t be denied it can be easily proved this is generally believed to be true this is believed by some to be true
|
that is only partly true as far as I know as far as I have learnt from the contents as far as I remember (from the text) I don’t agree I don’t think that’s right |
The universe still contains a lot of mysteries.
The sun is named “central figure” of the solar system only because of its central position.
All rotations and revolutions in the solar system are in the same direction.
Planets, asteroids and satellites are so-called dead.
The earth and the moon are separated by short distance, 384,000 km.
Galileo discovered the planet Jupiter in 1609.
The planets revolve around the sun in absolutely circular orbits.
Ex. 2. Which phrase on the right completes each eight sentences beginning on the left? Do you strongly agree or disagree with any of the statements?
|
|
Ex. 3. Choose someone to act as a President of the Royal Astronomical Society and answer the visitors’ questions.
What (is / are) Could you explain to me Can you tell me about What do you mean by Why |
the movements of the planets the planets stay on their orbits people can see other planets, asteroids, satellites the lifetime of a comet the composition of the solar system the sun is luminous the mean diameter of the solar system the central figure of the solar system scientists discovered numerous celestial bodies |
Ex. 4. Speak on:
The composition of the Universe: the set of eight spheres, to be separated by unimaginable distances, a central figure, the family of bodies, to accompany, isolated in space, the solar system, to consist of, satellites, asteroids, comets, to orbit the sun, a galaxy, the mean diameter.
Our local star: a central figure, massive, luminous, to generate energy, nuclear fusion, to provide planets with heat and light, to pull the planets, to revolve around, circular orbits.
Comets: a “dirty snowball”, to approach the sun, to evaporate, a head of gas, to sweep into, the solar wind, a comet’s tail, to head back, outer reaches, an impressive spectacle.
The law of universal gravity: to lie in the same (opposite) plane, to stay on one’s orbit, an attraction, to pull each other, to pull away from each other, the force, to be discovered.
Ex. 5. Draw a scheme of the distribution of the planets in the solar system and compare their related position toward each other and the sun, using the words and phrases from the text.
Ex. 6. Read the words in the box, make sure you understand them and predict the consequences of asteroid attacks.
Asteroid; to intersect with the orbit of Earth; to bring great damage to; tsunamis; blast waves; electromagnetic changes near the surface; effects; to vary enormously; to depend on; the character of the object; speed; angle of entry; consequences; human life; natural ecosystem; atmosphere of Earth; to protect from; to burn up; to explode; at high latitudes. |
Ex. 7. Choose one of the following items and write an essay. Use additional material.
A planet parade.
Are we alone in the Universe?
The Universe had a definite beginning. Will it then have a definite end?
Is there a ninth planet still to be discovered?
Pluto is still a puzzle.
Text B
Task. Read the text and get ready to discuss its main points.