Prepositions (предлоги)

Предлог (The Preposition) – это служебное слово, выражающее различные отношения существительных или его эквивалентов (местоимений, существительных, герундия) к другим словам в предложении (существительным, прилагательным, глаголам).

По своей форме предлоги в английском языке делятся на следующие группы:

а) простые – in, to, at , …

б) составные – into, upon, throughout, …

в) групповые, т.е. словосочетания, играющие роль предлогов – according to (согласно), by means of (посредством), instead of (вместо), in front of(перед).

Предлоги в английском языке подразделяются на предлоги места, направления и времени.

Предлоги места

On - на	On the desk, on the wall
In – в, на	In the room, in the street, in the tree
At – у, в, на	At the window, at the meeting
Near - около	Near the door, near the wall
Over - над	Over the table, over the sofa
Under - под	Under the table, under the bed
Between - между	Between two chairs, between the doors
Among - среди	Among the students, among them
Behind – за, позади	Behind the house, behind them
Across – через, напротив	Across the street, across the river
In front of - перед	In front of the house, in front of him
Through – через, сквозь	Through the window, through the glass

Предлоги направления

To – к, на, в	To the park, to the North, to school
Towards – в направлении к	Towards the forest, towards the station
From – из, с, от	From the fridge, from the North
Into – в (внутрь)	Into the pocket, into the room
Out of – из (изнутри)	Out of the house, out of the drawer
Off – с(со), от	Off the desk, off the wall

Предлоги времени

In – в, через	In two days, in September
At – в, у	At 7 o’clock, at noon
By - к	By 3 o’clock, by midnight
From… till – от (с)…до	From early morning till late at night
Since - с	Since 5 o’clock, since noon
For – в течение	For several hours, for ages
On - в	On Sunday, on the tenth of May
During – во время	During the lecture, during the break
Before – до (перед)	Before the bell, before winter
After - (после)	After school, after the break
Till (until) - до	Till May, till the end of the year
Between - между	Between one and two o’clock

EXERCISES

Exercise 1. Fill in the gaps with appropriate prepositions where necessary.

1. Good bye! See you … Friday. 2. I got up … 8o’clock. 3. I like getting up early … the morning. 4 I was tired this morning. I stayed in bed … 10 o’clock. 5. We waited … half an hour, but they didn’t come. 6. There was a big table … the middle of the room. 7. What is the longest river … the world? 8. Will you be … home tomorrow afternoon? 9. Are you going … the party on Saturday evening? 10. What time are you going … home? 11. We jumpted … the bridge …the water. 12. You can put your coat … the chair. 13.In Britain it’s expensive to travel … train. 14. Sarah isn’t interested … sport. 15. Barbara plays … the piano well.

Exercise 2. Choose the right variant.

1. … conclusion he said that he was very happy to visit our country.

a) To b) In

2. This book was translated … Japanese.

a) of b) from

3. Will your sister be … home … this evening?

a) in, on b) at, -

4. If we don’t hurry, we’ll be late … dinner.

a) on b) for

5. They jumped … the bridge … the water.

a) off, into b) of, in

6. Some people talk … their health all the time.

a) about b) on

7. Edina doesn’t use her new car very often, she used to go everywhere … bus.

a) on b) by

8. In our country children normally start school … the age of six.

a) at b) on

9. We must hurry! The train leaves … ten minutes.

a) at b) in

10.Last night I spoke … my husband … the telephone.

a) with, by b) to, on

11…. my opinion, capital punishment is really kinder than life … prison.

a) From, in b) In, in c) At, at

12.She knew, of course, that Peter had long been … love …her.

a) with, to b) in, for c) in, with

13…. the end of every other minute he would drop his tools, wipe his shining head, and curse the heat.

a) In b) At c) On

14…. that point, what had happened … me?

a) From, to b) On, with c) In, to

15.It all depends … the way you look … life.

a) to, at b) on, at c) on, for

16.One… them suddenly cried out… despair “Let me go back.”

a) among, for b) between, from c) of, in

17.We drank a toast … the bride and bridegroom.

a) to b) for c) at

18.I want you to tell me … this accident.

a) about b) on c) of

19.You should take this medicine … every meal.

a) across b) after c) in

20. There is something unusual … my husband and his secretary.

a) between b) among c) beyond

21.The book reminded me … a picture dictionary that had belonged … my elder sister.

a) -, to b) of, to c) on, - d) about, to

22. … a long time he remained … the edge … the roof, staring steadily … the ground.

a) -, at, of, at b) In, on, on, on c) For, on, of, at

d) For, on, of, to

23.He was so late…dinner that his stepmother said …him not to enter…the dining-room.

a) to, to, into b) for, -, - c) to, -, - d) for, to, -

24.His father, who was sitting … the armchair…the window, kept looking … him steadily.

a) on, by, on b) in, by, at c) in, in front, at

d) on, by, for

25…. This evening Peter’s father was waiting … him … the railway station.

a) During, -, at b) In, for, at c) -, for, at d) -, for, on

26.It was very good … my colleague to invite me … his party.

a) for, to b) of, at c) of, to d) to, to

27.I have been suddenly called away … business and don’t know when I’ll be back…home.

a) to, - b) for, to c) from, - d) on, -

28.Mary has just lost the keys … her room.

a) for b) of c) to d) from

29.He hesitated … a moment and then he joined … the others.

a) for, to b) with, - c) over, with d) for, -

30.The sole reason … my staying here is your poor state… health.

a) of, of b) in, of c) of, in d) for, of

Теst 1.

Choose the right answer:

1. Professor Presbury was certainly surrounded … every sign not only … comfort but … luxury.

a) with, of, of b) by, with, with c) of, of, of

2. My mother didn’t often write letters … her brother when she got married and left … another town.

a) to, for b) for, to c) for, on

3. They told … him to wait … them … the bridge.

a) -, -, on b) to, to, in c) -, for, at

4. How long was John working … his French last night?

a) at b) on c) with

5. Our train arrived … New York … six o’clock.

a) in, at b) to, on c) at, in

6. How do I get … the railway station?

a) on b) at c) to

7. Who is the girl … the red dress, sitting … the head of the table?

a) in, at b) with, in c) of, on

8. There was an accident … the crossroads … midnight last night.

a) in, in b) at, at c) on, in

9. … mistake I opened your parcel instead … my own.

a) In, - b) By, of c) On, in

10.We have lived … this street … five years.

a) on, in b) in, for c) at, by

11.It’s obvious that his taste in movies was very different …mine.

a) of b) with c) from

12.In spite … all troubles we had I finished that work.

a) on b) of c) with

13.The teacher was pleased … my composition.

a) with b) of c) from

14.Pick … this pen and put it … the table.

a) -, in b) up, on c) up, into

15.We subscribed … some newspapers and magazines.

a) on b) at c) to

16.I can’t believe you have agreed … his offer!

a) to b) with c) on

17.Why don’t you agree … your director?

a) to b) with c) at

18.Have you ever been … Glasgow?

a) in b) at c) to

19.I can’t understand why you are laughing … me all the time.

a) at b) on c) of

20.They insisted … my leaving.

a) in b) at c) on