- •Предисловие
- •Unit 1. Глагол to be Глагол to be может быть смысловым и вспомогательным , как основной глагол он переводится на русский язык как быть, являться, находиться
- •Упражнение 8.
- •Оборот there be (находиться)
- •Глагол to have
- •Глагол to have может быть смысловым и вспомогательным , как основной глагол он переводится на русский язык как
- •Иметь, обладать
- •Имеется два варианта использования глагола to have
- •1. Функции глагола to be
- •2. Функции глагола to have
- •Unit 2. Pronouns – местоимения
- •Упражнение 2.
- •Unit 3. Articles Артикли
- •Определенный и нулевой артикли
- •Упражнение 1.
- •Упражнение 2.
- •Упражнение 3.
- •Unit 4. Степени сравнения прилагательных
- •Упражнение 1.
- •Упражнение 2.
- •Упражнение 3. Закончите предложения сравнительной степенью противоположного по значению прилагательного.
- •Прилагательные old и far
- •Вспомогательные слова than, much, as…as, not as/ so…as
- •Unit 5. Выражения количества Much and many
- •A Lot/ lots of
- •A few and a little
- •Упражнение 1. Вставьте much, many, few, a few, little, a little в предложениях.
- •Some and any
- •Упражнение 2.
- •Упражнение 3. Вставьте some, any, no, every и производные от них где необходимо.
- •Unit 6. Порядок слов
- •Упражнение 2.
- •Вопросительные предложения
- •Unit 7. Present Simple
- •Unit 8. Present Continuous Present Continuous (настоящее продолженное время) используется для выражения:
- •1. Действия, происходящего в данный момент: They are playing football in the garden.
- •Упражнение 2.
- •Упражнение 3.
- •Упражнение 5. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple или в Present Continuous.
- •Unit 9. Present Simple and Present Continuous
- •Unit 10. Present Perfect
- •You ever (be) to the Crimea?
- •Упражнение 2.
- •Упражнение 3.
- •Present Perfect Continuous
- •Упражнение 7.
- •Unit 11. Past Simple
- •Present Perfect and Past Simple
- •Упражнение 6.
- •Unit 12. Past Continuous
- •Exercise1.
- •Past Simple and Past Continuous
- •Формы прошедшего простого и прошедшего продолженного времени:
- •Exercise8.
- •Unit 13. Past Perfect
- •Exercise 1.
- •Поставьте глаголы в скобках в Past Perfect.
- •Reported Speech
- •Unit 14. Future forms
- •Unit 15. Passive
- •Unit 16. Modal verbs
- •I. Исправьте ошибки.
- •Функции модальных глаголов
- •Exercise 3.
- •Unit 17. Conditionals First Conditional
- •Условные предложения
- •Exercise 1.
- •Second Conditional
- •If we caught the 10.30 train, we’d arrive too early.
- •Unit 18.
- •Verb Patterns
- •Exercise 1.
- •Некоторые случаи употребления –ing –формы
- •Exercise 5.
- •Exercise 6.
- •Verb Patterns 2
- •Exercise 7.
- •Exercise 8.
- •Unit 19. Глаголы make, do
- •Do or make
- •Do: uses and expressions
- •Exercise 1.
- •Exercise 2.
- •Unit 20.
- •Exercise 4.
- •Unit 21.
- •Infinitive
- •Функции
- •Complex object
- •Complex subject
- •Exercise 1.
- •I. Выберите правильный перевод инфинитива.
- •Unit 22. The gerund
- •Существительное
- •Инфинитив
- •Unit 23. The participle
- •Формы Participle I, II
- •1. The Objective Participial Construction (сложное дополнение).
- •3. The Absolute Participle Construction (Независимый причастный оборот).
- •4. Absolute Construction without a participle (Абсолютная конструкция без причастия).
- •Unit 5
- •Unit 6
- •Unit 8
- •Unit 9
- •Unit 10
- •Present Perfect Continuous
- •Unit 11
- •Unit 12
- •1. He says he is sure he will come in time.
- •Unit 14
- •Unit 15
- •Unit 16
- •Unit 17
- •Unit 18
- •Unit 19
- •Unit 20
- •Unit 21
- •Additional exercises Unit I Tenses and aspects
- •Direct and indirect speech
- •Unit II
- •Verbs as Complements
- •Unit 3 Infinitive / Gerund /Participle Participles as Adjectives
- •Unit1v Conditionals
- •If you don't post the parcel now, it (not to arrive) before Christmas.
- •If you don't stop teasing the dog, it (to bite) you.
- •Unit 5 Clauses of Concession
- •Task 1 Clauses of Concession
- •Keys Unit I Task 1
- •Task 2
- •Task 3
- •Task 4
- •Test №1
- •I. Complete the sentences.
- •II. Put in a/an, or the where necessary. If a, (an), the are not necessary leave an empty space (-).
- •III. Complete the following sentences with the correct form (comparative or superlative) of adjectives in the brackets.
- •IV. Finish these sentences.
- •V. Choose correct forms.
- •Test №2
- •I. Use the correct tense-form
- •II. Which is right? Chose correct forms.
- •III. Complete the sentences
- •Test №3
- •Pronouns
- •II. Circle the correct form of the pronoun or possessive adjective in the following sentences.
- •III. Choose the correct form of the pronoun in each of the following sentences.
- •IV Complete the sentences using will or going to.
- •Test №4
- •I. Complete the sentences using one of these verbs in the correct form: cause, damage, hold, include, invite, make, overtake, snow, translate, write.
- •II. Put the verb into the correct form Present Simple or Past Simple (Active or Passive).
- •III. Rewrite these sentences instead of using "somebody" or "they", write a passive sentence.
- •Test №5
- •Test №6
- •Infinitive. Complex object
- •Test №7
- •Составьте предложения, поставив слова в правильном порядке.
- •II. Задайте вопросы к выделенным словам. Например:
- •III. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму.
- •V. Напишите 3 формы неправильных глаголов.
- •VI. Закончите предложения, вставив предлог, где необходимо.
- •VII. Вставьте артикли, где необходимо.
- •VIII. В каждом предложении ошибка. Найдите и исправьте её.
- •Test №8
- •II.Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму и ответьте на вопросы о себе.
- •V. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в Present Perfect или Past Simple.
- •VI. Закончите диалог, поставьте глаголы в скобках в Present Perfect или Past Simple.
- •Test №9
- •I. Закончите предложения, поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму: Present Simple или Future Simple.
- •II. Составьте предложения, соотнесите строчку в колонке а со строчкой в колонке b.
- •Test №10
- •I. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •II. Закончите вопросы, поставив глаголы в скобках в Present Perfect Simple or Continuous.
- •III. Закончите предложения, поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму: Present Simple, Past Simple or Present Perfect.
- •IV. Поставьте данные предложения в косвенную речь.
- •V. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильной форме: Past Perfect или Past Simple.
- •VI. Закончите рассказ, вставив нужную по смыслу форму глагола.
- •Test №12 Complete the sentences choosing the correct answer
- •Test №13 Complete the sentences choosing the correct answer
- •Test №14 Complete the sentences choosing the correct answer
- •Test №15 Complete the sentences choosing the correct answer
- •Test №16 Complete the sentences choosing the correct answer
- •Keys Test №1
- •Test №2
- •Task 4
- •Test №8
- •Test №9
- •Test №10
- •Appendix 2
- •Prepositions of time
- •Verbs: uses and expressions
- •Phrasal verb "to come"
- •Phrasal verb "to go"
- •Phrasal verbs "to give"
- •Phrasal verb "to put"
- •Phrasal verb "to take"
Present Perfect Continuous
Образуется при помощи глагола to be в форме Present Perfect и Participle I основного глагола: have been doing.
Утвердительная форма + |
I (We/You/They) have been reading since morning |
He (She/It) has been reading since morning |
|
Вопросительная форма ? |
Have I (We/You/They) been reading since morning? |
Has he(she) been reading since morning? |
|
Отрицательная форма - |
I (We/You/They) have not been reading since morning |
He (She/It) has not been reading since morning |
1. Обозначает действие, начавшееся в прошлом, продолжавшееся по настоящий момент и все еще идущего. Обычно сопровождается предлогами: since, обозначающим отправную точку: I have been learning English since last summer и for, обозначающим период времени: I have been teaching for 10 years. В этом случае глагол в Present Perfect Continuous переводится на русский язык настоящим временем.
2. Обозначает действие в развитии, которое недавно или только что закончилось: The ground is wet. It has been raining. В этом случае глагол в Present Perfect Continuous переводится на русский язык глаголом в прошедшем времени несовершенного вида.
Present Perfect Simple and Continuous
1. Мы часто используем длительное время c вопросом How long?: How long have you been learning English?
Простое время часто используется с вопросами How much? How many?: How many pages have you read?
2. Используя длительное время, мы интересуемся самой деятельностью: My hands are very dirty. I’ve been repairing the car.
Используя простое время, мы интересуемся результатом: The car is OK again now. I’ve repaired it.
3. C глаголами live and work можно употреблять любое время: Tom has lived in London for a long time. Tom has been living in London for a long time.
4. Помните, что ряд глаголов не употребляется в длительных временах!
like love hate want need prefer know realize suppose mean understand believe recognize be remember belong contain consist depend seem find see hear smell taste feel have (принадлежность) |
Упражнение 7.
Постройте предложения в Present Perfect Continuous.
1. looking, you, I, been, for, have, 2 hours.
2. have, you, what, doing, been?
3. been, Linda, as a guide, has, for,3 month, working.
4. as a guide, how long, has working, Linda, been?
5. TV, all day, have, my children, watching.
6. you, here, been, how long, living, have?
7. shopping, we, all morning, going, have, been.
8. long, waiting, been, you, have?
Упражнение 8.
Выберите правильную форму глагола в Present Perfect Simple или в Present Perfect Continuous.
1. Why are so dirty? – I have been painted/have been painting the bathroom.
2. Look at my bathroom! I have just painted/have just been painting it.
3. We have played/have been playing four games.
4. We have played/have been playing basketball all day.
5. I have studied/have been studying items of the exam.
6. I have studied/have been studying seven items.
7. My friends have planted/have been planting trees for already two days.
8. They have already planted/have been planting thirty.
Упражнение 9.
Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужном времени Present Perfect Simple или Present Perfect Continuous.
1. I (cook) soup and pizza.
2. I (cook) for two hours.
3. How long she (study) German?
4. She (study) English and German. She speaks them fluently.
5. Ouch! I (break) the glass.
6. You (study) English long?
7. Stop it! You (talk) for an hour.
8. How long you (know) him?
9. My hands are very dirty. I (repair) the car.
10. The car is OK now. I (repair) it.
11. Somebody (smoke) all my cigarettes, the packet is empty.
12Mary is still writing letters. She (write) letters all day. She (write) 10 letters today.
13. Where you (be)? I (look) for you for the last half hour.
14. How long you (know) each other? – We just (get) acquainted.
15. What you (do), since we last met?
Упражнение 10.
К каждой ситуации напишите по два предложения (Present Perfect Simple / Present Perfect Continuous) .
E.g. Tom started reading a book two hours ago. He is still reading it and now he is on page 53. (read / for two hours) ...(read / 53 pages so far) ...
Tom has been reading for two hours. Tom has read 53 pages so far.
1. Linda is from Australia. She is traveling round Europe at the moment. She began her tour three months ago. (travel / for three months) … (visit / six countries so far) … 2. Jimmy is a tennis player. He began playing tennis when he was ten years old. This year he is the national champion again - for the fourth time. (win / the national championship four times) … (play / tennis since he was ten) … . 3. When they left college, Mary and Sue started making films together. They still make films. (make / ten films since they left college) … (make / films since they left college)
Упражнение 11.
Для каждой ситуации задайте вопросы, используя слова в скобках (Present Perfect Simple / Present Perfect Continuous) .
E.g. You have a friend who is learning Arabic. You ask: (how long/ learn / Arabic?).... How long have you been learning Arabic?
1. You have just arrived to meet a friend. She is waiting for you. You ask: (how long/wait?)
2. You see somebody fishing by the river. You ask: (how many fish / catch?)
3. Some friends of yours are having a party next week. You ask: (how many people / invite?)
4. A friend of yours is a teacher. You ask: (how long/ teach?)
5. You meet somebody who is a writer. You ask: (how many books / write?) (how long / write / books?)
6. A friend of yours is saving money to go on holiday. You ask: (how long/ save?) (how much money / save?)
Упражнение 12.
Поставьте глагол в подходящее время (Present Perfect Simple / Present Perfect Continuous).
Where have you been? … (you/play) tennis? 2. Look! Somebody … (break) that window. 3. You look tired. … (you/work) hard? 4. “… (you/ever/work) in a factory?” “No, never.” 5. “Jane is away on holiday.” “Oh, is she? Where … (she/go)?” 6. My brother is an actor. He … (appear) in several films.
7. “Sorry I'm late.” “That's all right. I … (not/wait) long.” 8. “Is it still raining?” “No, it … (stop).” 9. I … (lose) my address book. … (you/see) it anywhere? 10. I … (read) the book you lent me but I … (not/finish) it yet. 11. I … (read) the book you lent me, so you can have it back now.