Unit 7. Present Simple

Present Simple (настоящее простое время) используется для выражения:

1. привычки

E.g. I get up at 7 o’clock.

2. общеизвестного факта

E.g. Vegetarians don’t it meat.

3. факта, верного в течение долгого времени

E.g. She works in a bank.

Формы настоящего простого времени.

Утвердительная форма	Вопросительная форма	Отрицательная форма
I You ask every day We They	I Do you ask every day? we they	I You do not ask every day We (don’t) They
He She asks every day It	he Does she ask every day? it	He She does not ask every day It (doesn’t)

Утвердительная форма образуется с помощью инфинитива без частицы to для всех лиц и чисел, кроме третьего лица единственного числа: I live near hear.

Вопросительная форма образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола do: Where do I live?

Отрицательная форма образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола do и отрицательной частицы not: I don’t live near here.

В третьем лице единственного числа к инфинитиву и к вспомогательному глаголу добавляется окончание - s (-es): He speaks. Does he speak? He doesn’t speak.

Окончание читается как [s] после глухих согласных: works, asks

как [z] после звонких согласных и гласных: sounds, reads, tries

как [iz] – после s, ss, sh, ch, tch, x: dresses, watches.

Возможные указатели времени –– обстоятельства времени, такие как: always, usually, often, seldom, sometimes, every day и т.д.

Систему времен английского глагола можно найти в Приложении3. Таб.2

Упражнение 1.

Образуйте отрицательные и вопросительные формы следующих предложений. Например. He works hard. He doesn’t work hard. Does he work hard?

1. My sister gets up at 7 o’clock

2. They speak English well.

3. In the evening we gather in the living-room.

4. Usually I drink coffee.

5. You read newspapers in the evening

6. My uncle writes books.

7. We bake cakes at week-ends

8. Babies always sleep after dinner.

Упражнение 2.

Раскройте скобки. Напишите предложения, употребив необходимую форму Present Simple.

1. I (read) books in the evening.

2. I (not read) books in the morning.

3. He (help) his mother every day.

4. We (not go) to the country in winter.

5. You (play) chess well?

6. She (speak) English fluently?

7. My mother (work) at school. She (not want) to change her occupation.

8. When you (get) up? – Usually I (get) up at 7 and my brother (not get) up until 8

Упражнение 3.

Закончите предложения, вставляя один из данных в таблице глаголов.

cause(s) last(s) close(s) drink(s) live(s) leave(s) open(s) cure(s) speak(s) take(s) place bring(s)

1) Ann ... German very well. 2) I never ... coffee. 3) The swimming pool … at 9 o'clock and … at 18.30 every day. 4) Bad driving … many accidents. 5) My parents … in a very small flat. 6) The Olympic Games … every four years.7) My father and I … home at eight o’clock. 8) Time …all things. 9) Each season of the year … three months and … changes in the year.

Упражнение 4.

Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в настоящем простом времени.

1. Jane ... (not/drink) tea very often.

2. What time … (the banks/close) in Britain?

3. “Where … (Martin/come) from?” “He's Scottish.”

4. “What … (you/do)?” “I'm an electrical engineer.”

5. It … (take) me an hour to get to work. How long … (it/take) you?

6. I … (play) the piano but I … (not/play) very well.

7. I don't understand this sentence. What … (this word/mean)?

8. The next bus … (leave) at exactly two o’clock.

9. … (you/ever/sleep) past noon?

Упражнение 5.

Используйте данные в таблице глаголы, чтобы завершить предложения. Иногда необходимо использовать отрицательную форму.

believe eat flow go grow make rise tell translate

1. The sun ... round the earth. 2) Rice ... in Britain. 3) The sun … in the east. 4) Bees … honey. 5) Vegetarians… meat. 6) An atheist … in God. 7) An interpreter … from one language into another. 8) A liar is someone who … the truth. 9) The River Amazon … into the Atlantic Ocean.

Упражнение 6.

Задайте Лизе вопросы. Обратите внимание на образец.

E.g. You know that Liz plays tennis. You want to know how often. Ask her. –– How often do you play tennis?

1. You know that Liz reads newspaper. You want to know which one.

2. Perhaps Liz's sister plays tennis too. You want to know. Ask Liz.

3. You know that Liz gets up early. You want to know what time.

4. You know that Liz's brother works. You want to know what he does.

5. You know that Liz goes to the cinema a lot. You want to know how often. Ask her.

6. You don't know where Liz's mother lives. Ask Liz.

7. Perhaps Liz studies languages. You want to know. Ask her.