II.8. Ознакомьтесь с содержанием текста и выполните задания упражнения, следующего за ним. Text b Pharmaceutical education abroad

The history of pharmaceutical education has closely followed that of medical education. As the training of the physician underwent changes from the apprenticeship system to formal education courses, so did the training of the pharmacist. The first college of pharmacy was founded in the United States in 1821 and is now known as the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science. Other institutes and colleges were established soon after in the United States, Great Britain, an continental Europe. Colleges of Pharmacy as independent organizations or as schools of universities now operate in most developed countries of the world.

The course of instruction leading to a Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy extends at least five years. The first and frequently the second year of training, embracing general educational subjects, are often provided by schools of arts and sciences. Many institutions also offer graduate courses in pharmacy and cognate sciences leading to the degrees of Master of Science (M.Sc.) and Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in pharmacy, pharmacology, or related disciplines. These advanced courses are intended especially: for those who are preparing for careers in research, manufacturing, or teaching in the field of pharmacy.

Since the treatment of the sick with drugs encompasses a wide field of knowledge in the biological and physical sciences, an understanding of those sciences is necessary for adequate pharmaceutical training. The basic five-year curriculum in the colleges of pharmacy in the United States, for example, embraces physics, chemistry, bacteriology, physiology, pharmacology, pharmacognozy, and many other specialized courses. As the pharmacist is engaged in business, as well as a profession, special training is provided in merchandising, accounting, computer techniques, and pharmaceutical jurisprudence.

II.9. Прочтите следующие утверждения и вопросы и выберите правильный вариант (ответ).

1. The first College of Pharmacy was founded:

(A) in Europe

(B) in Great Britain

(C) in Russia

(D) in the USA

2. The course of training leading to a Bachelor of Pharmacy degree is

(A) six years

(B) five years

(C) at least five years

3. Graduate courses in pharmacy and related sciences are offered for those willing to obtain a (an):

(A) B.A. or B.Sc degrees

(B) MD or MS degrees

(C) M.Sc or Ph.D. degrees

4. Advanced courses in pharmacy and cognate sciences are intended for

(A) those who want to be registered as pharmacists

(B) those who want to do research

(C) those preparing for a definite career in the field of pharmacy

5. Adequate pharmaceutical training requires

(A) specialization in a definite field of pharmacy

(B) broad knowledge and understanding in the biological and physical sciences

(C) completion of a specialized course

6. Which of the courses are not provided in special training of pharmacists?

(A) accounting

(B) marketing

(C) community medicine

(D) computer techniques

(E) comprehensive health care

II.10. Ознакомьтесь с приведенными ниже информационными бюллетенями двух зарубежных университетов: Сиднейского университета (Австралия) и университета штата Северная Каролина (США) и ответьте на следующие вопросы.

1. Чем, по-вашему, различаются понятия School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy и Pharmacy Faculty?

2. В каком из университетов можно получить как первое, так и второе высшее образование? только второе высшее образование?