Word building Словопроизводство

Noun	Adjective
'cone 'cylinder 'diamond rect'angle 'sphere 'square 'triangle	'conical cy'lindrical 'diamond rec'tangular 'spherical 'square tri'angular

Speech Pattern

To be sure to … - непременно; обязательно (сделать что-то) You must be sure to read the instruction. – Обязательно прочитайте инструкцию. You must be sure to define more precisely the position of this buoy. – Непременно уточните местоположение этого буя.

Grammar:The Nominative Absolute Participle Construction – независимый причастный оборот.

Note: The Nominative Absolute Participle Construction very often occurs in technical, scientific, economical and political literature; sometimes in fiction. The use of this construction in colloquial English is rare.

1. Knowing this channel well, we were able to pass it at night. – Хорошо зная этот канал, мы смогли пройти его ночью.

2. The sun having risen (= After the sun had risen), they continued their way. – После того как солнце взошло, они продолжили свой путь.

3. Having lost speed the ship could not reach the port before dark. – Потеряв скорость, судно не могло достичь порта до темноты.

4. The sawn-goods were shipped by the m/v Minsk, part of the cargo being placed on deck. – Пиломатериалы отгружены на т/х «Минск», причем часть груза размещена на палубе.

5. The wool was placed in the warehouse, the cotton being loaded into holds. – Шерсть была помещена на склад, в то время как хлопок был загружен в трюм.

6. There being a severe storm at sea (= As there was a severe storm at sea), the ship could not leave the port. – Так как на море был сильный шторм, судно не могло выйти из порта.

7. The weather being fine, they started painting the hull. – Так как погода была хорошая, они начали красить корпус.

8. His duty completed, the pilot left the ship. – Так как его работа была закончена, лоцман покинул судно.

9. Weather permitting, we will start loading tomorrow. – Если погода позволит, мы начнем погрузку завтра.

• Translate the following sentences into Russian:

1. My watch having been finished, I went to bed.

2. It being very stormy, they dropped anchor in a sheltered place.

3. All this having being settled, they started discharging.

4. The preparations being completed, they began loading.

5. The Moon being bright, everything was clearly visible.

6. It was dark, the Sun having set an hour before.

7. The information having been delayed, the news reached us too long.

8. At last the excitement died down, the captain having assured the passengers, that there was no longer the slightest danger.

Exercises

I. Identify the shape of the following buoys:

II. Identify the meaning of the following topmarks:

III. Describe the following buoys and beacons:

IV. Complete the sentences with the suitable prepositions:

in, of, off, between, with, about, from, at, by.

1. A black spindle buoy is moored near the shallow reef, extending 1⅓ cables southward _ rocky ledges, one _ which dries 2,7 metres.

2. A pillar buoy, surmounted _ a staff, is moored _ 3 metres _ 2 miles southward _ the lighthouse.

3. A red spar buoy, surmounted _ a ball, is moored _ a depth _ 2½ metres.

4. A can buoy lies on the south-eastern side _ the shoals on the northern side _ the approach.

5. A red and black horizontally striped spherical buoy _ a diamond topmark is moored _ the western end of the shoal ground.

6. A rock _ a depth of 1,8 metres lies _ the north-western end _ P., and _ 3½ cables _ shore.

7. Two white beacons, the front one _ which is a stone tower, are situated _ a distance _ 10 miles _ the port.