Word building

Noun	Verb
fall flow race rise run set stream turn	to fall to flow to race to rise to run to set to stream to turn

Speech Patterns

to be about + Infinitive We were about to leave. – Мы собирались уходить.

Give your examples. You may use the verbs: to speak, to move, to change someone’s opinion, to help, to finish, to tell, to close.

Useful information. Remember it:

Neap tide - a tide of minimum range occurring at the first and the third quarters of the moon. Spring tide - a greater than usual tide occurring at each new moon and full moon.

EXERCISES

I. Translate the following:

1. 1. to attain a rate 2. to attain a strength 3. at springs (neaps) 4. tide gauges are situated at … 5. exceeded by 25 per cent 6. to achieve 6 knots 7. to affect the tidal stream 8. to vary rate of stream 9. to reach maximum rate.

2. 1. E-going stream is stronger, but of shorter duration. 2. Rates of streams are similar. 3. Streams are reciprocal in direction. 4. Details are given in the table on the chart. 5. The stream is in anti-clockwise direction. 6. Streams are nearly rectilinear. 7. Streams set close inshore. 8. Streams are more or less rotary. 9. Streams start to run N. 10. Tidal streams reach 6 kn. 11. Stream is deflected SW. 12. Rate of stream increases (decreases) with N winds.

II. Complete th sentenses with the suitable prepositions given below:

near, of, at, to, after, before, by, between, with, in, about

1. Tidal streams are weak … the shores.

2. It attains its maximum rate … 4 knots … neaps.

3. NE-going stream turns … SW … 6 hours …the LW …Aberdeen.

4. The flood appears to be influenced … the monsoon currents.

5. … Pearl Bank and Cap Island slack water usually occurs … low water.

6. It was reported that the tidal stream … the strait sets northward … the rising tide.

III. Translate the following sentences into Russian taking into consideration the meaning of both and both … and :

1. About 150 m within the entrance both the in-going and out-going streams run 1 kn at springs and ½ kn at neaps.

2. Both the rate and direction are affected by strong winds.

3. Both streams are mainly rectilinear following the general direction of the channel.

4. The spring rate in both directions is between 2½ and 3 kn.

5. There are eddies and tide-rips off Jane’s Creek, which is walled on both sides.

6. Spring rates in both directions are fairly strong.

7. When snow is melting and during heavy rain, both the direction and rate of the out-going stream will be increased, and the rate of the in-going stream correspondingly decreased.

8. The rate of the streams during both the rising tide and the falling tide is about 3 kn.

IV. Translate the sentences into Russian, taking into consideration the meaning of of and off:

1. Deep draught vessels may have to make use of the height of the tide in order to have a safe under keel clearance in areas where the depths are critical.

2. The rates of the tidal streams vary depending on the width of the channel.

2. There are eddies off the breakwater heads and variable directions of these eddies

may give rise to turbulence in the entrances.

4. The wind has a considerable effect on the strength and direction of the tidal stream.

5. Off the entrance to the B. the tidal streams are rotary anti-clockwise.

6. The timing and strength of the tidal streams may differ significally because of the

meteorological conditions.

5. Tidal streams run strongly off the anchorage, but there is no special difficulty in

entering the port.