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II. Reading

Read the text and be ready to find in the text the answers to the following questions:

  • What is the best online service?

  • What online services do you know?

Online Services

Many people ask which online is ‘best’, but the answer is there is no best. Rating of a particular service over another is entirely subjective. Price is important to some people, while the number of files available for download is important to others. Because of these and so many other different judgments, there can be no absolute. It all comes down to individual needs and preferences.

Still users tend to be loyal to their ‘home’ online service - which is usually the first online service they ever used. They tend to judge all other online services based on this first service - often preventing themselves from seeing the advantages of a specific service. There are many online services. Each offers one or more products or features that either do not exist elsewhere or are superior to the same features on other services.

So the real answer to the question is simple: the best online service is the service that has what you want and is easy for you to use. Keep an open mind when checking out an online service. Judge is based on what it offers and how it meets your needs - not in comparison to what you are used to using. It takes a couple of sessions to shake preconceived notions of what an online service ‘should’ be. Eventually, we are all going to be interlinked, no matter which service we use. Until then, most of us have to go to more than one service to find everything we need.

Data Transmission

An acoustic coupler converts the electrical signals from the computer into a coded sound signal which is picked up by the telephone microphone. It then works as a modem.

A modem can covert a digital bit stream into an analog signal over an analog communication channel (telephone circuit). It then converts incoming analog signals back into digital signals.

A cluster controller may control several terminals in one location, connecting each of them to a modem. This connection is made on a shared line basis.

A multiplexor receives multiple signals from various terminals and combines them in dataframes for transmission on a single high-speed line to the computer. In the computer the dataframes are then separated again.

A gateway interconnects two or more networks, enabling data transfers to be made. It may act as a translator between incompatible networks, protocols, or software.

Vocabulary Notes

rating ['reItIN] оцінка

subjective [sqb'GekIv] — суб’єктивний

judgment ['GAGmqnt] — судження

to come down — зводити(сь), доходити до

preferences ['prqfqrqnsIz]— вподобання

to tend to — схилятися, мати тенденцію

loyal ['lOIql] — вірний, відданий

to prevent [prI'vent] — запобігати

elsewhere ['els'wFq] — (десь) в іншому місті

superior to [sjH'pIqrIq] — перевершувати (щось)

in comparison to [kqm'pxrIsn] — порівняно з

preconceived ['prJkqn'sJvd] — складений заздалегідь

eventually [I'venCqlI] — в результаті, в кінцевому рахунку, зрештою

acoustic coupler [q'kHstIk 'kAplq] — акустичний з’єднувач

modem — модем

telephone circuit ['sWkIt] — телефонна мережа

cluster controller ['klAstq 'kqn'trqulq] — контролер кластера

multiplexor ['mAltI"plFksq] — мультиплексор (multiplexor, multiplexer, MUX) - прилад, який об’єднує кілька вузькосмугових (низькошвидкісних) комунікаційних каналів у широкосмуговий або високошвидкісний канал.

dataframe — широкосмуговий канал

gateway ['geItweI] — міжмережевий шлюз (програмно-апаратний засіб, який реалізує трансляцію одного мережного протоколу в інший, що дозволяє об'єднати мережі з різними протоколами, і завдяки чому між ними стає можливий обмін даними).

incompatible ["Inkqm'pxtqbl] — несумісний

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