8. Работа в парах. Обсудите, что нового Вы узнали об английском языке и его месте в современном мире в форме диалога.

UNIT 2. THE HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE

Словообразование – это один из наиболее продуктивных способов расширения и обогащения словарного состава. Выделяют три способа словообразования:

1) Словопроизводство – образование новых слов преимущественно путем прибавления к корню префиксов и суффиксов.

Английские префиксы, как правило, не меняют части речи.

Например:	to move – movement
	двигаться – движение
	to move – to remove
	двигать - передвигать

2) Словосложение – соединение двух и более корневых слов в одно составное слово.

Например:	respect + ability = respectability
	уважение + способность = почтенность, респектабельность

3) Конверсия - переход слова из одной части речи в другую, без изменения его формы.

Например:	to respect – уважать
	respect - уважение

1. Прочитайте однокоренные слова, определите части речи, подчеркните словообразующие суффиксы и запишите их в таблицу.

1. respect – respectful – respectfully – respectable – respecter – respective – respectively -

respecting;

2. occupy – occupancy – occupant – occupation – occupational - occupied

3. colony – colonial – colonialism – colonialist – colonization – colonist – colonize –

colonizer

4. estimate – estimated – estimation – estimative – estimator –estimable -estimably

5. inhabit - inhabitant – inhabitable – inhabitance – inhabitancy – inhabitation – inhabited -

inhabiter

7. add – addition – additional – additionally – addendum – adder

PARTS OF SPEECH	SUFFIXES
NOUNS
ADJECTIVES
VERBS
ADVERBS

2. Образуйте новые слова с помощью одного из префиксов re, over, in и переведите их на русский язык:

to estimate, definite, to tell, to move, dependant, direct, distinctive, to come.

3. Прочитайте пары предложений и определите, какой частью речи являются выделенные слова.

1. English becomes the chief means of communication between nations. It means that each language has its unique beauty and power.

2. The study of the English language becomes a branch of linguistics. Many people in different countries study English.

3. David Crystal has been conducting research in language studies since the early 1960s. He researches English as a Global Language.

4. Прочитайте текст.

TEXT

FROM THE HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE

Genetically, English belongs to the Germanic or Teutonic group of languages, which is one of the twelve groups of the Indo-European (IE) linguistic family. Most of the area of Europe and large parts of other continents are occupied today by the IE languages, Germanic being one of their major groups.

The Germanic languages in the world are as follows:

English - in Great Britain, Ireland, the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the South African Republic, and many other former British colonies and dominions; German - in Germany, Austria, Luxem­burg, Liechtenstein, part of Switzerland; Ne­therlandish - the Netherlands and Flanders (Belgium) (known also as Dutch and Flemish respectively); Afrikaans - in the South African Republic; Danish - in Denmark; Swedish - in Sweden and Finland; Norwegian - in Norway; Icelandic - in Iceland; Frisian - in some regions of the Netherlands and Germany, Faeroese - in the Faeroe Islands.

It is difficult to estimate the number of people speaking Germanic languages, especially on account of English, which in many countries is one of two languages in a bilingual community, e.g. in Canada. The estimates for English range from 250 to 300 million people who have it as their mother tongue. The total number of people speaking Germanic languages approaches 440 million. To this rough estimate and indefinite number of bilingual people in over 50 countries where English is used as an official language could be added.

From the British Isles English spread all over the world, but English has not always been the language of the inhabitants of those islands. When the Romans colonized England in the 1^st century of our era, the country was inhabited by Celtic tribes, and until the 5^th century only Celtic languages were spoken by the people of Britain.