- •Recovered Paper and Recycled Fibers
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •2006, Isbn 3-527-30997-7
- •Volume 1
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •4.1 Introduction 109
- •4.2.5.1 Introduction 185
- •4.3.1 Introduction 392
- •5.1 Introduction 511
- •6.1 Introduction 561
- •6.2.1 Introduction 563
- •6.4.1 Introduction 579
- •Volume 2
- •7.3.1 Introduction 628
- •7.4.1 Introduction 734
- •7.5.1 Introduction 777
- •7.6.1 Introduction 849
- •7.10.1 Introduction 887
- •8.1 Introduction 933
- •1 Introduction 1071
- •5 Processing of Mechanical Pulp and Reject Handling: Screening and
- •1 Introduction 1149
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •150.000 Annual Fiber Flow[kt]
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Void volume
- •Void volume fraction
- •Xylan and Fiber Morphology
- •Initial bulk residual
- •4.2.5.1 Introduction
- •In (Ai) Model concept Reference
- •Initial value
- •Validation and Application of the Kinetic Model
- •Inititial
- •Viscosity
- •Influence on Bleachability
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Introduction
- •International
- •Impregnation
- •Influence of Substituents on the Rate of Hydrolysis
- •140 116 Total so2
- •Xylonic
- •Viscosity Brightness
- •Xyl Man Glu Ara Furf hoAc XyLa
- •Initial NaOh charge [% of total charge]:
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •In 1950, about 50% of the global paper production was produced. This proportion
- •4.0% Worldwide; 4.2% for the cepi countries; and 4.8% for Germany.
- •1150 1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •Virgin fibers
- •74.4 % Mixed grades
- •Indonesia
- •Virgin fibers
- •Inhomogeneous sample Homogeneous sample
- •Variance of sampling Variance of measurement
- •1.Quartile
- •3.Quartile
- •Insoluble
- •Insoluble
- •Insoluble
- •Integral
- •In Newtonion liquid
- •Velocity
- •Increasing dp
- •2Α filter
- •0 Reaction time
- •Increasing interaction of probe and cellulose
- •Increasing hydrodynamic size
- •Vessel cell of beech
- •Initial elastic range
- •Internal flow
- •Intact structure
- •Viscosity 457
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •1292 Index
- •Visbatch® pulp 354
- •Index 1293
- •1294 Index
- •Impregnation 153
- •Viscosity–extinction 433
- •Index 1295
- •1296 Index
- •Index 1297
- •Inhibitor 789
- •1298 Index
- •Index 1299
- •Impregnation liquor 290–293
- •1300 Index
- •Industries
- •Index 1301
- •1302 Index
- •Index 1303
- •Xylose 463
- •1304 Index
- •Index 1305
- •1306 Index
- •Index 1307
- •1308 Index
- •In conventional kraft cooking 232
- •Visbatch® pulp 358
- •Index 1309
- •In prehydrolysis-kraft process 351
- •Visbatch® cook 349–350
- •1310 Index
- •Index 1311
- •1312 Index
- •Viscosity 456
- •Index 1313
- •Viscosity 459
- •Interactions 327
- •1314 Index
- •Index 1315
- •Viscosity 459
- •1316 Index
- •Index 1317
- •Xylose 461
- •Index 1319
- •Visbatch® pulp 355
- •Impregnation 151–158
- •1320 Index
- •Index 1321
- •1322 Index
- •Xylan water prehydrolysis 333
- •Index 1323
- •1324 Index
- •Viscosity 459
- •Index 1325
- •Xylose 940
- •1326 Index
- •Index 1327
- •In selected kinetics model 228–229
- •4OMeGlcA 940
- •1328 Index
- •Index 1329
- •Intermediate molecule 164–165
- •1330 Index
- •Viscosity 456
- •Index 1331
- •1332 Index
- •Impregnation liquor 290–293
- •Index 1333
- •1334 Index
- •Index 1335
- •1336 Index
- •Impregnation 153
- •Index 1337
- •1338 Index
- •Viscose process 7
- •Index 1339
- •Volumetric reject ratio 590
- •1340 Index
- •Index 1341
- •1342 Index
- •Index 1343
- •1344 Index
- •Index 1345
- •Initiator 788
- •Xylose 463
- •1346 Index
- •Index 1347
- •Vessel 385
- •Index 1349
- •1350 Index
- •Xylan 834
- •1352 Index
Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
XXIV Preface
and technology of both kraft and sulfite pulping, the mass transfer of cooking
liquor into wood structure and chemical kinetics in alkaline pulping operations.
The current technologies of dissolving pulp manufacture are also reviewed, covering
both multi-stage alkaline and acid sulfite pulping. Considerable effort was
devoted in the subsequent chapters to present the fundamentals of pulp washing,
screening, cleaning, and fractionation. These important mechanical pulping
operations are followed by a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art bleaching
chemistry and technology. High-purity pulps are important raw materials for
the production of high added-value cellulose products, and the necessary purification
processes are introduced in a separate chapter. A short overview on chemical
recovery processes and pulp properties concludes Part I.
Parts II and III provide a survey of the latest technologies on mechanical pulp
and recovered paper and recycled fibers.
Finally, Part IV deals with the analytical characterization of pulps. Since the
wood and pulp components are closely associated within the cell wall, the analytical
characterization covers not only molecular but also supramolecular structures.
A project such as this could never have succeeded without input from contributors
of the very highest standard. I would like to express my sincere appreciation to the
contributors, for the high quality of their work and for their enthusiasm and commitment.
Individual sections of the manuscripts have been reviewed in detail by several
friends and colleagues, and in this respect the suggestions and critical comments
of Josef Bauch of the University of Hamburg, Germany (Part I, Chapter 2), Hans-
Georg Richter of the BFH, Germany (Part I, Chapter 2), Rudolf Patt of the University
of Hamburg, Germany (Part I, Chapters 3, 4 and 7), Othar Kordsachia of the
BFH, Germany (Part I, Chapters 4, 7, 8 and 11), Richard Berry of Paprican, Point
Claire, Canada (chlorine dioxide bleaching peracetic acid in pulp bleaching, hot
acid hydrolysis and Chapter 10 in Part I, hydrogen peroxide bleaching in Part I
and II), Chen-Loung Chen and Michail Yu. Balakshin of NC State University,
USA (chemistry of kraft and sulfite pulping), John F. Kadla of the University of
British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (chemistry of oxygen-, ozone and hydrogen
peroxide bleaching), Adriaan R.P. van Heiningen of the University of Maine, USA
(oxygen delignification, ozone bleaching), James A. Olson of the University of
British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Part I, chapter 6), Andrea Borgards, R&D
Lenzing AG, Austria (Part I, Chapter 8), Hans Gr-stlinger of Lenzing Technik,
Austria (bleaching technology), Wojciech Juljanski of Lenzing Technik, Austria
(pulping technology) and Mikael Lucander, Ilkka Nurminen and Christoffer Westin
of the Oy Keskuslaboratorio, Espoo, Finland (Part II, Mechanical Pulping) are
gratefully acknowledged. Moreover, I am very indebted to Alois Ecker of Lenzing
Technik for his valuable support for the mathematical computations of kraft cooking
and oxygen delignification kinetics. I also owe sincere thanks to the management
of Lenzing AG for the assistance granted to me by their library services.
XXV
In addition to my gratitude to all of these people, I also thank my family for
their great patience, understanding, and inspiring support.
Last, but not least, I would like to thank the publishers for the attractive presentation
of this book, and the personnel at Wiley-VCH for their cooperation and skilful
editorial work.
Lenzing, H. Sixta
December 2005
Handbook of Pulp. Edited by Herbert Sixta
Copyright © 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim