- •Recovered Paper and Recycled Fibers
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •2006, Isbn 3-527-30997-7
- •Volume 1
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •4.1 Introduction 109
- •4.2.5.1 Introduction 185
- •4.3.1 Introduction 392
- •5.1 Introduction 511
- •6.1 Introduction 561
- •6.2.1 Introduction 563
- •6.4.1 Introduction 579
- •Volume 2
- •7.3.1 Introduction 628
- •7.4.1 Introduction 734
- •7.5.1 Introduction 777
- •7.6.1 Introduction 849
- •7.10.1 Introduction 887
- •8.1 Introduction 933
- •1 Introduction 1071
- •5 Processing of Mechanical Pulp and Reject Handling: Screening and
- •1 Introduction 1149
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •150.000 Annual Fiber Flow[kt]
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Void volume
- •Void volume fraction
- •Xylan and Fiber Morphology
- •Initial bulk residual
- •4.2.5.1 Introduction
- •In (Ai) Model concept Reference
- •Initial value
- •Validation and Application of the Kinetic Model
- •Inititial
- •Viscosity
- •Influence on Bleachability
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Introduction
- •International
- •Impregnation
- •Influence of Substituents on the Rate of Hydrolysis
- •140 116 Total so2
- •Xylonic
- •Viscosity Brightness
- •Xyl Man Glu Ara Furf hoAc XyLa
- •Initial NaOh charge [% of total charge]:
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •In 1950, about 50% of the global paper production was produced. This proportion
- •4.0% Worldwide; 4.2% for the cepi countries; and 4.8% for Germany.
- •1150 1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •Virgin fibers
- •74.4 % Mixed grades
- •Indonesia
- •Virgin fibers
- •Inhomogeneous sample Homogeneous sample
- •Variance of sampling Variance of measurement
- •1.Quartile
- •3.Quartile
- •Insoluble
- •Insoluble
- •Insoluble
- •Integral
- •In Newtonion liquid
- •Velocity
- •Increasing dp
- •2Α filter
- •0 Reaction time
- •Increasing interaction of probe and cellulose
- •Increasing hydrodynamic size
- •Vessel cell of beech
- •Initial elastic range
- •Internal flow
- •Intact structure
- •Viscosity 457
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •1292 Index
- •Visbatch® pulp 354
- •Index 1293
- •1294 Index
- •Impregnation 153
- •Viscosity–extinction 433
- •Index 1295
- •1296 Index
- •Index 1297
- •Inhibitor 789
- •1298 Index
- •Index 1299
- •Impregnation liquor 290–293
- •1300 Index
- •Industries
- •Index 1301
- •1302 Index
- •Index 1303
- •Xylose 463
- •1304 Index
- •Index 1305
- •1306 Index
- •Index 1307
- •1308 Index
- •In conventional kraft cooking 232
- •Visbatch® pulp 358
- •Index 1309
- •In prehydrolysis-kraft process 351
- •Visbatch® cook 349–350
- •1310 Index
- •Index 1311
- •1312 Index
- •Viscosity 456
- •Index 1313
- •Viscosity 459
- •Interactions 327
- •1314 Index
- •Index 1315
- •Viscosity 459
- •1316 Index
- •Index 1317
- •Xylose 461
- •Index 1319
- •Visbatch® pulp 355
- •Impregnation 151–158
- •1320 Index
- •Index 1321
- •1322 Index
- •Xylan water prehydrolysis 333
- •Index 1323
- •1324 Index
- •Viscosity 459
- •Index 1325
- •Xylose 940
- •1326 Index
- •Index 1327
- •In selected kinetics model 228–229
- •4OMeGlcA 940
- •1328 Index
- •Index 1329
- •Intermediate molecule 164–165
- •1330 Index
- •Viscosity 456
- •Index 1331
- •1332 Index
- •Impregnation liquor 290–293
- •Index 1333
- •1334 Index
- •Index 1335
- •1336 Index
- •Impregnation 153
- •Index 1337
- •1338 Index
- •Viscose process 7
- •Index 1339
- •Volumetric reject ratio 590
- •1340 Index
- •Index 1341
- •1342 Index
- •Index 1343
- •1344 Index
- •Index 1345
- •Initiator 788
- •Xylose 463
- •1346 Index
- •Index 1347
- •Vessel 385
- •Index 1349
- •1350 Index
- •Xylan 834
- •1352 Index
Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
List of Contributors
Jurgen Blechschmidt
Wachbergstrasse 31
01326 Dresden
Germany
Erich Gruber
TU-Darmstadt
Makromolekulare Chemie
Nachwachsender Rohstoffe
64283 Darmstadt
Germany
Sabine Heinemann
KCL Science and Consulting
Pulp and Paper
P.O. Box 70
Espoo
Finland
Gerald Koch
Federal Research Centre for Forestry
and Forest Products
Institute for Wood Biology and Wood
Protection
Leuschnerstrasse 91
21031 Hamburg
Germany
Andreas W. Krotscheck
Lenzing Technik GmbH
Pulp Technology Division
4680 Lenzing
Austria
Antje Potthast
University of Natural Resources and
Applied Life Sciences Vienna
Department of Chemistry and
Christian-Doppler-Laboratory
Muthgasse 18
1190 Vienna
Austria
Hans-Joachim Putz
Paper Technology and Mechanical
Process Engineering
Darmstadt University of Technology
Alexanderstrasse 8
64283 Darmstadt
Germany
Jorg B. Ressel
Department of Wood Science
University of Hamburg
Leuschnerstrasse 91
21031 Hamburg
Germany
Manfred Schwanninger
BOKU
University of Natural Resources and
Applied Life Sciences
Vienna Department of Chemistry
Division of Biochemistry
Muthgasse 18
1190 Vienna
Austria
XXVII
Handbook of Pulp. Edited by Herbert Sixta
Copyright © 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
Herbert Sixta
Lenzing AG
Business Unit Pulp
Werkstra.e 1
4860 Lenzing
Austria
Hans-Ulrich Suss
Degussa AG
Global Competence Center
Active Oxygen Products
O2-AO-AT, 913-120
Rodenbacher Chaussee 4
63594 Hanau
Germany
XXVIII List of Contributors
List of Abbreviations
4OMeGlcA 4-O-methyl-bd-glucuronic acid-(1→2)-xylose)
AAS atomic absorption spectroscopy
AEC anion-exchange chromatography
AF&PA American Forest & Paper Association
AFM atomic force microscopy
AHG anhydroglucose
AMT accepted modern technology
AOX adsorbable organic halogen
ASAM alkaline sulfite with anthraquinone and methanol
B.I.R. Bureau International de la Recuperation
BAT best available technology
BLG black liquor gasification
BLGCC black liquor gasification with combined cycle
BLPS black liquor dissolved polysaccharides
CCE cold caustic extraction
CCOA carbazole-9-carboxylic acid [2-(2-aminooxy-ethoxy)-ethoxy]-amide
CDE cupri-ethylene-diamine-solution
CE causticizing efficiency
CEPI Confederation of European Paper Industries
CGW chemigroundwood
CI crystallinity index
CMP chemimechanical pulp
COD chemical oxygen demand
CRMP chemi-refiner mechanical pulp
CTC charge transfer complex
CTMP chemi-thermomechanical pulp,
CTO crude tall oil
CZE capillary zone electrophoresis
DAE differential algebraic equation
DD drum displacer
DDA dynamic drainage analyzer
DDJ dynamic drainage jar
List of Abbreviations XXIX
DIP deinked pulp
DP degree of polymerization
DSC differential scanning calorimetry
DTPA diethylene triamino penta-acetate
EAPC enhanced alkali profile cooking
ECCSA effective capillary cross-sectional area
ECF elemental chlorine-free
EDR equivalent displacement ratio
EDXA energy dispersive X-ray analysis
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
ERPA European Recovered Paper Association
ERPC European Recovered Paper Council
ESCA electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis
ESR electron spin resonance
EUGROPA European Paper Merchants Association
FBSKP fully bleached softwood kraft pulp
FEAD European Federation of Waste Management and Environmental
Services
FEFCO European Federation of Corrugated Board Manufacturers
FE-SEM field emission-SEM
FSP fiber saturation point
FTIR Fourier transmission infra-red
GPC gel-permeation chromatography
GSA General Services Administration
HCE hot caustic extraction
HEDP hydroxy ethylene 1,1-diphosphonic acid
HHV higher heating value
HP-AEC high-performance anion-exchange chromatography
HVLC high-volume low-concentration
INTERGRAF International Confederation of Printing and Allied Industries
IPPC Integrated Pollution and Prevention Control
ISEC inverse size-exclusion chromatography
I-TEQ International Toxicity Equivalent
LCC lignin–carbohydrate complex
LMS laccase-mediator-system
LODP level-off DP
LVHC low-volume high-concentration
LWC lightweight coated
MCC modified cooking circulation
MFA microfibril angle
MHW Ministry of Health and Welfare
MITI Ministry of International Trade and Industry
MOW mixed office waste
MSW municipal solid waste
XXX List of Abbreviations
MWD molecular weight distribution
NCG noncondensable gases
NHV net heating value
NHWA National Household Recovery Analysis
NMR nuclear magnetic resonance
NPEs non-process elements
NSSC neutral sulfite semi-chemical
ODE ordinary differential equation
OXE oxidation equivalent
PAD pulsed amperometric detection
PCDD polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins
PCDF polychlorinated dibenzofurans
PDI polydispersity index
PGW pressure groundwood
PHK prehydrolysis kraft pulp
PRMP pressurized refiner mechanical pulp
PSA pressure swing adsorption
RAC Recycling Advisory Council
RDH rapid displacement heating
RLLC residual lignin–carbohydrate complex
RMP refiner mechanical pulp
RTS retention time, temperature, speed
SAXS small-angle X-ray scattering
SC supercalendered
SEM scanning electron microscopy
SET single electron transfer
SGW stone groundwood
SRV solvent retention value
SSL spent sulfite liquor
TCF totally chlorine free
TEM transmission electron microscopy
TEQ toxic equivalency quantity
TGW thermo groundwood
TMP thermomechanical pulp
TOC total organic carbon
ToF-SIMS time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy
TRS total reduced sulfur
TSS total suspended solids
TTA total titrable alkali
UCC upper cooking circulation
UMSP scanning UV microspectrophotometry
VOC volatile organic compounds
VSA vacuum swing adsorption
WAXS wide-angle X-ray scattering
List of Abbreviations XXXI
WRV water retention value
XFS X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy
XPS X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
XXXII List of Abbreviations
1
Part I
Chemical Pulping
Handbook of Pulp. Edited by Herbert Sixta
Copyright © 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim