- •Recovered Paper and Recycled Fibers
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •2006, Isbn 3-527-30997-7
- •Volume 1
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •4.1 Introduction 109
- •4.2.5.1 Introduction 185
- •4.3.1 Introduction 392
- •5.1 Introduction 511
- •6.1 Introduction 561
- •6.2.1 Introduction 563
- •6.4.1 Introduction 579
- •Volume 2
- •7.3.1 Introduction 628
- •7.4.1 Introduction 734
- •7.5.1 Introduction 777
- •7.6.1 Introduction 849
- •7.10.1 Introduction 887
- •8.1 Introduction 933
- •1 Introduction 1071
- •5 Processing of Mechanical Pulp and Reject Handling: Screening and
- •1 Introduction 1149
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •150.000 Annual Fiber Flow[kt]
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Void volume
- •Void volume fraction
- •Xylan and Fiber Morphology
- •Initial bulk residual
- •4.2.5.1 Introduction
- •In (Ai) Model concept Reference
- •Initial value
- •Validation and Application of the Kinetic Model
- •Inititial
- •Viscosity
- •Influence on Bleachability
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Introduction
- •International
- •Impregnation
- •Influence of Substituents on the Rate of Hydrolysis
- •140 116 Total so2
- •Xylonic
- •Viscosity Brightness
- •Xyl Man Glu Ara Furf hoAc XyLa
- •Initial NaOh charge [% of total charge]:
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •In 1950, about 50% of the global paper production was produced. This proportion
- •4.0% Worldwide; 4.2% for the cepi countries; and 4.8% for Germany.
- •1150 1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •Virgin fibers
- •74.4 % Mixed grades
- •Indonesia
- •Virgin fibers
- •Inhomogeneous sample Homogeneous sample
- •Variance of sampling Variance of measurement
- •1.Quartile
- •3.Quartile
- •Insoluble
- •Insoluble
- •Insoluble
- •Integral
- •In Newtonion liquid
- •Velocity
- •Increasing dp
- •2Α filter
- •0 Reaction time
- •Increasing interaction of probe and cellulose
- •Increasing hydrodynamic size
- •Vessel cell of beech
- •Initial elastic range
- •Internal flow
- •Intact structure
- •Viscosity 457
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •1292 Index
- •Visbatch® pulp 354
- •Index 1293
- •1294 Index
- •Impregnation 153
- •Viscosity–extinction 433
- •Index 1295
- •1296 Index
- •Index 1297
- •Inhibitor 789
- •1298 Index
- •Index 1299
- •Impregnation liquor 290–293
- •1300 Index
- •Industries
- •Index 1301
- •1302 Index
- •Index 1303
- •Xylose 463
- •1304 Index
- •Index 1305
- •1306 Index
- •Index 1307
- •1308 Index
- •In conventional kraft cooking 232
- •Visbatch® pulp 358
- •Index 1309
- •In prehydrolysis-kraft process 351
- •Visbatch® cook 349–350
- •1310 Index
- •Index 1311
- •1312 Index
- •Viscosity 456
- •Index 1313
- •Viscosity 459
- •Interactions 327
- •1314 Index
- •Index 1315
- •Viscosity 459
- •1316 Index
- •Index 1317
- •Xylose 461
- •Index 1319
- •Visbatch® pulp 355
- •Impregnation 151–158
- •1320 Index
- •Index 1321
- •1322 Index
- •Xylan water prehydrolysis 333
- •Index 1323
- •1324 Index
- •Viscosity 459
- •Index 1325
- •Xylose 940
- •1326 Index
- •Index 1327
- •In selected kinetics model 228–229
- •4OMeGlcA 940
- •1328 Index
- •Index 1329
- •Intermediate molecule 164–165
- •1330 Index
- •Viscosity 456
- •Index 1331
- •1332 Index
- •Impregnation liquor 290–293
- •Index 1333
- •1334 Index
- •Index 1335
- •1336 Index
- •Impregnation 153
- •Index 1337
- •1338 Index
- •Viscose process 7
- •Index 1339
- •Volumetric reject ratio 590
- •1340 Index
- •Index 1341
- •1342 Index
- •Index 1343
- •1344 Index
- •Index 1345
- •Initiator 788
- •Xylose 463
- •1346 Index
- •Index 1347
- •Vessel 385
- •Index 1349
- •1350 Index
- •Xylan 834
- •1352 Index
Insoluble
soluble
Insoluble
beta
cellulose
gamma
cellulose
soluble
Insoluble
alpha
cellulose
S 18 R 18
carbohydrate
content
carbohydrate
content
treatment by
NaOH 17,5 %
treatment by
NaOH 18 %
neutralization
by acetic acid
oxidation of
carbohydrates
by K2Cr2O4
1___ ___ ____ ___ __ _ _____ ___ ______________ __ _____ ______ __
_____
__" __, -_" 2____
: _______ _______ _ ____'__ __ _____ ___ ___ ___ _______ _____ _________
__ @E? :_C% __ _____ ____ ______ __ ______ $@E_ ___ __ __ __________ __ ___
)C ____ _ /<61_ ___ _____ _____ ____ _ _ _________ _,__ _ ______ _)@E_ __
__ _________&__ /<=1_ K _ _ ___ _ _____ _____ __ _ __! _ _________ _______
____'__ __ ___ $@E_ _____ _ _ _____ _ ____ @E? :_C% ____ ___ _______'
____ ___ _______ ____ @=_<? :_C%_
___3 _ ________ ____ __________
___ __________ __ ____________ ____
___
_ _ ____ _ _ % _.____!___,__
_ __________ _ ____ _____ _____ _____ _ __ __ ______ % ______ _______
__ ___ _ _____ __ __ _ _____ __ _____ ____ ___ ________ ____ ___ ___'
___ _ _ _ ______ _ _____ _____ ___ ___ _______ __ ____ _ _ _ _____ _______
__ __ __ _______ _ _ ___ _______ _ _ __________ ____ ____ __ ___
K _ ________ ___ _ __________ ___ ____ _&__ _____ ______ ___ _ __ __&___
______ _ _ _ __________ ____ ___ __________ ______ ___________ _ ________'
______ _____ __ ___ ______ ____ ___ ___ ____ _____ __ ____ _ _ __ _
___ ___ ____ _____ ______ _____ _ _____ __ ____ ___ ___ __ _______ _ ___'
_____ ___ __" ___ _ _____ _______ ____ K___ *_0__
_____
__________ _ _ _ _ ____!___,__ _____ 4.,_ _.___
_______ 5__ _!_ __ ____!.
_ ____ _ ____&_ _____ _ ____ ____ ___ __ ___ _______ ___ __ ____
____ __ _ ____&__ __ ________&___ _ ____ ____ __ __ __ ____ ____ _______
____ ___ _ ______ ___ _ __ __ _ ____ _ __ _ _____ ___ ______ ____ ___'
________ _ ____ __ ________ _ ___ _ _ __ ___ ___________ __B)_ _______
_ ___ _____ _ _______ ___ ____ __ __ _ _ _ _________ __ __ _____ ___
____ _____ __ __ _ ____ __________ _ _A ___ _'_ ____ __ __ _____ __ __ ____'
_ __ __ _____ _ _ ___ _____D ____ ____ _ ___ _ _____ _ _ _ __ ___,_ __ ___
___ __ ___ _____ (_ _"____ _ ___ _ __ _ _____ ____ ___________ ___________
_ __ __ __ __ __ __ K___ *_+_
O
H
TMSO
H
TMSO
H
OTMS
OTMS
H
H
OTMS
O
H
TMSO
H
TMSO
H
H
OTMS
H
OTMS
OTMS
OTMS
H
H
H OTMS
OTMS H
O
H
TMSO
TMSO
H
OTMS
H
H OTMS
OTMS H
O
H
TMSO
TMSO
Si
CH3
CH3
TMS = CH3
1___ ___ ___ _____ _________ _ ___ ___________
_ ________ ____ __________
( ______'______ ____ __ _ ____________ ___________ _ ______ _ _______ ___
____ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ ________ ___ __ ___________ _ _ _ _ _____ __ _ ___
________ ____ ____ ____ _________ _K___ *_*__ -____ ____ ____ __ ___ _____
_____ __ _ _____ __ ____
O
H
HO
H
HO
H
OH
H OH
H
OH
CH2OH
H OH
HO H
H OH
H OH
CH2OH
CH2OAc
H OAc
AcO H
H OAc
OAc
CH2OAc
BH3 Ac2O
CH3
O
Ac =
1___ ___ ___ ____ _ ___ __ ___ _ _ __ ___ ______ _______ ___ __ ___
)__ _______ ___ ______ _ ___ __ ________ _ _____ _______ __ _____ ___
__ ___ _____ _ ____ ____ _________ ____ ____ _________ ___,_ _ _ __ ___
"_ ___ ____ ___ ______ ___ ___ ____ __ /<E1_ ( _______ ___ __ ___ _____
__ __ __ ________ ____ _ ____ _ __&___ _ _____ _ ___ _ _____ _ _________ ___,
_____ _ ___ __ ___ _____
_______ 6!__/__.__ _!_ __ ____!.
___ ______ "_ ___ ______ ___ ____ ___ __ ___ ___ ____ __ ___ __ _________
_________ _____ ____'____ __ ___ ______ /<>1_ __ _______ ____ __ __ ____ __ _
_____ ____ ______ ____ _____ __ ___ _ ___ ____ ____ ___ ___ _______ ______
___ ____ ______ __ ________ ____ ______ ________ ___ __________ _____ _____ '
__ _ ______
_______ __7_, _!_ __ ____!.
____ ___ __ ___ ______ ________ _ ____ __ ____ _ _____ __ _____ __ '
___ ______ ________ _ ___ ___ (_ _ _ ___ _ __ __ ______ _ __ ______ ___ __'
___ ____ _ __ __________ _______ ___ __ ___ ______ _ _ _____ ________ ___
_ _ ____ ______ __ ____ _____ ____ ____ ___ _____'_ ___ __ _____D _____
___ _____ __ ___ ______ ___ ____ __ __,__ ____ _ _______ ___ _____
________ B___________ _ __ ____ __ ___ ___ _____ ___ ______ __ _____
_ _______ _____ _ ___ __ _ ______ _____ _ _ -.'__ _ ______
____
___ __________ __ ____________
_____
__________ _ _ %___ ____ _____ 4.,_ _.___
____ ____ ___ __ __________ __ ____ _&___ _ __________ _ ___ ____ ____
-____ ___ __ ____ _____ ___ ____ ___ _ __ ________ ____ __" ___ __ __
______ ____ _ ____ "______'_______ _K___ *_0__
Hexose _ O
HO CHO
Hydroxymethyl furfural
Pentose _ O CHO
Furfural
1___ ___ _________ ______ _ ___ ___ ____ ___ __ ____ ___ _________
K______ __ __ ____ __ _ ___ _____ _ __"____ __ ________ __ _ _____ ____ __'
_ '_____ _ _____ _ _____ _ _____ ___ ___" ____ __ _ ___ ___ __ _ __'
_____ __ _ _________ _ 6*5 __ /651_ _ ______ _ _ ____ _________&__ ____ __
____ _______ _____ __ ____ ____ ___ ____ __ _________ ____ ___ ______ ______
_ ___ __ _ _____ ___________ _ _ ____ __'_____ _______ /6@1_
_____
__________ _ _ 8_ ___ *__,_ _____ 4.,_ _.___
__ ___________ _ ______ __ __ __________ _____ _ _ __ ___ _______ ____
____ _ ____ ________ _ ____ __,__ ____ _ _'_"_____ _______ _ ____
_ __ ___ _ ___ __ ____ _____ _ ____ _________ _ _____ ___ _____ ___ _____
________ _______ ___ ____ _______ ____ __ _____ _ ___ _ ______ ___ ____ _
__ __ ___ _ __ ____ (____ _____ ___ _"_____ _____ ________ __ _____ _ _'
__ _ ________ _ __ _ ______ ________ __ ______ ___ ___ ___ ____ ___ _____
_____ ___ ___ ________ G________ ___ ________ ______ __ ___ ___ ____
_____ ____ __ ________ _____ ______ ___ ____ ___ _ ____ ___ _______ _____
_ _________ ____ __ ___ _________ ____ _ _ _ _ __ ___ ______ ________
____ ____ _ _ __&_'_"___ _ __ ___ ______ ____ K___ *_+5__ ___ _______ __ __ ___
__________ ______ _ ___ _____ ___ ___ ____ __ _____
-_ __ ____ ___ __ _______ _____ _ _ __ ___ _______ _____ __ ___ ___'
____ _ ____ __ _____ ______ _ __ ____ __ _______ (___________ ___ ______
___ __ ___________ _ _____ _B) ___________ ___ ____&__ _____ ___ __ ___ ___'
____
K _ _____ __ ___ _______ _'_________'%3 __ ____ __ _ ________ _______ ____
____ ____ ___ __ ___ ______
_ ___ ____ ____ __ __ ____ ____ __ ______ __ _ H________I_ _____ ________
_________ ___ __ ________&__ __ __ ____ "_____ _ _ ___ _____ _____ ______
K _ ___ ____________ _ _ ___ _______ _________ _ ____ __ ____ ____ __ __
____ ______ ____ _ __ ____&__ _____ ____ __ ___ ___ __ ____&_ _ __ __
____ _ ___ _____ _____ ,__ ___ __ ___ _ ___ __ _____A(_____ ___ 2,_______
____
_ ________ ____ __________
________ _K___ *_<__ _____ __ ____ ___ _____ _ __ __ '__"__ __ ____ ___
__ ______ ___ _____ ___ ___ ___ __ _____ _____ ___ __ ___ ______ ____'
_ __ ____ _ __"____ _ __ __ __ _____ ____ ___ _ ___ _ _ ____ __ _ _
__ _ ______
CHO
H OH
HO H
H OH
H OH
COOH
CH2OH
H O
HO H
H OH
H OH
COOH
CH2OH
H O
H OH
H OH
H OH
COOH
CHO
HO H
H OH
H OH
H OH
COOH
CHO
H OH
H OH
H OH
H OH
COOH
Glucoronic acid
Mannuronic acid Alluronic acid Altruronic acid
CHO
HO H
HO H
H OH
H OH
COOH
1___ __) !_____"_ __ ______ _ _ _________ ____
__)
1____ ___ 5_ __
__#__
____ _._ 1____ __
3___ __ __ ____ ___ __ ,__ _ _______ _____ ___ __ _____ _____ _ _ _____'
_____ _______ ___ _________ _ ___ ___ _______ _____ 3 __________ _____ __ ___
___ ________ _ __ ____ _____ _ _ _________ _ ___ __ ____ _ ___ _ _____'
_____ __ _____ ___ __ _ _____ __ ______ )__ __ ___ ___ _________ ____ __'
_____ __ _______ __ ______ : _____ ___ ________ _ _ ___ __ __ ___ __
____ __ _ ____ ______ ___ _____ _ __ ____ __ ___ __ $_ -._ ___
_____ _______ ___ ____ _:B$_ ___ _ _ __________ _________ _ ____ ______
____________ _______
____
___ _________ ____
3_____ ____ __ _ ___________ _ ___ ______ _____ __ _ _ ___ _ ___
__ ___ _ ___ __ __ ____ (_ ___ __ __ ___ ___ __ ______ __ __ ____ __ __
________ _ ___ ___ _ ___ __ _,__ __________ (_______ ___ __ "___&__ _
___ _____ _____ ____ ___ _ ___ ________ ___ ,__ ___ ___ __ ______ _ _ '
_ __ ( _________ ______ _______ ____ _ _____ _ __ ___ _ _____ _ _ )____
_____ _)____ *_@__
O
R
(H,R)
RNH2 N
R
(H,R)
+ R
Carbonyl Schiff base
-H2O
-_!__ ___ _____ __ _ ___ ______
_____ _____ ____ ______ _____ ___ ___ 3LC _ ___ "_ _ __ _ _ _____ _'
_ ___ ___ __ ____ ____ ___ _____ _______ _)____ *_+__ ____ _ ____ __ ___'
___ _ ___ __ __ _____
O
O
RNH2 N
O
+ R
lactone Schiff base
-H2O
-_!__ ___ $___ __ _ ___ ____ % _ ____ & _ __ _________ __ __ _ __________ ____ __'_
_____ _____ __ __ ___ ___ ______ ____ ____ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___'
__ _ ___ _ _ __ _____________ _ ____ ____ ___ ___ __ __ __ _______ ____ &__
______ _ ___ _ _ ___ ___ __ __ _____ ___ __ _______ __ ____ _____ /6+1_
3 ______ __ ____ __ _ ___________ _ ___ ___ ____'_______ "____ ___ __'
_ _______ ____ ___
__#____ _ ____ ____ _9_(9)
___ ____ ______ __ _ ______ _______ _ _ ________&___ ___ _______ __ ___'
____ _ _ ________ _ ____ __ _____ _ ___ __ _______ _____ ___ _____ _ _
_"_______ ____ _ __________ ___ ________ ____ _____ _ __ "_____ __ ___
______ _ _______ _____ __ _________ ) _ _____ ___ __ _ ___ ___ __ ___
_______ __ ____ ______ __ __ __ ___ _______ __ G_ /661_
___ ____ ______ __ _______ __ ___ ______ _ _____ _ _____ ____ ___
3_+C_ ________ __ _ ___ ______ _ _ 3_)C0 __ @55 _ _ ___ _ _____ _______
___ __ _"_ ___ _ _ _ 3__ _ _ ___ _ __ __ _,____'________ _______ ___ 3_+C
_________ __ ___ ____ __ ___ _____ _______D _____ _______ ___ _______ ___ 3_+C
__ ____ ___ __ _ ___"___ _____ ___ ________ _____ _ _______ _____________
___)
_ ________ ____ __________
__#____ - ,_ : _ !.,__,_ ___! ,
:__%0 ______ ___ __ _ ____ "_ __ ____ _ _____ _ )____ *_*_ K _ ___
_____ __ __ _"___ _ ___ _______ _____ __ _____
O
R
(H,R)
CH
R
(H,R)
+ 8NaBH4 + 18H2O 32 OH + 2Na2B4O7 + 4NaOH
-_!__ ___ $____ __ _ ________ ______ __ _____ __________ ()*+),-_
) ____ _ _ ________ ____ __ _ _ ______ __ _____ _ ____ ___ __ __ ____
__ ___________ __ __ ___ _ ____ ___ ___ __ ______ ___ _)____ *_0__
2NaBH4 8H2 2B(OH)3 Na2SO4 H2SO4 + 6H + 2+ O +
-_!__ ___ ._______ __ _ _ ____ _____ __________ _ ________ ____
___ __ ___ _ ____ ___ __ ____ __ ____ ________ _ _________
__#____ 4.,__;___ ___! , _9'
____ ___ __ _________ __ _ _ ___ _ ________ _____&____ ___ ___ __ __ ___
_ __ _____& ___ _ _____ _ )____ *_<_
O
R
(H,R)
H2N NH2 N
R
(H,R)
NH2
buffer
H2SO4
+
-_!__ __) _____ __ ___ ________ __ _ _____"_____
(____ _____ _ ____ _____&___ ___ ________ ___ __ __ _____& __ __ ____ ___
__ ______ ___ ___ ___ ________ _____&___ __ __________ __________
__#____ <___ ___! , _9_
(_ ________ ____ "_ _____ ____ _ ____ __ ____ ____ _____ _ _____ _
)____ *_6_
O
R
(H,R)
NH2OH.HCl N
R
(H,R)
+ OH
Carbonyl Oxime
+H2O +HCl
-_!__ __9 / __ ____ __ _ ________ _______
___9
___ _________ ____
___ ________ _ _ ___ __ __ ___ __ __ _____ __ _ ___ __ ___ _
____ _ __ ___ __________ _ __ ___________ ___ _____ _ ____ ___ __ ___
_ ______ ____
__#___# 5____,/% ___! , __3
8_____ _ _______ __ _ __________ _____&____ ____ _____ ____ ___ __ __ ___ _
____ ___ ___ __ __ ____ ___ ______ _ __________ _ _____ ___ _ ___ ______
_ ___ ____ _ __ ______ __________ __ ___ ____ ___ _____ _ ___ __ ___ _
__ ___ ___ ____ _ _ ____ ____ ___ _"____ _ ____ __ ________ __________
__#___) _.__ !.,___ ___! ,
%___ ___ ______ __ _____ _____ _ ___ __ __ ___ _ _ __ ___ _______
_)____ *_=__
O
R
(H,R)
HCN
R OH
(H,R)
+
Carbonyl
Cyano hydrin
C N
-_!__ ___ _____ __ _ __________ (*_-_
___ ______ _ __________ _ _ ___ __ ___ __ __________ ___ ___ ____ ___ _'
_____
__#___* 1_ _______ _.___
$M_____ __ __ /=+1 ________ _ _____ ________ ____ _ _ ____&___ ___ ____
_____ _ _______ __ ______ __ ____ ____& _'>'___ "__ ___ /+'_+'___'
_ "_'___ "__'___ "_1'_____ _33C(__ ___ ________ ___ _____ _ _ ____ __
__ __ __ )____ *_E_
(_ ____ _______ ______ __ __ _____ __ _______________'______ _ ____
_GB(F__3_ _ _____ ___ _____ __ __ ___ __ ____ ___ ___ ____________ __
_ ___ __ -____ __'________ _ __ ___ ______ _8_3_ _________ ____ _ __
)(_)' ____ ____ ____ __________ ___ __ ______ ______ __ ___ _____ _
_________ _ ____ ______ __________ _ __ __ _______ ____ ___ ___ __ _'
____ _ ___ _________ _ ____ ______ _____ ___
____
_ ________ ____ __________
O
R
(H,R)
+
Carbonyl
H2N
O
Rf
N
R
(H,R)
O Rf
o-substituted oxime
- H2O
N
O
O
O
O
NH2
Rf
spacer
florophore
-_!__ __" _ ____ _ _________ ____ __ _________ ____ __ ___+ __/0_
__#__
____ _._ 1____ __
3___ "_ __ ___ ___ _______ _______ _ _ __ _"____ __ _ _ ____ ___ ___ __ ___
__ _ ___ __ ___ ___ _______ ( _____ __ ___ __ _________ __ "_____ _ _____ __
______ _______ ______ ___ ___ _______ _ ___ "__ __ ___ __ ___ ____ ___'
_ _ _ _ ___ ___ __ ______ _____ _ ____ _____ __ ___ __ ____ _ _______ _
___ ______ ___ _ _ ____,_ _ ____
3___ "__ _____ __ _ ___ __ ___ ___ __ _ ___ _ ____ __ ____ _
___ ___ __ __________ ______ _____ _ _'_"_____ _____ __ ____
)____ *_>__
R
O
OH
+ K+A- R
O
OK
+ H2O + H3O+ + A-
-_!__ __' !__ _ ______ ____ __ _ _____ ___ ___ ____
___ ____ ____ #N ____ __ _ _ ___ ____ ________ _ ___ "__ __ ___ ____ _
___ _____'_ _ (A_ ___ ________ _ _ ___ "__ __ ___ ___ ____ __ _____'
_____ __ ___ _______ __ _______ _ __ _______ _ _ ___ ____ ____ _______ #N_
(_ __ ___ _______ _ ____ __ _______ _ _ ___________ ___ "_ __ ___ ____
____ *_@__ ___ __ __ ____ __ _________&__ _ _,_ ____ :_%3C*_ ( _ _'
_"_____ ____ __ __ __ _____ ___ __ ____ _____ ___ ___ __ ____ ____ __
_______ __ _______ ____ ________ ___ ________ ___ "_ ______
___"
__ ! "_ __ _____ __#_____ $___ ____ __%
6___ ___ 1_ ____ __ __ __ _____ __ _ _____ ___ _______
_______ %________ _ ________ _________$_&
3__3%*3CC_+ (_____ =*
3__3%*3CC_+ =0
O__3%*3CC_+ O__3%*3CC_+ =<
:_3 N :_%3C* :_%3C*' _______ _ =6_==
:_3 N :_C% :_C%' _______ _ =E __ _____ ________
=> _ ____ ________
3_____ __ __ G__' _______ _ E5
B_______ ___ G__' _______ _ E@
__9
______ _ % _.___;___ _ $_ ______ ____&
B___ ___ _ __ __ _______ _ ___ _ ____ __ ____ ______ ______ _
___ ____ _____ _ ___ _ _____ _______ ___ G_ _ _ ____ ____ _ ___ _ '
_____ _ __ __ __ _____ ___ G_ __ ________ _ _ _______ ___ ______ ____'
___ ___ ____ ________ ______ ,___ ___ ________ (__ _ _____ _______
______ _ ____ _ _________ _____ ____ __ ___________ __ _ __________ _ ___'
__ __ __ __ __ __ K___ *_6_
___ G_ __ ________ __ _ _____ _ ______ __ _ __ ____ ___ ___ "_______ _____'
____ _ ____ )___ _ .'0_6_0__ _ __ ___ _______ __&_ _ ___ _ ____ __ __ __ ___
_______ __ ___ _ ____ ____ ___ ___ _ _____ ____ _ _______ _ _______
0
0,02
0,04
0,06
0,08
0,1
0,12
0,14
0,16
0,18
0,2
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
wi
i
i
0
w di
degree of polymerization
molecular mass
number
average
weight
average
differential
distribution