- •Recovered Paper and Recycled Fibers
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •2006, Isbn 3-527-30997-7
- •Volume 1
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •4.1 Introduction 109
- •4.2.5.1 Introduction 185
- •4.3.1 Introduction 392
- •5.1 Introduction 511
- •6.1 Introduction 561
- •6.2.1 Introduction 563
- •6.4.1 Introduction 579
- •Volume 2
- •7.3.1 Introduction 628
- •7.4.1 Introduction 734
- •7.5.1 Introduction 777
- •7.6.1 Introduction 849
- •7.10.1 Introduction 887
- •8.1 Introduction 933
- •1 Introduction 1071
- •5 Processing of Mechanical Pulp and Reject Handling: Screening and
- •1 Introduction 1149
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •150.000 Annual Fiber Flow[kt]
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Void volume
- •Void volume fraction
- •Xylan and Fiber Morphology
- •Initial bulk residual
- •4.2.5.1 Introduction
- •In (Ai) Model concept Reference
- •Initial value
- •Validation and Application of the Kinetic Model
- •Inititial
- •Viscosity
- •Influence on Bleachability
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Introduction
- •International
- •Impregnation
- •Influence of Substituents on the Rate of Hydrolysis
- •140 116 Total so2
- •Xylonic
- •Viscosity Brightness
- •Xyl Man Glu Ara Furf hoAc XyLa
- •Initial NaOh charge [% of total charge]:
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •In 1950, about 50% of the global paper production was produced. This proportion
- •4.0% Worldwide; 4.2% for the cepi countries; and 4.8% for Germany.
- •1150 1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •Virgin fibers
- •74.4 % Mixed grades
- •Indonesia
- •Virgin fibers
- •Inhomogeneous sample Homogeneous sample
- •Variance of sampling Variance of measurement
- •1.Quartile
- •3.Quartile
- •Insoluble
- •Insoluble
- •Insoluble
- •Integral
- •In Newtonion liquid
- •Velocity
- •Increasing dp
- •2Α filter
- •0 Reaction time
- •Increasing interaction of probe and cellulose
- •Increasing hydrodynamic size
- •Vessel cell of beech
- •Initial elastic range
- •Internal flow
- •Intact structure
- •Viscosity 457
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •1292 Index
- •Visbatch® pulp 354
- •Index 1293
- •1294 Index
- •Impregnation 153
- •Viscosity–extinction 433
- •Index 1295
- •1296 Index
- •Index 1297
- •Inhibitor 789
- •1298 Index
- •Index 1299
- •Impregnation liquor 290–293
- •1300 Index
- •Industries
- •Index 1301
- •1302 Index
- •Index 1303
- •Xylose 463
- •1304 Index
- •Index 1305
- •1306 Index
- •Index 1307
- •1308 Index
- •In conventional kraft cooking 232
- •Visbatch® pulp 358
- •Index 1309
- •In prehydrolysis-kraft process 351
- •Visbatch® cook 349–350
- •1310 Index
- •Index 1311
- •1312 Index
- •Viscosity 456
- •Index 1313
- •Viscosity 459
- •Interactions 327
- •1314 Index
- •Index 1315
- •Viscosity 459
- •1316 Index
- •Index 1317
- •Xylose 461
- •Index 1319
- •Visbatch® pulp 355
- •Impregnation 151–158
- •1320 Index
- •Index 1321
- •1322 Index
- •Xylan water prehydrolysis 333
- •Index 1323
- •1324 Index
- •Viscosity 459
- •Index 1325
- •Xylose 940
- •1326 Index
- •Index 1327
- •In selected kinetics model 228–229
- •4OMeGlcA 940
- •1328 Index
- •Index 1329
- •Intermediate molecule 164–165
- •1330 Index
- •Viscosity 456
- •Index 1331
- •1332 Index
- •Impregnation liquor 290–293
- •Index 1333
- •1334 Index
- •Index 1335
- •1336 Index
- •Impregnation 153
- •Index 1337
- •1338 Index
- •Viscose process 7
- •Index 1339
- •Volumetric reject ratio 590
- •1340 Index
- •Index 1341
- •1342 Index
- •Index 1343
- •1344 Index
- •Index 1345
- •Initiator 788
- •Xylose 463
- •1346 Index
- •Index 1347
- •Vessel 385
- •Index 1349
- •1350 Index
- •Xylan 834
- •1352 Index
1314 Index
h
H-factor
– acid sulfite cooking 427
– acid sulfite pulping 431–432
– as function of HSO3
– 460
– as function of kappa number effected by
AQ 322
– as function of residual EA concentration
238
– beech magnesium acid sulfite cook 440
– correlation with b-aryl ether structures
content 266
– in relation to b- and c-cellulose 443
– in relation to kappa number 258, 287, 356
– in relation to oxygen delignification
efficiency 259
– in relation to pentosan and viscosity 464
– in relation to residual xylan 444
– in relation to SO2 amount 435–436
– in relation to viscosity for different wood
species 452
– in relation to wood component yield 438
– in unbleached Visbatch® pulp 357
– influence on kappa number–P-factor
relation 359
– influence on pulp yield in standard batch
cooking process 231–233
H-factor concept
– kraft cooking kinetics model predictions
224
– kraft cooking kinetics models 189–191
Hagen–Poiseuille’s law, laminar flow
132–133
half-bordered pits 47
halogen, adsorbable organic see AOX
halogenated residual 1001
handling
– recovered paper 1187–1190
– sorted recovered paper 1189
handling systems, wood yard operations
95–106
hardwood chips, silo-stored 99
hardwood fibers
– cell dimensions and chemical
composition 4
– heterogeneity 123–124
hardwood kraft pulp, oxygen delignification
723
hardwood PHK, representative dissolving
pulp 1036
hardwood prehydrolysis
– apparent rate constants 334
– kinetic model 329–343
hardwood structure 50–54
hardwood sulfite dissolving pulp 1036
– degree of polymerization 952
– molar mass distribution 951
– pretreated 1038
– R18 content 955
– selectivity 838
hardwood sulfite pulp
– purification 943
– reflectance and absorption coefficient
spectra 611
hardwoods
– accessory compounds 37–39
– apparent prehydrolysis rate constants 334
– axial parenchymal cells 54
– bleaching 1126
– cellulose 22
– chemical composition of wood 23
– defibration conditions 1102
– diffuse-porous hardwoods 50, 53
– extractives 38
– flavonoids 38
– hemicellulose 22
– homocellular rays 54
– isoflavones 38
– kinetic prehydrolysis model 329–343
– lignans 38
– lignin 22
– lignins 33
– macromolecular substances 22
– parenchymal cells 54
– penetrability 135
– phenolic compounds 38
– pits 46
– pulp 1010
– pulp bleaching 1126
– rays 54
– resin-rich 465
– ring porous hardwoods 53
– sapwood conversion to 59
– semi-ring-porous hardwoods 53
– steroids 37
– tannins 38
– triglycerides 38
– vessels 53
– xylan chains 29
HBL see hot black liquor
HC cleaner, Metso 606
HC technology 721
HCE see hot caustic extraction
HD see hot displacement
heartwood, Pinus monophylla 36
heartwood formation 57
Index 1315
heat capacity, black liquor 972–973
heat exchange, kraft recovery boiler 981
heat management
– continuous cooking process step 380
– displacement cooking process step 371
heat recovery 1121–1122
– Andritz Lo-Level 391
– conventional 391
– flow sheet 1122
heat transfer rate, evaporator 976
heating and cooking, displacement cooking
process step 370
heating-up, acid sulfite pulping process
chemistry 430
heating values, black liquor solids 969
heavy metals, ozone decomposition, initiator
789
hemicellulose 28, 835, 1026–1030
– Abies balsamea 29
– Acer rubrum 29
– acid degradation reactions 327–329
– acid hydrolysis 418
– acid-catalyzed hydrolysis 341
– amount 936
– anhydro-sugars 28
– Betula verrucosa 29
– Carboxyl groups 1037
– CBC process 286
– cell wall components 41
– cellulose/hemicellulose ratio 1016
– concentration 1026
– content as function of P-factor in
unbleached Visbatch® pulp 361
– content in lye 947
– content in pulp from modified kraft
cooking 240
– content in softwoods and hardwoods 22
– controlled removal 719
– degradation 175, 251
– delignification 251
– deoxy-hexoses 28
– discoloration 1027
– distribution 1048–1051
– DP 28
– enrichment 1050
– Fagus sylvatica 29
– fiber tenacity 1027
– fiber wall 1048–1051
– Fraxinus excelsior 29
– Gustavson and Al-Dajani kinetic
degradation model 252
– hardwoods 22
– hexoses 28
– hydrolysis 325–326
– in relation to screened yield 362
– in relation to viscosity-to-kappa number
ratio 364
– Larix decidua 29
– pentoses 28
– P-factor 361
– Picea abies 29
– Picea mariana 29
– Pinus strobus 29
– Pinus sylvestris 29
– Populus tremuloides 29
– prehydrolysis 325–326
– presence 945–947, 947
– pulp 240, 361
– removal 952, 957
– short-chain hemicelluloses removal 952
– softwoods 22
– Tsuga canadensis 29
– Ulmus americana 29
hemp fibers, cell dimensions and chemical
composition 4
heterogeneity
– hardwood fibers 123–124
– softwood fibers 123
– wood structure 123–129
heterogeneous gas phase, ozone bleaching
808
heterolytic fragmentation 749
– chlorine bleaching 746
heterolytic ozonolysis 792
heteropolysaccharides 28
HexA 187, 240, 251–254, 257–259, 267–270,
278–279, 302, 774, 830, 1016
– commercial paper-grade pulp 1014
– degradation rate in Gustavson–Al-Dajani
kinetic model 253
– efficiency of chlorine dioxide 768
– formation 180
– hydrolysis 874, 884
– in conventional and RDH pulp 278–279
– influence on kappa number 180
– model 884
– presence 839
– reactions under acidic conditions 421
hexenuronic acid see HexA
hexoses
– degradation 420
– hemicelluloses 28
– spent liquor content as function of