- •Recovered Paper and Recycled Fibers
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •2006, Isbn 3-527-30997-7
- •Volume 1
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •4.1 Introduction 109
- •4.2.5.1 Introduction 185
- •4.3.1 Introduction 392
- •5.1 Introduction 511
- •6.1 Introduction 561
- •6.2.1 Introduction 563
- •6.4.1 Introduction 579
- •Volume 2
- •7.3.1 Introduction 628
- •7.4.1 Introduction 734
- •7.5.1 Introduction 777
- •7.6.1 Introduction 849
- •7.10.1 Introduction 887
- •8.1 Introduction 933
- •1 Introduction 1071
- •5 Processing of Mechanical Pulp and Reject Handling: Screening and
- •1 Introduction 1149
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •150.000 Annual Fiber Flow[kt]
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Void volume
- •Void volume fraction
- •Xylan and Fiber Morphology
- •Initial bulk residual
- •4.2.5.1 Introduction
- •In (Ai) Model concept Reference
- •Initial value
- •Validation and Application of the Kinetic Model
- •Inititial
- •Viscosity
- •Influence on Bleachability
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Introduction
- •International
- •Impregnation
- •Influence of Substituents on the Rate of Hydrolysis
- •140 116 Total so2
- •Xylonic
- •Viscosity Brightness
- •Xyl Man Glu Ara Furf hoAc XyLa
- •Initial NaOh charge [% of total charge]:
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •In 1950, about 50% of the global paper production was produced. This proportion
- •4.0% Worldwide; 4.2% for the cepi countries; and 4.8% for Germany.
- •1150 1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •Virgin fibers
- •74.4 % Mixed grades
- •Indonesia
- •Virgin fibers
- •Inhomogeneous sample Homogeneous sample
- •Variance of sampling Variance of measurement
- •1.Quartile
- •3.Quartile
- •Insoluble
- •Insoluble
- •Insoluble
- •Integral
- •In Newtonion liquid
- •Velocity
- •Increasing dp
- •2Α filter
- •0 Reaction time
- •Increasing interaction of probe and cellulose
- •Increasing hydrodynamic size
- •Vessel cell of beech
- •Initial elastic range
- •Internal flow
- •Intact structure
- •Viscosity 457
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •1292 Index
- •Visbatch® pulp 354
- •Index 1293
- •1294 Index
- •Impregnation 153
- •Viscosity–extinction 433
- •Index 1295
- •1296 Index
- •Index 1297
- •Inhibitor 789
- •1298 Index
- •Index 1299
- •Impregnation liquor 290–293
- •1300 Index
- •Industries
- •Index 1301
- •1302 Index
- •Index 1303
- •Xylose 463
- •1304 Index
- •Index 1305
- •1306 Index
- •Index 1307
- •1308 Index
- •In conventional kraft cooking 232
- •Visbatch® pulp 358
- •Index 1309
- •In prehydrolysis-kraft process 351
- •Visbatch® cook 349–350
- •1310 Index
- •Index 1311
- •1312 Index
- •Viscosity 456
- •Index 1313
- •Viscosity 459
- •Interactions 327
- •1314 Index
- •Index 1315
- •Viscosity 459
- •1316 Index
- •Index 1317
- •Xylose 461
- •Index 1319
- •Visbatch® pulp 355
- •Impregnation 151–158
- •1320 Index
- •Index 1321
- •1322 Index
- •Xylan water prehydrolysis 333
- •Index 1323
- •1324 Index
- •Viscosity 459
- •Index 1325
- •Xylose 940
- •1326 Index
- •Index 1327
- •In selected kinetics model 228–229
- •4OMeGlcA 940
- •1328 Index
- •Index 1329
- •Intermediate molecule 164–165
- •1330 Index
- •Viscosity 456
- •Index 1331
- •1332 Index
- •Impregnation liquor 290–293
- •Index 1333
- •1334 Index
- •Index 1335
- •1336 Index
- •Impregnation 153
- •Index 1337
- •1338 Index
- •Viscose process 7
- •Index 1339
- •Volumetric reject ratio 590
- •1340 Index
- •Index 1341
- •1342 Index
- •Index 1343
- •1344 Index
- •Index 1345
- •Initiator 788
- •Xylose 463
- •1346 Index
- •Index 1347
- •Vessel 385
- •Index 1349
- •1350 Index
- •Xylan 834
- •1352 Index
Index 1345
– simplified flowsheet 374
– technology and equipment 373–374
superheaters, kraft recovery boiler 981
supermolecular structures, characterization
1257–1268
superoxide anion, ozone decomposition,
Initiator 788
superoxide anion radical 646
– converter 788
– hydrogen peroxide intermediates 852
superoxide formation, ozone reactions 794
supramolecular structure 1041–1047
surface, accessible 1267
surface area, specific see specific surface
surface condenser 978
surface tension
– black liquor 971
– black liquor and water 136
surfactants, application 687
surge bin, chip storage 102
suspended single fibers, characteristic
parameters 1272
sweetgum, average moisture content 125
swelling 937
– concept of Bouchard 799
– pulp 1052
– pulp fibers 1268
– unbleached kraft pulp 733
synthesis gas, cleaning 994
syringyl
– monolignol structural units 31
– structures 830
syringylpropane
– lignin 165
– molecular structure 32
t
TA see total alkali
tall oil
– crude 967
– kraft pulping 112
– softwoods 36
Tampella-grinder 1095
tandem infeed rings, debarkers 79
tangential velocity profile, hydrocyclone 581
tangential walls, cell components 44
tannins, hardwoods 38
Tasmanian emission levels, marine
environment 1005
taxifolin 449
– formation of quercetin under acid sulfite
conditions 426
TCF-bleached acid sulfite 1048
TCF-bleached dissolving pulp,
characterization 1049, 1051
TCF bleaching 10, 816, 1040
– bleachability 267
– hydrogen peroxide application 868
– sulfite 877–880
TCF bleaching sequence 843
– groups 727
– ozone placement 848
tear index 235–236
– as function of cellulose content 294
– as function of tensile index 294, 482
– of kraft softwood pulp as function of kappa
number 235
– viscosity dependence 841
tear resistance, pulp 1141
tear strength, CBC pulp 293
tear-tensile plot
– for AS/AQ and kraft CBC cooking 482
– for CBC, CBC-PS and conventional kraft
pulp 294
Tectona grandis, gutta 38
temperature 701–702
– acid sulfite cooking cycle 427
– AS/AQ pine pulping 479
– caustic extraction 944–945
– CBC process 283
– centrifugal cleaning operating parameters
587
– during VisCBC hardwood cooking process
347
– grinding process parameters 1084
– in relation to kappa number and dissolved
Xylose 463
– in relation to pentosan and screened yield
463
– in relation to relative pressure washer
capacity 535
– influence on CBC process 289–290
– influence on pulp yield in standard batch
cooking process 231–233
– Lo-Solids™ cook 303
– predicted time-dependency in selected
model of kraft cooking kinetics 224
– pulp washing parameter 535
– Rauma three-stage sulfite cook 471
– screening operating parameters 577
– two-stage delignification operating
conditions 730
temperature distribution, softwood chip pile
99
temperature effect
– on kraft cooking kinetics models 200–203
1346 Index
– on modified kraft cooking 248–251
– oxygen delignification 813–814
tensile index 235–236
– commercial paper-grade pulp 1014
– in relation to tear index 294, 482
– pulp 808, 1140
tensile strength
– single fibers 1278
– zero-span 1019
tension wood 55–56
terpenes
– hartwoods 37
– isoprene 35
tert-butanol, cellulose protecting additive 819
tertiary treatment 1005
test water, analytical purposes 1224
tetra-ammin-copper(II)-hydroxide see CUOXAM
tetranitromethane method 829
textile filaments, dissolving pulp
applications 1025
TGW see thermo groundwood
thermal conductivity, black liquor 972
thermal pre-treatment, refiner process 1100
thermal processes, refiner process 1101
thermal stability, hydrogen peroxide 863–865
thermo groundwood 1092
thermomechanical pulp 1098
– energy consumption 13
– role in global pulp production 12
– screening system 1120
thick liquor, separate extraction 975
thickening factor (T) 584–585
thickness distribution, fiber wall (after
centrifugal cleaning) 585
thin-layer chromatography 1232
thiosulfate
– formation 423
– model reaction with vanillyl alcohol 424
– role in sulfur-containing carbohydrates
formation 422–424
three-stage screening, cascade feedback
arrangement 596
three-stage sequence, hydrogen peroxide
application 872
Tilghman, Benjamin 6, 392
Tilia americana, inorganic composition 40
time-of-flight secondary ion mass
spectroscopy 60
tissue structure, wood characterization level
21
titration curve
– titrator base Mg(OH)2 399
– titrator base NaOH 399
TMP see thermomechanical pulp
TMP line
– single-stage 1109
– two-stage 1110
TMS see trimethylsilyl ethers
TNM see tetranitromethane method
ToF-SIMS 60
Tomlinson-type chemical recovery boiler 992
torus, cellulose microfibrils 47
total alkali, kraft cooking active chemicals
114
total ash
– commercial paper-grade pulp 1014
– pulp 1220
total reduced sulfur 1002
total titratable alkali, kraft cooking active
chemicals 114–115, 988
total weight of wet wood 124
totally chlorine free bleaching see TCF
bleaching
Tower scrapers, Metso 624
toxic compounds, kraft pulping 112
tracheids
– cell components 46
– softwoods 51
– wood cells 49
transition metal ions 814–816
– reactions with hydrogen peroxide 854
transition metals
– hydrogen peroxide decomposition 860
– ozone decomposition 789
transparency, sheets 1280
transport systems, wood yard operations
95–106
transversal diffusion coefficient, dependency
on temperature and activation energy 140
transversal groundwood 1079
traveling screw reclaimer, chip storage 103
“tree-free” paper 14
Trichoderma longibrachiatum 822
triglycerides, hardwoods 38
trimethylglucose, conformers 1231
trimethylsilyl ethers, monosaccharides
determination 1231
tropolone derivates 37
– softwoods 35
TSR see total reduced sulfur
Tsuga, inorganic composition 40
Tsuga canadensis
– chemical composition of wood 23
– hemicelluloses, nonglucosic units 29
TTA see total titratable alkali