Vocabulary Notes

the legislative branch of the government - законодательная вда№»

to represent — представлять

the House of Representatives — Палата представителей

the Senate - Сенат

to elect, election — избирать, выборы

to make laws — создавать законы

to enforce a law — проводить закон в жизнь

to obey a law — исполнять закон

to pass the law — провести закон

to veto a bill - наложить вето на законопроект

majority/minority — большинство/меньшинство

to declare war — объявить войну

to impeach the President — подвергнуть президента импичменту

to charge - обвинить в каком-либо преступлении

to vote — голосовать

executive branch — исполнительная власть

a term — срок полномочий

the Supreme Court - Верховный Суд

justice — судья

Chief Justice — Главный Судья

Associate Justice — Член Верховного Суда

to appoint — назначать

the judicial branch — судебная власть

Ex 2. Выберите в тексте слова, которые являются юридическими тер­минами. Переведите их и запомните.

Ex. 3. Дайте возможные словосочетания с предлагаемыми глаголами, to elect; to appoint; to sign; to consist; to protect; to become; to vote.

Ex. 4. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских слов и выражений.

в этом случае; обвинять; гражданин, имеющий американское подданство; одобрять; срок; быть в соответствии с; подписы­вать; защищать права; проводить в жизнь закон; гражданское лицо; гражданин страны по рождению.

Ex. 5. Закончите предложения в соответствии с текстом.

1. The job of the Congress is

2. The US President

3. A senator must be

4. The Supreme Court consists of.

5. The judicial power is

Ex. 6. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. What branches does the government of the USA consist of?

2. Who does the highest executive power belong to?

3. Who represents the legislative power in the USA?

4. What is the judicial branch of the government? What is its job?.

Ex. 7. Прочитайте текст и выявите ту информацию, которой НЕ было в Тексте А. В. US GOVERNMENT

By the Constitution of 1787 the government of the USA is composed of three branches: the executive one, the legislative one, and the judicial one.

The highest executive power in the United States is with the President of the United States, who is elected for a term of 4 years by electors of each state. The President of the USA must be a native-born citizen, resident in the country for 14 years and at least 35 years old.

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The President is to carry out the programmes of the Government, to recommend much of the legislation to the Congress. The President is also responsible for

• carrying out and enforcing laws made by Congress;

• nominating people for federal offices;

• negotiating treaties with other nations;

• conducting wars.

In addition, the president is given the power

• to pardon people convicted of crimes

• to send and receive ambassadors to and from other countries. Veto. The president shares in the legislative power through the veto. Althougn

the president can veto a bill passed by Congress, the bill can still become a law if two-thirds of both houses of Congress vote to override the veto

Appointments. The power to appoint executive branch officials and federal judges is shared with Congress. The president has the power to nominate persons to fill those positions, but the Senate has the right to approve or disapprove of the persons nominated. To prevent corruption of Congress, members of Congress are not allowed to hold another federal office.

The legislative power belongs to the Congress of the United States consisting of two chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate is composed of two members from each state elected for a term of 6 years, one third being elected every two years. The number of representatives from each state to the House of Representatives depends on the number of people in each particular state.

In order to become a law all bill and resolutions must pass both the Houses and must be signed by the President.

The Supreme Court is the highest judicial organ of the United States and the head of the judicial branch of power. The Supreme Court consists of the Chief Justice of the USA and a number of Associate Justices.

There are about 90 district courts in different part of the United States. The district courts are the lowest ones in the Federal court system. Most of the criminal and civil cases are tried by these courts.

Each state has a constitution similar to the Constitution of the USA and all the power in each state is divided into executive, legislative, and judicial. The head of each state is the governor of the state.

Each state has its own system of courts similar to that of the Federal courts.