11. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. What subjects does the law of patents embrace?

2. What statutory conditions must be satisfied for an invention to be patented?

3. How is a "patent" defined by the U.S. International Trade Commission?

4. What is the period of the U.S. patent law protection?

1. What may patent be granted for?

2. Once a patent is granted how are the rights secured?

1. In what cases can the U.S. International Trade Commission keep the product out of the United States?

Text 4

TRADE SECRET LAW

Trade secret law protects confidential information used in business. The U.S. International Trade Commission has defined a "trade secret" as "information, including a formula, pattern, compilation, device, method, technique, or process that derives independent economic value, actual or potential, from not being generally known, and not being readily ascertained by proper means by other persons who can obtain economic value from its disclosure or use, and is the subject of efforts that are reasonable under the circumstances to maintain its secrecy. It can be an idea or information that has a commercial value not known. The protection is aquired* as soon as the idea is created, and the protection lasts as long as the information is kept a secret. However, someone may use and apply the trade secret if it is discovered independently by proper means,

The U.S.Customs Service and the U.S. International Trade Com­mission are both involved in the customs law aspects of international property law. For example, the U.S. Customs Service may exclude or seize merchandise that is protected by intellectual property law and which is registered v/ith the Customs Service. The International Trade Commission may issue an exclusion order for merchandise that is protected by intellectual property law.

Notes

trade secret law — право коммерческой тайны

confidential information — конфиденциальные (секретный)

сведения

formula — формула, рецепт

pattern—промышленный образец, модель (зарегистрированные) compilation — компиляция (составленная путем заимствования

из разных источников)

device — устройство, приспособление, механизм method — метод, способ, прием technique — техника, метод process — способ, метод изготовления

derive independent economic value (from) — извлекать экономичен

кую выгоду (из)

actual or potential - настоящий или будущий

ascertained by proper means — установлены (определены)

законными средствами disclosure — раскрытие, обнаружение commercial value — коммерческая выгода the protection is acquired — защита приобретаете exclude merchandise - запрещать ввоз товара seize merchandise — конфисковать (наложить запрет на) товар issue an exclusion order for merchandise - издать приказ о выдво­рении (запрете ввоза) товара

Упражнения

* 12. Соотнесите слова в левой колонки с их значениями в правой.

1. confidential a. to get

2. compilation b. gathering together, and arranging in order to find

3. to ascertain out, discover

4. to apply с private, secret

5. to acquire d. to put to practical use

e. to find out, to discover

*13. Найдите в тексте следующие словосочетания и составьте с ними предложения.

1. используемый в бизнесе; 2. не быть общеизвестным; 3. при­обретать экономическую выгоду; 4. быть разумным; 5. хранить в секрете; 6. соответствующий способ; 7. быть вовлеченным в

*14. Составте словосочетания, используя слова из обеих колонок.

1. trade a. confidential

2. information b. value

3. independent economic с proper

4. means d. secrecy

5. to maintain its e. secret

6. order f. exclusion