- •О. М. Ільченко
- •Introduction 3
- •4 Introduction
- •Позначення, якi зустрiчаються у книзi
- •Contents
- •Introduction
- •6 Contents
- •8 Chapter 1
- •Types of Science Products
- •10 Chapter
- •12 Chapter 1
- •Grammar: articles and their usage
- •General usage of articles:
- •14 Chapter 1 articles used with certain expressions
- •Articles with proper names
- •16 Chapter 1
- •18 Chapter 1
- •20 Chapter 1
- •22 Chapter 1
- •Noteworthy
- •24 Chapter 2
- •26 Chapter 2 grammar: expression of quantity.
- •I. Large quantity
- •Other expressions denoting large quantity:
- •II. Small quantity
- •28 Chapter 2
- •Other expressions:
- •Mind other expressions:
- •30 Chapter 2
- •Borrowed plural forms:
- •32 Chapter 2
- •By learning the prefixes you will understand the meaning of words.
- •34 Chapter 2
- •36 Chapter 2
- •38 Chapter 2
- •Noteworthy
- •40 Chapter 3
- •42 Chapter 3 grammar: system of tenses
- •44 Chapter 3 simple future (Future Indefinite)
- •46 Chapter 3
- •48 Chapter 3
- •Sequence of Tenses (Reported Speech)
- •50 Chapters 3
- •52 Chapter 3
- •Comment on these graphs:
- •54 Chapter 3
- •56 Chapter 3
- •Noteworthy
- •58 Chapter 4
- •60 Chapter 4
- •Grammar: structure of english sentence
- •62 Chapter 4
- •Logical connectors
- •Additional Information
- •64 Chapter 4
- •Exemplification
- •Summary
- •Contrast
- •66 Chapter 4
- •Purpose
- •Concession
- •68 Chapter 4 reason, cause and effect (result)
- •Expression of comparison
- •70 Chapter 4
- •Double comparative
- •Irregular formation
- •72 Chapter 4
- •74 Chapter 4
- •76 Chapter 4
- •78 Chapter 4
- •80 Chapter 4 Noteworthy
- •82 Chapter 5
- •84 Chapter 5 grammar: mood. Expression of conditions
- •Semantic types of conditional sentences
- •Real conditions
- •Unreal conditions
- •86 Chapter 5
- •Other expressions denoting conditions:
- •88 Chapter 5
- •90 Chapter 5
- •92 Chapter 5
- •94 Chapter 5
- •Noteworthy:
- •Internet
- •98 Chapter 6
- •100 Chapters
- •102 Chapters grammar: modal verbs and their equivalents (phrasal modals)
- •Modal verbs
- •104 Chapter 6
- •106 Chapter 6
- •108 Chapter6
- •110 Chapter 6
- •Acronyms and Initialisms
- •112 Chapter 6
- •114 Chapter 6
- •Noteworthy
- •116 Chapter 6
- •Interactive Multimedia English Suffixes
- •118 Chapter 7
- •Translate Ukrainian sentences, then match the two columns:
- •120 Chapter 7 grammar: the passive voice
- •Subject object
- •The passive is usually used:
- •1. Indirect Passive:
- •2. Prepositional Passive
- •122 Chapter 7 Other ways of expressing passive:
- •The passive is usually found with the following verbs and set phrases:
- •124 Chapter7
- •126 Chapter 7
- •Adjective suffixes
- •Verb suffixes
- •Noun suffixes
- •1. Make nouns from these words:
- •2. Make verbs from these words:
- •3. Make adjectives from these words:
- •128 Chapter7
- •130 Chapter 7
- •134 Chapter 8 grammar: verbals (Non-Finite Forms of the Verbs) participle
- •Verbals are:
- •Participle
- •Perfect Participle
- •Participles in a Sentence (a,b,c)
- •136 Chapters
- •Participal constructions
- •138 Chapters other constructions
- •140 Chapter 8
- •142 Chapter 8
- •144 Chapter 8
- •Noteworthy
- •146 Chapter 8
- •Alchemy
- •148 Chapter 9
- •Fossil fuels
- •150 Chapter 9
- •World Energy Consumption — 1970
- •154 Chapter 9 Constructions with the Infinitive
- •156 Chapter 9
- •158 Chapter 9
- •1. Green Products
- •160 Chapter 9
- •162 Chapter 9
- •164 Chapter 9
- •Noteworthy
- •166 Chapter 10
- •168 Chapter 10
- •170 Chapter 10
- •Constructions with gerund
- •172 Chapter 10
- •174 Chapter 10
- •I scored highest in _____________________________________
- •Intelligent manufacturing system
- •176 Chapter 10
- •178 Chapter 10
- •Noteworthy
- •How to Speak in Public
- •184 Chapter 11 grammar: emphasis
- •186 Chapter 11
- •188 Chapter 11
- •The Ax Story
- •A checklist for information age
- •190 Chapter 11
- •192 Chapter 11
- •II about you
- •196 Appendix II
- •198 Appendix III
- •Abstract (a short summary of a paper)
- •За змістом та методами дослідження
- •200 Appendix IV
- •Conference mini-vocabulary
- •202 Appendix IV
- •Basic criteria regarding the level of papers
- •Registration form
- •Please complete in block letters (type or print)
- •204 Appendix V
- •Tips on resume writing
- •Types of questions
- •1. General questions
- •2. Special question
- •3. Alternative questions
- •206 Appendix VI
- •4. Disjunctive questions
- •Verbs make and do
- •208 Appendix VIII
- •Irregular verbs
- •210 Appendix IX, X
- •Frequency scale
- •Probability scale
- •Toefl: first steps
- •Tips on Section 1
- •212 Appendix XI
- •214 Appendix XI
- •Tips on Section 2
- •Checklist for Section 2
- •218 Appendix XI
- •Test of written English (twe)
- •Tips on twe
- •Sample essay
- •220 Final Test Final Test
- •120 Questions
- •I. Read the passage and choose the one best answer to each question.
- •II. Complete the following sentences
- •222 Final Test
- •224 Final Test
- •226 Final Test
- •III. Choose the one word or phrase that best keeps the meaning of the original sentence if it is substituted for the underlined word or phrase.
- •228 Final Test
- •230 Final Test
- •232 Final Test
- •234 Answer key answer key chapter 1
- •Chapter 2
- •Chapter 3
- •236 Answer key
- •Chapter 4
- •Chapter 5
- •Chapter 6
- •238 Answer key chapter 7
- •Chapter 8
- •Chapter 9
- •Chapter 10
- •Chapter 11
- •240 Answer key
- •Final test
- •241 Л1тература
- •Словники
- •Навчальне видання Ільченко Ольга Михайлівна Англійська мова для науковців
124 Chapter7
Exercise 4. Complete the sentences.
1. The observed phenomena ... into generalized statements.
a. organized
b. are organized
c. organizing
d. are organizing
2. A lot of universities ... in the university towns in the USA.
a. locating
b. to locate
c. are located
d. is located
3. They ... how to operate the equipment last month.
a. are shown
b. have been shown
c. will be shown
d. were shown
4. Our TV set ... yet.
a. was not repaired
b. is not repaired
c. is not being repaired
d. has not been repaired
5. A new edition of this encyclopedia ....
a. is printing now
b. is now printing
c. is being printed now
d. now prints
6. His works ... all over the world.
a. is widely known
b. widely known
c. to be widely known
d. are widely known
7. An attempt ... to find a pattern of consistency in all observations of the system under study.
a. is made
b. made
c. are made
d. to be made
8. His later works were ....
a. took notice of
b. taken notice of
c. taking notice of
d. take notice of
9. This new instrument can really ... .
a. is relied upon
b. was relied upon
c. be relied upon
d. has been relied upon
Chapter 7 125
10. This book ... by a famous writer.
a. was written
b. were written
c. was writing
d. to be written
11. All contributions ... by a board of reviewers next month.
a. were revised
b. will be revised
c. are being revised
d. have been revised
Exercise 5. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian.
1. The paper is concerned with three questions.
2. We were informed of the meeting.
3. Only a few examples will be given here.
4. The theory is being much spoken about.
5. The negotiations will not be finished until Monday.
6. I was paid cash.
7. Heating was followed by cooling.
8. This method was done away with many years ago.
9. They were asked whether the laboratory would be provided with the necessary equipment.
10. This problem is being investigated by our team, and the results will be published soon.
11. They were shown new tools.
12. This problem was not even thought of a couple of years ago.
13. A new exhibition has been organized by our company.
14. The problem was dealt with in a number of papers.
15. A large amount of research is being conducted in the field of telecommunications.
16. It is unbelievable that he should have made such a mistake.
17. Of course, the issue in question will play an important role.
18. The new evidence cannot be accounted for by existing theories.
19. It is thought that this equipment can be relied upon.
20. They have been given sufficient information.
21. As recently as the 1950s blacks and whites were not allowed to get married in many southern states in the U.S.
22. The merits of new technology have been taken notice of.
23. It is known that care must be taken of fundamental research.
24. These facts play an important role in the process under study.
25. What method should be chosen in any particular case depends on a number of factors.
26. Provided certain basic requirements are met, the work may be completed in time.
27. The necessity of applied research is insisted upon.
28. There is little doubt that in the course of further development of all sciences extensive use will be made of a wide range of computers.
29. It is hoped that the technique may be significantly improved.
30. The assistant was sent for.
31. The new data have been obtained, presented, and discussed recently.
32. The result of our experiment is greatly affected by laboratory conditions.
33. I was told to wait.